ME-MOR'NDU.X TO: ROGER DUNC.I.N FRCA: R.S.G. C*-ESTER DATE: November 13, 1988 RE: BAT RE i7C This printout renresents a search of the SOCIOLOGICAL ABSTRACTS database on the Dialog svszem using the searches of "To'cacco Advertisina" and "C_~-.arette Advertising". i/L/l 2C66877 88TS719 Comparison of Cigare-7te and Alcohol Advertising Co==vers4es Sc-uster, Camille P.; Powell, Christine Pacelli V4--inia Polvtechn~c Instit & State U, Blacksburg 2-;061 Journal of Aaverzfs_~ng 1987, 16, 2, 26-33. CODEN::0A--:7 PUB. YEAR: 1987 COUNTRY 0.7 PUBLIC'-7:ON: United States LANGUAGE: English DOCUMENT TYPE: Abs7ract of Journal Article (aia) AVAILABILITY: Hardcopy reproduction available f=om UM--, Ann Arbor, M-1 An. examination of the issues surrounding the ban cn cigare-.te advertising, t~-e similaritv between the antia-cohol & the ant4c4carette campaigns, & ~he im-olications for advertisers --rv. -a n the alcohol--c beverage indus The history c= cigare-_t advertising is traced & the effect of legislaticn on it discussed. The historv of alcohol advertising is also presented & c=parisons & implications are of-fered. Since t Ihe issue of drunk driving will continue -= present a devastating & dramatic picture to the public, t--e issue of what to do abcu-,: alcohol beverage advertising w-'"-! continue to bann_-ng such ~o be prominent. Several alternatives advert__~sing are presented. 1 Table, 1 Figure, 5Z References. HA (Ccoyright Mod _4 f- e d 1988, Sociological Abstracts, inc., all rights reserved- ) DESCRIPTORS: Advertising (DO11100); Smoking (0778500);: Alcoholic Beverages (D023100); Drunk Driving (D233310C) 1DENTIFIERS: cigare-_` te vs alcohol advertising contrcversies; SECTION HEADINGS: sociology of health and medicine- s-ubstance use/ab,use & =z.,ulsive behaviors (drug abuse, ad,"ct4cn, a-!cohc!4.sm, gamt--4ng, eating disorders, etc.) (-ZZ79) l/ L/2 2063116 8376843 Alcohol and Cigaretze Advertising in Ms. Magazine Minkier, Meredith, Lawrence; Madden, Patr-4---a BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 Dep-t & Adm4_n_'s-_ra--'ve Health Sciences Sc~,ocl Publ-c U Calfforn_-_, Serkelev 94720 Journal He=--7'- Policv 1987, 6, 2, summer, 154-179. CODEN: PUB. YE.-R: 7-1:37 COUN7=Y Z-F Un_Jted States LANG*~:!G"Z: En=:-4s- DOCU..'E"T TY--=-: A--st1ra=-_ of journal Art-cle (aja) An of at-vertising policies of males. magazine, focused on adver7-saments for alcohol & cigarettes. In general, magazine-s 7nat carrv news items on harmful effects c-4 ~-cbacca tend -_:> lose tobacco advertising & to suf-4er cz'ner pena!7-4es. --ontent analysis of major advertising carried In 4 of Health" issues of males. published 1982-333-:986 & of -_' randomly selected comparison issues from ~~-q same years, as well as ed~torial & storv content m e n n -4n. alcc~-c:. & tobacco (number of cases c-4 adver-:-'semen-ts = _ reveals alcohol as the single product azzear4_nz in the !