RESEARCH PROGRESS REPORT
JANUARY - APRIL, 1978
AUTHORS: S.R. Evelyn DATE: 17th Mayr 1978
D.J. Wood
ISSUED BY: C.I. Ayres
DISTRIBUTION:
Dr. S.J. Green Copy No. 1, 2, 3
Dr. I.W. Hughes 4
Dr. R.A. Sanford 5, 6
R.M. Gibb, Esq. 7
R.S. Wade, Esq. 8, 9
R.G. Nicholls, Esq. 10
Herr E. Rittershaus 11
Dr. F. Seehofer 12
Dr. C.J.P. de Sj.queira 13
Dr. D.G. Felton 14
Dr. C.I. Ayres 15
File No. 38A
u
16, 17
COPY NO:
CD
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C-0
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Group Research and Development Centre,
British-American Tobacco Co. Ltd.,
SOUTHAMPTON.
17 th May, 1978.
RESEARCH PROGRESS REPORT
JANUARY - APRIL, 1978
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND INFORMATION
Inhalation Toxicology
The pilot long-term inhalation study has now been
running for 16 months. Tissue samples were taken
for examina-
tion at 12 months and at this time a re-assessment
of TPM dose
levels was also made.
Work is continuing on pathology material taken
earlier
in the experiment. The experiment is expected to
run for at
least two years. At this stage, no detailed
comment can be
made on this particular project.
All toxicity studies carried out by the LS group
include
regular monitoring of body weight of animals, as a
check on
general response to treatment. An automatic system
for
recording this information has been in routine use
for some
time (25). Time saving has been considerable and a
number
of other laboratories have shown an interest in
the set-up.
C:D
Work is now being done to include food consumption
data as
part of the automatic processing system.
00
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An inhalation study is to be carried out to
determine
the specific activity of smoke from cigarettes for
which a
difference in biological activity of TPM has
already been
demonstrated. Dosimetry work is critical to this
experiment
to ensure matching of TPM dose to the lungs of
animals
exposed to smoke from the different cigarettes.
The large
amount of information which has been gained on the
smoke
dosimetry characteristics in experimental animals
will be
used to achieve matching of TPM doses. Dosimetry
work for
the specific activity study has recently been
completed.
The results of this part of the experiment will be
required
before the toxicology study proper can begin.
Good progress has been made in establishing
baseline
data on food consumption and bodyweight changes in
control,
sham-smoked and smoke-exposed animals. An
investigation of
patterns of food consumption, body weight change,
haematology
and blood biochemistry characteristics in animals
fed a range
of commercially available diets has also been
completed
within the period covered by this review. Such
information
is necessary before work with experimental diets
and studies
on the effects of smoke on fat and carbohydrate
metabolism
can be started, as a move towards investigating
comparative
smoke toxicity in relation to cardiovascular
responses.
Biochemistry
An initial report has been issued (24) describing
methods for- assessing mucus production and
secretion. Total
mucus production and extracellular secretion of
mucus by
tracheal strips were assessed biochemically using
two radio-
chemical tracers. Initial results show that smoke
exposure C=)
leads to an increase in total tracheal mucus
production and CD
CX)
a decrease in sulphated mucus production; both
changes
appear to be dose related. CO
_Ij
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3
The increase in proteolytic enzyme levels in the
lungs
of rats exposed to smoke has been confirmed. To
test the
potential of using this biochemical response as an
index
of smoke toxicity, changes in enzyme level have
been
measured in animals exposed to smoke from
cigarettes for
which relative toxicity has previously been
assessed by
pathological techniques. Results of the experiment
will be
reported when available. The attraction of using
lung
biochemical changes for smoke assay purposes are
that
responses seem to be detectable after relatively
short-term
exposures and that results of assays are available
more
quickly than from pathological assays.
Smoke Dosimetry
Collation of dosimetry data with information on
the
respiratory pattern of animals during exposure to
smok6 allows
an estimation of the retention of inhaled smoke
particles in
the respiratory system of the rat. Calculation of
the retention
of particles indicates that approximately 15% of
inhaled TPM
stays in the lungs of rats immediately after
exposure (1).
Further studies (11) on deposition of retained
smoke within
the various segments of the rat lung shows a
differential
distribution of this particulate material.
