ABSTHACTS MrSENTED BY ATITHORS
ST1*DY 01P THE. C11%MTCAL COM130SITION OF THE
SMOKIL OF THE IRAOT CIGARLTTES
J. SHAFIK - Tobacco Research Laboratory,
Sulaiumaniyia, Iraq
Some of the chemical compositions of the smoke and
cutter
tobaccos of tho Vive brands of have binen studltd.
The qunntity of the chemical compounds affects the
quality of
cigarattes to some extent.. The chemical analysis
of' the tobacco and
Nmoke show that there are snm6 compounds which
pass from tobacco to
the smoke and there is some inter-dependence
between them but the.
author has inot noticed this correlation in all
the compounds
investigated..
The harmful compounds which pass froku the tobacco
to-tho -,Rmoko
can be lessened by the filter and therefore,
filter is a good device
for limiting the harmful substances of tobacco to
pass to the smoke..'
The low grades of. cigarettes should be provided
-.;ith filters to-
restrict the pa-soage of harmf-ul substances from
tobacco to the smoke.
In general, according to all indices studied in
all bxand's of
Iraqi cigarettes can be arranged in respect of its
quAlity as follows:
Baghdad, Jamuriya, Gazi, Turkey and Lux.
VENTILATION AND ITS EFFECT ON CIGARETTE PROPERTIES
P. W. ROPER Iwpe~ial Tobacco Limited, Bristol
The recent increase in the -number of ventilated
cigarette- brands
available on the U.K. market 'indicates the
considerable interest this
particular method of reducing tar yields hets
stimulated.
Means of achieving smoke dilution via permeable
(inheteftt-or
perforated) cigarette paper and joining
paper/plugwrap systems are
describe-d, as--are methods-of measuring one
important property, air
permeability.
Analogues of the ventilation systems are bri-of ly
discussed. - The
property of tho base cigarette, paper, with or.
without perfo-ratlon, has.,
major deliveries, and the selective. reduction of
various 'Smoke components rrom cigarettes
inc-oeporaiiiig bdtli
and...perforated paper is discussed.
An indicaff-4~W is
results from particular combinations -of
pdrforated Jotni" "per and
porous plugw-raps -and a compar.ison iz_=a4o
bOt.ween thevariability
associated with both ventilated filter
and.perrAeable cigarette paper
systems.
T.he adv6ntaos.-and disadvantages assobiated with
both these,
ventilation systems are discussed and poss"le
improvements. suggested. -
`7 cont.../ ......2
302057157
BATCO document for Province of British Columbia 19
April 1999


- 2 -
TIM !-.FFFCT OF 1"PUPORATED TIPPTNG PAPER ON THE
YIELD OF VARIOUS
C01MIONENTi
V~ NA:?MAN - Rriony~ch -Dept., Liggett Myers
Tile., Dal-ljwli '."*.C 277021 USA
The effect of the degree of ventilation through
perforated
tipping paper on the yield of vArious components
of main stream smoke
has been determined. The degree of ventilation was
measured directly
as the volume of air pulled through the
perforations during the
.4 mr0(ing of a- cignrettc-, or indirectly ar. the
prezisure dvup of the
-perforati-ons. There is generally a reasonably
good linear correspond-
ence between yield reduction and the degree of
ventilation (in the
20510~.' range). The dilution effect achieved, as
well as the slopes of
the regression lines, varied considerably with
respect to different
smoke components, with gas phase components having
larger slopes.
In. the 30-1105' ventilation range, the
concentrations of individual
smoke components were reduced in the following
order of decreasing
effect: particulate water HCN CO, INO, Aldehydes
IsopTpnc
TPM, CO, nicotine-free-dry-'smoke pheriol(s.),
menthol. nicotine. The
yield reauction observed for
nicotine-free-dry-smoke corresponds most
closely to the value predicted-from ventilat-ion.
At vxtremely high
degrees of ventilationv this order may change
some-what; and at' low
degrees of ventilation, the relationship becomes
non-linear., Some
reasons are postulated for the different effect on
various smoke
components.