_=rzest share of advertisements; cigarettes a=ne-==- in rellative_-, few advertisements, but these are often n nrom-nenz loca7_4ons, such as the back cover. These prod-.;cts are often associated with fitness, wealth, romance, & c*-alleng-ina of -:raditional sex roles- A review of males. =c - - 7 es cf conten7S -4or all issues through May 1986 reveal s 183 articles concerned with health-related touics, none of w*--'='- menzioned a:cohol or tobacco in the ~itle; nor is role as a health risk emnhasized in the content of ar-_~c-_es cr s-tor-4as. 5~ Tables, 30 ~eferences. W. F. Stoddar,; DESC'2--?T-,RS: smok-4nz (D778500); Alcohol Use (D022800); Advez---fsLng Magazines (D481500) IDENT:F:Z: RS: healt'--rs:ated a-cohol/cigare+--.e art_4cles, Ms. magazi I ne, adverl~.fssing policies' imoact; content analys-s; adver---se~ents/art-4=1'es; 1983-1-986; SECT:CN, =Zn.D~NGS: fs:niniist/gender studies- feminis-. studies 2 9 59- I/L/--- 2061377 8 8 1 7 1 Women, Smzk-~ng, C4;.gar=--:7e Adve=-zfsing and Cancer Ex-is,zer, Virz-4n-Ja L. -nternatfonal Health School Medicine U Dept Epidemiology & ~ Ca-4-cr-n4a, San Frmnc4sco 94143 Women and Fealt~, 11, 3-4, fall-winter, 217-235. CODEN: WC'____D: PUB. YE.l.': IS36 COUNTRY _-F F"B'_Z-C..%T-Z0N: United States LANGUAGE: Enalis~ 'NT 7Y- DOCUXE FEE: A-~.strazz aff Journal Article (aja) SUBF:!-:: SOP0--A C-gar-a-z-_9 s.,rn,!,_4nc is E major cause of cancer ;n women, ac=L;n~:i4ng for 25& of their estimated 219,000 cancer BATCo docurnent for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 - 3 deaz'-s per year. C'7===,:te smoking specifically increases a wcmen' s r _f Sk c f ~-z_-.-__"oping cancer of the iung, larynx, esonhagus, cral pancreas, kidney, bladder, & possib_v csr-:ix. During the past twenty years, concer7ed been made by the tobacco industry to Jnc=ease -tales women. Strategies have included developmenz of branfs targeted exclusively to females, eg, Virginzia S--ms, s_1,_':_, nedia campaigns portraying smoking as elecan-I & a-_amoroL:=. & sponsorship of fashion, women's spo=7s even-zs, & medical programs. Reversal of these alarm_4ng -::rsnds rs=---res that women, as well as men, recogn-4ze --'-e role cf =-4aarette smoking in cancer causation, & support cr:)grams promote nonsmoking as well as combat the influence of 7--= tobacco industry on women's smoking be~,avicr. 5 '~ic_ures, --7 References. HA -7 ORS: Smokina :-78500); Females (D296700); Indust DESCR =ial Enterprffses (D391180C - '!ass Media Effects (D497400~ IDENT_7F-__7RS: women's smoking behavior, tobacco industry's inf-uence, nadia s-:=-_=q4es' effects; SECTION scc-=-- welfare- marital & family problems ( 6 I/L/4 2058046 88T46-2--' Children's Awareness c-t Cigarette Advertisements and Brand Imagery Aitken, P. P. ; leathar, ::. S. , O'Hagan, F_ J. ; Squair, S. 1. Dept Marketing U Strat'-=--.de, Glasgow G4 ORQ Scotland British journa: of Add_'=-:_~c~n 1987, 82, 6, June, 615-622. -AH CODENI:SJA~ PUB. YEAR: 19E7 COUNTRY .37 PUE_-:--AT70N_, -_'nited Kingdom LANGUAGE: Engl-4sh DOCUMENT TYPE: Abstracz :--- journal Article (aja) Previcus qua-7-4--a-tive research has suggested that an adult-like percep7ion of the fmagery in cigarette advertisements develops b=-:ween zne aces of 10 & 14. Interview data from 726 c~ildrsn aced ~5-17 in Glasgow, Scotland, reveal that manv cider _nrimarv zchool children have a rudimentary awareness z:= e -=and personalities" projected in the oblique cizarette a---.