Dosimetry measurements
show a concentration gradient of particles from
the apical lobes
down to the basal region of the lungs. Detailed
dosimetry
work of this kind gives a more complete picture of
the animal
model used for inhalation toxicity studies. The
information
derived is.likely to be of value in the
interpretation of
.toxicity studies. In particular, the new
information on the
differential distribution of smoke may be helpful
in relation
to the examination of pathology in the various
lobes of the
lungs of experimental animals.
U.-i
-14
00
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4
Other Studies
To obtain more information on the metabolism of
menthol
by man, an experiment was carried.out under
contract to
measure the elimination and excretion of the
compound after
oral administration of (3 H)-menthol. Menthol is
rapidly
absorbed, metabolised and quickly excreted. The
majorit y of
the dose of radioactivity (100%+) was recovered in
the urine
of volunteers, the bulk of which was in samples
collected
0- 6 hours after dosing (32).
Similarly, human volunteer smokers excreted a
large
proportion of inhaled menthol (as conjugates)
within 3- 4 hours
of stoppinq smoking. Peak urinary excretion rate
was during
the smoking period, after which the rate fell
rapidly. Menthol
wits not detected in the urine of any smokers
following
exposure (31, 20).
The general picture is that menthol is rapidly
absorbed,
metabolised and excreted in the urine. There is no
evidence
of accumulation of the compound in the blood of
smokers during
smoking. Animal studies indicate that even at
extremely high
dose levels the material has no detectable
toxicity.
Contract Studies
The draft reports on Experiments Bll (PCL/SRT) and
BIO (BATFLAKE) were completed during a brief final
visit to
Frankfurt. - Printing has been delayed because of
the
reorganisation of the printing section in
Battelle, but copies
should be available early in may.
The two long-term skin painting experiments in
progress
at Huntingdon Research Centre are proceeding
satisfactorily.
GO
Although increased numbers of papillomas and a few
suspected
co
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5
malignancies have been recorded in Experiment B14
(added
nicotine), the numbers are still too low to draw
provisional
conclusions. When this situation changes, detailed
results
will be circulated. The experiment on ventilated
cigarettes
(B15) has been in progress since December 1977;
the number
of early deaths was low. The modifications to the
JANUS
computer system are nearing completion and it is
anticipated
that the data from the current experiments will be
entered
into the system in the next quarter via a terminal
which is
to be installed at H.R.C. This system will allow
access to
the data file from G.R. & D.C. so that progress
can be
monitored as required. It should also reduce the
work load
and time taken at the end of each experiment to
create a
valid masterfile for analysis.
PRODUCT RESEARCH
Sensory and Preference Research
Continuing interest in the analysis of tobacco
aromas
has led to the development of an improved
headspace sampling
device for use in conjunction with a gas-liquid
chromatograph
(15). Headspace analysis may now be obtained at
pre-selected,
accurately controlled temperatures between ambient
and 100'C.
Single cigarettes, pipe tobaccos, packaging
materials and
other liquids and solids can be examined
conveniently using
this new apparatus. The improved temperature
control enhances
both the reproducibility and the ability to detect
compounds
of low volatility in the headspace. Projects in
which this new
device has been applied include one relating to a
pipe tobacco c::~
and another associated with off-odours in
cigarette packaging. CZ)
C-0
U1.4
---I
Further efforts to trace the origins of the
subjectively 110
assessed irritation of cigarette smoke (22) have
involved a
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study of the effects of filter variables
(material, pressure
drop, and plasticiser). An increase in the
pressure drop of
both cellulose acetate and paper filters had the
effect of
reducing irritation whereas the use of
plasticisers had a
negligible effect on irritation. When these
results are
considered in conjunction with previous work, the
indications
are that both the particulate and vapour phases of
the smoke
make a contribution to the perceived irritation.
Methods for the subjective evaluation of odour
from
packaging and its potcntial to taint cigarettes
have been
developed and details of suggested panel
procedures distributed
to Associates. In support of these procedures, an
experiment
was undertaken (16) which confirmed the ability cf
an untrained
group to determine reliably the level and quality
of a series
of complex odours and which provided further
guidance for the
operation of odour assessment panels.
A programme of work has been initiated on the
natural
flavour of tobacco with a view to improving the
taste of
low-delivery products (e.g. 10mg or less TPM). The
starting
point used has been the preparation of extracts of
tobacco
using ice-cold water (British Patent 989, 703 to
B.A.T).
The extracts, concentrated by freeze-drying, are
applied to
low-delivery cigarettes for subjective assessment
and O/WP
examination. The initial results showed smaller
effects than
expected from the amounts of extracts added. The
reasons for
this are still being explored.