THE CADMIUM, NICKEL AND LEAD CONTENT OF TOBACCO
AND CIGARETTE SMOKE
0. T. WESTCOTT -Imperial Tobacco Limited, Bristol
3.
The cadmium,'nickel and lead content of.a ii~ide
variety of
toba=a -typez-and -thbli4 reg ~ 061tivo t i&e6ttt-
-:SM61t6.t hdV6 - be dn. ine a.~urad
P
using.atomic absorption analysig.
-The .,,.cadmium,_ nickel g4d__1e_Wd
I to 3.5,. to 9._5 and, 8 to 23.p9/&
of-tobacco-respectivalyi.
The cadmium level-'in tobaccos were rel6tiv,ely
high only-for
.,cmps from Canada -and JapaA3 Otherwise., there
Were li'ttld app6rent
differences in mickel and lead content from'
tobaccos wiginating. from
different countries. Flue-cured tobanc.os appeared
to contain more
cadmium,-.less nitkal and equiv6lent-lead le'vels
to. those observed for-
...tobaq;cos cured by d.1ffer#nt-pr.*cesse3..
"EvidencA -wag f6Uftd t6-sUggett..
f cadmium Ica III -tij a Vji -lia- _t
thA + th4 --I evel s 0 and -1 iA _1;4iii 61b Ajaik
those for the cor~rospqndinS Xus-c~rop, the nickel
contents of-the two,
trops being-similar.
The transfer of cadmium from-tobacco-to
mainst-ream particulate
phdae .was generally Jes-8 - tban. *25%, whereas
that for''niVkel was less
4 han V%. and that :for, lead was less -than
Commercial.- filters~ rata*irk" more 'than 50Y.
of- cadmium pre6ented
302057158
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19
April 1999


7 :_:--7%!TNAT)G%' OF TRANSIT-I'ON 'ILMMS IN'
CIGARETTP smom,; c,),..,r)FNSAT0
-1,FNT Z
-L -XTRACTION AND ATMITC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
11. MORTE - Resear,.1i bnboratorj es, Tennessr-e
Enstman Company,
Division of Eastw.an Nodak Company, Kingsport,
Tennessee 37662
A method for the determination of trace transition
netals in
rigarette smok,, is described. The smoke
particulate matter is digested
z.n nitric acid, the acid is neutralized, and
metal ions ar(% cornplOXf-d
with iimr-)~nium 1-pyrro)-idinecart)oditl-iioite
alid extracted with methyl
isobutyl ketone. The metals are then determiikcd
in the organic solvent
by atomic absorption spectroscopy.. The
sensitivity of' the method is
enhanced by the use of the methyl isobutyl, ketone
extraction. The
method v-as evaluated fo.r the determination oLf
cadmium, cobalt. nickel,
manganese, copper, iron, and zinc in the total
particulate matter of
smoke from Universi-ty or Kentucky reference
cigarettes and from
commercial cigarettes. The amounts or these metals
found. in the smoke
of a tYpical commercial cigarette are: 0.07 jig
Cow 0.04pg Nis 0.04jis Mns
0.io )xg Cu, 0&8 ps Few 0.6 12g Zn, and 0.02 pg
Cd. The amount of
cadmium found in this work is considerably less
than that reported
previously The, method was used to show that
cellulose- acetate
cigarette Llters remove about the some porcentage
of metals as TRNI
from the smoke. Two. filters which contained metal
ions did not
contribute measurable amounts of metals to the
smoke.
THR, DETEMMINATION Or, NITROPHENOLS IN TOHACCO
SMOKE COxDEvSA-rE
It. KLUS Austria Tabakwerke, Vienna
The paper gives--A ftet,4.od for the determination
of nitrophenols in
tobacc:b smaUe condensate. Ihe-idonti fi cation of
-th_e n.itrophenols
bases on the comoi. -tiori GLC/,\fS-'.
'Prelim'lliatly4-results will- be p're3ented
and-.tbe problem that nitro-PI-ii-I may be
regarded as' z~v%- artifact will
-be discussed.-
E3 ATCO doc
urnentfOr PrOvinCe
of Eritish Colurnj),a mom
19 April 1999 302057159