-a=tisements permitted in the United Kingdcm, fcr they are able to identify cigarette brands in "pu=zle" ad-.-ert_4semz_n-:s that do not reveal brand names. Amcna seccndarv sc"nool children, proportJonately more smokers tha7. nonsm--kers report that they have seen the 1v & are able to correctly identify advez-z-~semen-:s -_rev-:-_s~ the brands. It' is ::ncluded that cigarette advertising is def_'n_'-_elv zetting 7-rough to young people, particularly uncerace 3 T-st-es, 8 References. Modified HA DESCR:PTO~S: Gl-asgow, Sc=7-and (D330000); Advertising (DO11100) Smokin= (D77E5:Z1; Children (DI24500); Adolescents CIN (Y' BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 , :; C, 0 8 4 C C .1 I:: EN T : F I "E ~ S C -4,z ar e r -_ i s -4:1 a, children's awareness, 'I . asgow, S==-,land, S-7C7:'-N FzA_-:';.GS: t~a and socialization- adolescence & 20-5-4.073 8 3 T Z 7 Cu rren-_ Trends in CJgare77_= Idverzising and Marketing Da-vis, Ronaled X. 0 -f f i a e Smokinz & :.: e a !,:,- Center Health Promotion & Education -'asase Ccn=- 5--CO Fishers Lane Park Rm 1-10 enters D Rockville V:~ 208517 Tte New Enc-and Jc-~:rna_ =-z Medicine 1987, 316, 1-2, 19 Mar, 725-732. C2::E%N:NE:%--G Fl=-. YEAR: 19Z7 C::','\TRY 0'7 States D=;XENT TYPE: A~=_=:7 :f :Z'~;rnal Article (aja) Z;'-IT --Y: available from Sm and UMI, A 'n - n Ar-cr, X- Current 'Crends in S-zates cigarette adver-.ising marketing are exarn`n=__~. According to the Federal Trade Ccmmissicn, total :_4=arette advertising & promotional excend-4--uress reacned S:.! billion in 1984. From 1974 through 7984, tc--a- increased approximately se-.enfold, or three---=:d after st-uszment according to '.-e consumer 19- c4garet- -;sing ex=enditures r- ce i- a-.:. in le advert- accounted for 22.3%, - . I -% , & 0.8%- of totall advertising expendituras in cu-_~_:=r media, magazines, & newspapers, res-oectfve1% . Whe:i a-I croducts & services were ranked accord_~nz z,) naz . onal =~vertising expenditures, cigarettes were firs7 -4- z~-e :~;-_zccr media, second in magaz-4nes, & -~rd in proportion of tota- cigarette - news=acers. 7~e advertis_~-= & expenditures devoted to nromoti,cn.a_7 ac-::iv_-_fas :-.-zs increased steadily, from 25.5* in ,975 -,c 47.5-~ in 19E- 'IT'he proportion of expendit.'res for cizaret7es yielding 15 ma or less of "tar" has --ncreased suostan7fallv & *-as czns~s~entlv exceeded the domestic 7 ' .market s,are o-- --.ne== ciaarettes. The fastest growing 4--es markets are d.:.sccun,:=_= cigaret. & brands ccn=aining 25 c`qaret.=es per pa::k. Several advertising campaigns have targeted wc7,en, & blue-collar workers- The study of~ these marketin= --rends sl-ould assist health cff-cials in "entif-.ing & p:e-_4_4c== patterns of c-igare-.-::e use & in developin= healt'- pr=7.=-4cn. programs that cvun-:eract the c-_~ adve=isinz bby incorporating similar, effective I:echnicues. 3 Tables, Z Figures, 90 References. ;;.:% DE_--C--:?TGRS: Smoking (D77_=5:C1: Health Policy (0352S,'.C';; United Sta,:es of America (D89:-:2) : -- 1 E R S : cicarazza -z-~-.