During. the period Dr. Massey visited the
laboratories
of B.A.T in Hamburg to discuss their programme of
flavour
research.
A report dcscribing simple least squares multiple
regressions of the elements of taste and flavour
profile on to
the peak areas of the O/I-IP-GLC scan has been
issued (23).
These regressions reveal several highly
significant correlations
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- 7 -
between the taste and flavour profile and the
O/VIP-GLC scan.
It is emphasised that these regressions do not
allow for
the correlations amongst the variables being
considered,
and the regression equations obtained must
therefore be
viewed with caution since they are not necessarily
cause and
effect relations.
Cigarette Design Studies
Two parallel projects (coded SISKIN and DAHLIA)
were
carried out to validate the Total Product Design
procedures
(7). Two popular brands were redesigned with
reductions in
blend cost of I- 2p/lb. The redesigned products
were
subjected to consumer testing in Hong Kong and the
U.K.
respectively. In each case the coded redesigned
product
was compared with a coded version of the normal
product and
the current branded product. The initial findings
were
difficult to interpret but after much discussion
and some
further testing it was concluded in both cases
that although
the redesigned product was not an exact match for
the coded
version of the normal product, it was in fact
preferred and
judged to be more like the current branded
product. The
Total Product Design procedures were therefore
considered
to have been validated and are now to be used in
some
selected commercial applications.
An application of the puff duplicator to measure
the
degree of ventilation of unlit cigarettes has been
reported (17).
It was found that, whereas for some cigarettes the
degree of
ventilation decreases with increasing puff flow
rate, for
other cigarettes the converse applies. Although,
for the
brands examined so far, this effect is small, it
might be a
factor related to consumer acceptability.
C.XD
Approximate!,, 200,000 measurements of gas
temperatures
and concentrations inside the burning coal of a
cigarette have I'D
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- 8 -
been summarised into contour diagrams for times
before,
during and after a puff. One of the more striking
observations
is that earlier puffs leave residues that
influence the contours
in succeeding puffs.
The model for calculating the diffusional loss of
carbon
monoxide from a cigarette rod and the dilution by
incoming
air has been improved to give very good agreement
with
experimental data.
A project to determine the effects of changing the
porosity of cigarette papers from 100 to 2,000
W.T. units
on the deliveries of TPM, nicotine, water and
carbon monoxide
is well under way. The experimental results have
been
completed and these are being analysed and
interpreted.
A project to determine the effect of zone
perforated
tippings supplied by Benkert on smoke deliveries
has been
completed experimentally and again the results are
being
analysed.
A carefully enginecred version of the smoke
sampler
described in a report last Autumn has been
manufactured and
gives reproducible stream splitting over a range
of flow
rates. It is being used to estimate the retention
of smoke
in the human respiratory system.
Filters
A report has been issued ( 8) covering further
work on
the.filtration of nitric oxide by carbon
impregnated with
4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidino-oxy. Only
carbons
were effective carricrs fbr this additive and some
carbons
were more suitable than others. The effectiveness
of the
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- 9 -
carbon/nitroxide increased
from the tobacco rod
cigarette delivering
by 30%, whilst for a
oxide was reduced by
with 71, of nitroxide
as the delivery of nitric oxide
decreased. For example, for a
350 wg, the nitric oxide was reduced
cigarette delivering 75 pg the nitric
60% when 100 mg of carbon impregnated
was present in the filter.
Studies at Southampton on nitrosamines in
cigarette
smoke indicated that cellulose acetate acts as a
selective
filter for N,N-dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA). A
limited study
has now been made to examine this effect and
extend the work
to other filter materials (5). It was confirmed
that cellulose
acetate and also carbon have high filtration
efficiencies for
DMNA, whereas paper filters showed no selectivity
and resins
only marginal effects. Polypropylene filters
occupied an
intermediate position. It was estimated that a
triple filter
of cellulose acetate and MF3 carbon should remove
90% of DMNh
and 30% TPM from mainstream smoke.
Three samples of carbons imported from S.E. Asia
and
Brazil and supplied by a U.K. company have been
examined.
All these were effective for removing vapour phase
smoke
constituents and provide alternative sources of
carbon for
use in filters, if required.
Development of Techniques
A sensitive method has recently been developed for
estimating alkyl pyrazines in tobacco and filters
(4).