-er-_ising/marketina trends, health LIn C-) D BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 ;rc:m::-:_Jon procram _974-1985; SECTICN FEAD:N*GS: -__f `ealth and medicine- soc-4o-ogy of medic-'ne ___; (2045) social change and eccnomic develocmen:- sz=uctures & consumer behavior (0749) 1/L/6 2053-50 88T1674 Media Con7ent and Tobaczc An Unhealthy Addicz-on Weis, William L. ; Burke, Albers School Business U, WA 98122 Journal of Communica-_~-:n 36, 4, autumn, 59-69. CODEN: jCMNA.A PUB. YEIR: 1986 COUNTRY OF PUBLICATZCN: Sz-_=_-_=_s LANGUAGE: English DOCUMENT TYPE: Abstr-=c-.: :f Article (aia) AVAI'LAS:11TY: Hardccnv available from SA and ULMI, Ann_Arbor, M-1 Use c= unreculated mass- mef_ta_ 7:,- convey the health hazards of s,mck-nc & to en-cou=_==a ~_z:nckfng cessation is today severely limi7ed because of 7=tacco industry's influence over ed_tzrial contern-- of -:-asa -nadfa. The scone of this de facto censcrshio is documen-_sd an analysis of primary sources, 4nc!-_:ding magazines, ta-ev-4s-on, & movies, & a review of prevf_ous studies. T.-s effec-_ of this censorship on the percep - pu ticn ::--- 7'- health risks from smoking is 'b'a wi~ 4n. the tradition of a free discussed & ooss~ press & an unreau!=_-_=_4_ -_--tac-co industry are suggested. 1 Figure, 29 References. '~::,_4_fisd AA DESOR:=TCRS: Smoking f:-7_=!:0`-; Mass Media Effects (D497400); ;a, Enzerzr:.zes Censorshiu (D114600); n, Publ-c: Op-;n-4on (0681~-__'., Substances (D872700) I DE N. T _- F : -7 R S : smok-4na he-aa-z'n '-s=ards, pub-, ic's perceptions, US mass media's inf luence c=_nscrs*-_=: SECT:-I%* 1--*--ADINGS: mass p-_n=msna- mass culture (08-0) l/L/7 2051302 87R2806 Tobacco :ndustrv Resccn_==_ 7= P-~;`__fc Health Concern: A Content Ana7ys-'s of Cigaze-,:-e -Js Warner, Kenneth E. Schcoll Public Fealth U Ann Arbor 48109-2029 Healt'n Education Quar-_er-_-.- 2, summer, !15-127. CODEN:HEZUDC PUB. YZA'-: 198p~ COUNTRY ---- PU5'__-CAT:CN: Szazes LANGUAGE: English DOCUMZNT TYPE: Abstz-acz cf ::-~:=na_ Article (aja) AVA:11-2:1-7TY: available frcm UA-, Ann A=tc=. MI Lr. CD BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 To assess t ob a c C c induszry tc counter adverse ...e ccntent of cicars=9 adz was ana!yzed in selected 4ssues c- T4me macaz~nz, for selected Years from 1929 to 1964. The anaivs-'s s~-,cws d~_rect res-~onses to health concerns 4n all of the ,ears cf major smoking- &-health "events, " wi-_~, t*-e poss-cle exception of 1-964, the year of the first Surgeon General's re=t. During these years, large percenzs of ads emphasizef health themes of the conventional c_~aarette ad imagary. Hea-zh-theme ads have a higher verbal cc;ntent than the more pic-:crial traditional ~~eis; & t;nd to emphasize the ads; they emcloy fewer mc fi-, , " sucn as scien---fically designed f-Iter & the low-zar cigarette. S-,;t=1e changes in cigarette advertisina include the elffmina~:_on of v_sible smoke from ads. A decade's concentration cn standart health themes, prompted by tne "tar wars" of tne 1970s, appears to have ended in the 1980s. Understand-ng ind,..;s-_-_y advertising tac-:-;cs can ass-,s-. public health =:Jfessiorals in developing ins-4ghts into the promc-c-on c-- smoking & in fo---rulating smoking con-=rol s-cratea-es. 2 Tables, 23 References. Mod-f-Jed HA DESCRIPTORS: United States of Amer-z-= (DS907CC); Publ-,c Health (D681000); Smoking (D778500); Adver7--sing (0011100) IDENTIFIERS: public smoking/hea-Ith c:nzern, t= bacco industry's advertising tacz-4cs; conten-_ analvs-s; cigarette advertisements, Time magazine, SECTION HEAD~NGS: SCC40logy cf hea!7'- and med-icine- sociology of rzed-c-ne (public health) (2045, I/L/8 2039520 87W63130 Socioeconom~c and Cult-_,ral IMp14Ca-4Cn_= of He=-:- interventions: The Case of Smckfna in Ethicpia Kitaw, Yavehvirad Dept Co-mmunity Health Addis Ababa U, Z-:*-_4op_`a Journal- of Public Health Polic,~ 7, 2, s-~;.mmer, 198-204. CODEN:JPPODK PUB. YEAR: 1986 COUNTRY OF PUBLICATION: United Sta--as LANGUAGE: English DOCUMENT TYPE: Abstract of Journal (a4a) SUBFILE: SOPODA The failure of developing countries to take active measures aga-*nst stricking are discussed, using Ethiocia as an example. The place of smokfng as a healt~ prol-lem, the economic role o:-E tobacco, & the influence c-E tobacco advert'-sing are explored. It is found that: smoking is increasing but not yet widespread, tobacco plays a sm-all but important economic role, & the health problems _'nked to smoking are minor comnared with those stemm-na fr= infect-_-us diseases. The Ne" ; Interna,::-4cnal Economic Crder is v-~ewed as a possible V, C;" BATCodocurnent for Legal Services: Health Canada 21 October 1999 C-C:~-Iomic base for political efforts to decreas=- --~,bacco przduction. 2 Tables, 24 References. K. Caran,;e :)Es;~':PTORS: --",4onia (0-269.100); Smoking (D77850C Health ?=b-lems (2353-100) -TDEN7---F--ERS: antismoking measures, Ethiopia, soc-ocul':ural/econ om-'c issues; S-7C--:ONI HEADINGS: social welfare- social problems in sccietties (61-50) 1/L/9 20386-37 87P-5819 Government Policv, Advertizinq and Tobacco Consumpt-' fn the U.K. A Criit-4cal Review of tne Literature Godfrev, Christine -RSC Addiction Research Centre U York, Y01 5DD Englan,-2 Br-4---sh Journal of Addiction 1986, 81, 3, June, 339--:---. A Al, ?IJB. YI-:AR: 1986 COUNTRY OF P'JS'-,ICA-!ION: United Kingdom LANGUAGE: English '~ j - .=act of Jou:nal Article (aja) DOC';X IN TYP77: Abs- SUBF---LE: SOPODA ere has been considerable debate about the need for s-:ronger Dc:icies to restrict the advertising of tobaccc in the ~.-tad Kingdom. Medical bodies have argued for a =mplete ban, but this has been opposed by tobacco compan-~=-s i the Ad-.re=-t-; =4 - ~ 1 -4 -g Association on ~the grounds that advert s ng does noz raise the level of tobacco consumption but ins7z-aad only a-fects brand shares. Empirical studies have been :'7ed by bc--h sides in support of their positions. Some of --hase are - -* ons & reasons crit-~callv reviewed, revealina their 1-4m Ia--- .C-= d4-~fering results. The relevance of t.-.ese s7%:4-4es in p=edict-fric the full consequences of an advert-4s-nz ban a c--her mcre general issues relating to the gcvernmnent's pclicv or, advertising tobacco are also considered. '---~-ally, scme aiternat-fve advertising policies available --,) the government, & their relationship to an overall =Iicy on tobacco consump~:-Jon, are discussed. 