The new method has been used to survey the
concentrations
of alkyl pyrazines in a number of brands. All
blend types
contained detectable levels but only very low
levels were
present in flue-cured tobaccos. Of the U.S.
blended cigarettes
studied, Merit and Mprit Menthol had the highest
levels of
alkyl pyrazines, particularly tetra methyl
pyrazine. It is CXD
likely that this is added as part of the top
dressing flavour. __-j
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10 -
It also appears that R.J. Reynolds use trimethyl
pyrazine
in the flavour formulation of some of their
brands. Alkyl
pyrazines are also generated during the redrying
of Burley
tobacco and the effects of redrying temperature
and time
have also been investigated.
A procedure for measuring acrolein and other
a,6-unsaturated compounds in the vapour phase of
cigarette
smoke has been developed (10). The method permits
at least ten
"identified" compounds to be measured
quantitatively. The
method could find wide application since acrolein
and other
a,a-unsaturated compounds are known irritants and
the results
could be of considerable interest in product
development.
A Filtrona free burning rate meter has been
purchased
and evaluated (30). The results of the evaluation
showed
that the operator variability is improved and that
the operator
time is reduced considerably when this instrument
is used.
Spoilage of tobacco by mould growth is a common,
but
largely preventable, occurrence. The growth of
moulds is
controlled principally by water availability,
which is usually
expressed as equilibrium relative humidity, but
the relationshi
of this measurement to oven moisture content
varies with the type
of tobacco. A simple method for determining the
RH:moisture
content relationships of tobaccos and hence safe
moisture levels
for storage has been defined (27). It utilises an
electronic
RH sensor and signal converter (Lee Dickens Ltd.).
Only
modest quantities of tobacco are required (e.g.
500g) and an
isotherm cin be constructed from a single day of
tests.
However, the instrument is not considered
sufficiently robust
for.routine use in redrying plants.
Brand and Market Studies
Studics have bcen made of the brand R6 from
Reemtsma,
West Germany, in comparison with other Reemtsma
brands and
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- 11 -
with other manufacturers' brands with similar tar
deliveries.
The methods used have been blend and smoke
analysis (2) and
tip analysis (3). It was concluded that,although
there was
evidence from sensory assessment and O/WP analysis
that the
flavour amplitude of R6 was comparable with that
of brands of
higher tar delivery, no direct evidence could be
found for the
claim of an aroma transfer process.
A report has been issued (28) in which cigarette
brands
have been ranked according to their cysteine
indices and the
rankings have been compared with those for other
smoke
constituents: TPM, nicotine, carbon monoxide and
nitric
oxide. The cysteine index rankings closely
resembled those
for TPM and carbon monoxide but there was little
correlation
between the nitric oxide deliveries and the
cysteine indices.
Tobacco Growing
Scientists in Japan have shown that good growth
rates
and efficiencies can be achieved by growing
undifferentiated
tobacco plant cells in aseptic suspension
cultu--e, in contrast
to our experience with tobacco plant roots.
However, rates.
of nicotine synthesis achieved by undifferentiated
tobacco
cells have been reported to be very low. An
attempt has been
made to stimulate nicotine production by the use
of plant
hormones (29). Whilst it was confirmed that
undifferentiated
tobacco cells grew faster than roots, the attempts
to stimulate
nicotine production were unsuccessful.
SMOKER RESEARCH
C=>
(Z:>
co
Benefits of Smoking
A considerable part of the Smoking Behaviour
section's
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12 -
time this quarter has been devoted to preparing
and editing
papers for the forthcoming book "Smoking
Behaviour: Physio-
logical and Psychological Influences", the
proceedings of the
B.A.T Smoking Behaviour Conference held at
Chelwood in
November 1977. Some 31 papers were processed and
are now
with the publishers, Churchill Livingstone.
As part of collaborative studies with Dr. M.A.H.
Russell,
a further scries of smoking behaviour
measurements, made by
Dr. Russell, have been processed at Southampton.
In order
to process this data it has been necessary to
write a
computer program to discriminate between the
behavioural
measurements and background noise.
Consumer Behaviour
The aims and objectives for a new programme of
research
to consider the consumer, his needs and his
behaviour, have
been determined. Planning of the first phase of
this work
is under way.
PROCESS AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH
Tobacco Processing
A report has been issued on the evaluation of
cigarette
weight savings resulting from the incorporation of
flue-cured
cut tobacco expanded using the DIET, G-13 and
G-13C processes
(14). The cigarette weight savings, at equal
firmness, were
determined for expanded tobacco incorporated at
5%, 10% and
15% of each treated lamina in the parent cigarette
blend. U3
The DIET process gave weight savings of about
7-"*,, at 10%
inclusion which is at least as good as for the
G-13C process.
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Overall, all the processes gave weight savings in
line with
those predicted in an earlier report. Some
reduction in
particulate phase smoke deliveries and puff number
occurs,
principally reflecting the reduction in tobacco
weight.
However, at 5Z and 10% inclusion, reductions tend
to be
obscured by normal sample and measurement
variation.
Filter Manufacture
The problem of defining and measuring the pressure
drop
of non-wrapped acetate filters is currently a
subject of
much discussion and concern. An examination has
been made
of the effect of radial pressure on the pressure
drop of
filters, both wrapped and unwrapped (9 ).
Particular
recommendations have been made for the measurement
of the
pressure drop of NWA filter rods but the results
of the
examination may be of wider interest in the
general study
of the physical properties of filter rods.
The predictive equation for filter hardness
developed
three years ago has been examined using data from
several
companies in the Group (18). It appears that, with
the
exception of tow crimp form, the equation is not
sensitive
to the source of materials or to the filter
production
machinery. Therefore, it has been recommended that
the
equation should be retained in the M.S.D. filter
tow selection
programme on an extended trial basis.
General
A second edition of the Standard Test Procedure
for the
measurement of noise cmitted by machinery has been
prepared ( G)C.-:)
Although the underlying concept of the original
edition, CD
U0
issued nine years ago, remains valid, this
revision brings
the procedure into line with current national and
international I-ID
standards and with presont operating practices. c0
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NEW SMOKING MATERIALS RESEARCH
Non-Tobacco Smoking Materials
Deficiencies in the ash of cigarettes containing
BATFLAKE
Mark 3 may be reduced by including, in the
BATFLAKE formulation,
3- 5% sodium carbonate (19). The ash quality of
BATFLAKE
containing 5% sodium carbonate is comparable to
that of
cigarettes containing CYTREL, while that for
cigarettes
containing 25% NSM is appreciably inferior to that
of
cigarettes containing an equivalentamount of
CYTREL. The
inclusion of sodium carbonate in BATFLAKE produced
useful
reductions in the deliveries of hydrogen cyanide
and formaldehyde.
Changes in the deliveries of other smoke
constituents are attributed
to the increase in puff number which accompanies
an increase
in the sodium carbonate content of BATFLAKE. NMFI
values
increase with sodium carbonate content of BATFLAKE
but, up to
the 5% level, are no more than for an all-tobacco
control
cigarette. The work completed to date on BATFLAKE
Mark 3 now
allows a definitive formulation containing 5%
sodium carbonate
to be proposed.
Tobacco-Based Smoking Materials
Although the addition of potassium bicarbonate to
PRT
reduces the deliveries of TPM, carbon monoxide,
nicotine,
hydrogen cyanide and, possibly, nitric oxide and
formaldehyde,
an exceptionally high increase in NMFI value was
obtained.
Additionally, WOODROSE panellists found the smoke
unacceptable,
even at a 30% level of incorporation of PRT in a
flue-cured
blend. It is thus concluded that potassium is an
unacceptable
additive for PRT (13). For 100% PRT cigarettes
containing 6%
CIC
or more potassium abnormally high puff-by-puff
pressure drops (-A
were obtained. This has been attributed to a
modification of
the character of the coal.
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A comparison of different production reconstituted
tobaccos, obtained from various companies within
the B.A.T
Group, has shown that, although there are
differences between
the O/WP profiles of the various samples of RTS
and cigarettes
examined, several overall patterns emerge (21).
The O/WP
profiles of cigarettes made entirely from the
various
individual RTS samples, compared with those from
cigarettes
made from tobacco blends which included the
appropriate RTS,
produced similar ratio plots. Comparisons based on
average
values for chemically grouped components show that
all RTS
samples are remarkably similar. A plot of pyridine
levels
against cyclic aldehyde levels produced a clear
distinction
between RTS samples and tobacco blends but not
between PCL
and SRT/PJS samples. In general RTS samples would
appear to
be somewhat more "flue-cured" in character than
the tobacco
blends examined.
O/WP scans from cigarette blends of tobacco and
smoking
materials, including reconstituted tobacco, which
contain
cellulosic derivatives such as sodium
carboxymethyl cellulose
(SCMS) and methyl cellulose (MC), contain peaks
not previously
observed from tobacco alone (12). O/WP scans from
cigarettes
made from shredded films show that MC produces at
least 15 peaks,
and SCMC 10 peaks, not observed from tobacco. Of
these peaks,
5 are common to both cellulosic derivatives.
Additionally
both SCMC and MC produce peaks of identical
retention time,
but of different composition, to those produced
from tobacco.
CD
C3
L-J-4
cz:>
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REFERENCES
Reports Issued
1. RD.1551 Restricted Retention of Inhaled Smoke
Particles in the Rat Respiratory
System
2. RD.1554 Restricted Evaluation of R6 and Other
Reemtsma
Brands - Part I: Blend and Smoke
Analysis
3. RD.1557 Restricted Evaluation of R6 and Other
Reemtsma
Brands - Part II: Tip Analysis
4. RD.1558 Restricted Alkylpyrazine Levels in
Tobacco
5. RD.1559 Restricted Filtration of
N,N-Dimethylnitrosamine
from Cigarette Smoke
6. RD.1560 Unclassified Standard Test Procedure
for the
Measurement of Noise Emitted by
Machinery - Second Report
RD.1561 Restricted Validation of the Total Product
Design
Procedures - Projects SISKIN and DAITLIA
8. RD.1563 Restricted The Filtration of Nitric
Oxide
9. RD.1564 Restricted The Measurement of Pressure
Drop of
Filter Rods - The Effect of Radial
Pressure
ZD
10. RD.1565
Unclassified CD
The Determination of Acrolein and (=)
Other a,$-Unsaturated Compounds in 00 DO
(-A =:>
Cigarette Smoke CC)
document for Province of British Columbia 23 April
1999


18 -
23. RD.1585 Restricted Relation between GLC Scans
and Taste
and Flavour - Part II
24. RD.1589 Restricted Studies on Mucus Production
(First
Report)
25. L.559 Unclassified An Automated Animal
Weighing System
26. L.562 Restricted Evaluation of Carbons from
South
East Asia and Brazil
27. L.563 Unclassified Growth of Fungi on Tobacco:
Develop-
ment of a Method for Determining
RH: Moisture Equilibria
28. L.564 Restricted Ranking of Swiss Brands by
the
Cysteine Index
29. L.565 Restricted Tobacco Cell Suspension
Culture
30. L.566 Unclassified An Evaluation of the
Filtrona Free
Burning Rate Meter Mark II
31. Biological Report B47 (I[L(E)Ltd) A Human
Volunteer Smokin.:j
Study on Mentholated Cigarettes
32. Biological Report B48 (HL(E)Ltd)
Pharmacokinetic Studies
on (3H)-Menthol in Man
Publications
BAKER, R.R. (1978). Kinetic Parameters from the
Non-Isothermal
Decomposition of a Multi-Component Solid.
Thermochimica
C:)
Acta, 23, 201 C:D
C-0
U~4
BAKER, R.R. and CRELLIN, R.A. (1977). The
Diffusion of Carbon CX:)
C=>
Monoxide out of Cigarettes. Beitr. Tabakforsch., 9
(3), 131---J
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April 1999


19 -
BINNS, R., LUGTON, W.G.D., WILTON, L.V. and DYAS,
B.J. (1978).
Deposition of Smoke Particles in the Respiratory
System
of Rats under Various Exposure Conditions.
Toxicology,
9, 87-102.
SMITH, G. (1978). Structure of the Normal Rat
Larynx.
Lab. Animals, 11, 223-228.
co
U1.4
c0
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 23
April 1999


19 a
REPORTS NOT INCLUDED IN PROGRESS REPORT FOR
JANUARY TO APRIL 1978
1. RD.1555 Restricted Project KEW: Understanding
the
Terms used by Consumers to Describe
the Smoking Characteristics of
Cigarettes
2. RD.1562 Restricted Tobacco and Smoke
Glycoprotein
Studies
3. RD.1567 Unclassified Comparison of U.T.C. and
Rembrandt
Filter Data
4. RD.1577 Restricted Examination of Rothmans SL
5. RD.1583 Restricted A Mould Growth Problem in a
Cut
Tobacco Store (Rag Room) in
Guatemala (Tabacalera Nacional S.A.)
6. RD.1586 Restricted
7. L.560 Restricted
Improvement of Low Grade Malaysian
Flue-Cured Tobacco
Microbiological Examination of
Brazilian Flue-Cured Tobacco
1977 Crop
CZ>
(=D
C-0
00
C=)
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 23
April 1999