18 References. ::.! DESCR:PTORS: Great Britain (D337800); Smoking ~:-7_00); Advertis-4na (00111"rl); Government Policy (D333900) IDE=-F-----RS: tobacco advertising, medical bod-Jes' vs =bacao comnan-Jes' differina views; S'-7CT:CN H'EADINGS: social planning/pol-acy- sociai =1-4cy & decision-making sciences ( 7210) i 2G35' ' 726 87R3871 Consuming C~caretltes: On the Social Meanings of Work. laisure, and Pleasure in Cigarette Magazine Advert's-,nc Bernard, Godwin A. Citv U New Ycrk, NY 10021 Ln CD L-~ CD cill~, .3 BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 - 8 - 1- s Atszra:-:_= intterna-::ional, A: The Human_74es and '986, 4a Sc ieric -=s - 47, 3, Sent, 1081-A. COD---',: PUR. YZ"!~: 7-986 -CAT_'C'.': United States LA.NGUAGE: ang!-JS~, DOCUXENT TYPE: D-sser--ation (dis) AVA:-_A31-_:TY: For or_~sring information, sele the note f-s'd. NCT--: Ava-~-Iable frorr. '~Xl, Ann Arbor, MI. Order No. DA_2~-__327. DZS-CR:?T1-RS : Smokina (D778500);Advertising (D07!_::1; Mass M ed _4 -2 -E-4 -17 e c t s (D497400); Social Determinaticr. cf Meaning (D784-C) c-~gars=-ze advert- work/leisure Sex. -; sing, /race de=ic--forn, consumers' attitudes; content analysis; m-=m1azine adver7 -~sements; S E C 7: ON -EADINGS : mass phenomena- communication (0828) scciclcav of hea---h and medicine- substance uss a . muse & compu:s_4ve behav4-:,,rs (drug abuse, addñct-4on, a . _-:,-clism, cambi-mg, eating disorders, etc. ) (2079) 20144:8 E523943 The Smcke Ring: Pol-iti::s and Tobacco in the Third Worlt- Taylor, Fe7er Sout',ern Zxnosure -384, 12, 5, Sent-Oct, 37-48. PUB. YEA:;: 1984 COUN'7RY CF PUBLICATION: United States LANGUAGE': znclish DO=MIENT Abstract of Journal Article (aja) SUB.FF:_7E: SOPODA AVA:-_A31::-7_7: Hardcc=v revroduction available from S! ant UM.1, Ann Az**-,cr, M-T The "s,-4icke ring," defined as the ring of politica- & sz-onomic 4nteres-_s tha-- has protected the tobacco industry f:= twenty years, s no - - . w be4ng for~ed in the Third World. Gc*.*=__-nrnents of developing cc*~:_-itries are even more dependent cn -:obacco 7: *- an :'-csa in developed countries; i~ prov"as jobs, revenue, fore~an exchange, education, training, & pz:perity. II f Bra-41, .te case of one of the world's fastes---g=owing c-caret7e markets, is detailed. It is cia_~77sd that devellc=_~ng nations' dependence on tobacco is encz-~:zzced by the Un_4zed States qover;ment, which sees the Thir4 Wc=ld as a valuable market for exports; in 1981, nearly =-i- af- ail United Szates tobacco exports were to Asian countries. Since ,::'- e industry wcos customers & reassures them ::;f the des_-rabilit,~ of smcking through advertising, Th_~r-_ world ccvernments shcu74 ban cicarette advertising & ==nction. .he in--arests of public health dictate that smoking habit *-=- discouraced. K. Carande D E S Z ~ _- S : lndustr*.- (D393900); Smoking (077850C's. Brazil (0095-co); Deve-oping Countries (D213600); =:_-4t-,cs :54 0N BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 7 : F S : -cobacco developing countries, pollit_~cal Brazil, SE!-TTQN HPADINGS: szzial development- economic (6370) 201!520 =_=_:__460 The ?ol'-_-'::S ----: Healtl,: T~ie ZESe of Smokina Control Ca-:iar,, U Kent, C-=n~:srburv CT2 7NZ -:n=-'and Jc,-rna-"- :f Social polic-.' -984, 13, 3, July, 279-296. CODEN: JSC==:.-. PUB. COUNTRY CF -1:3 LIT CATION: Un_':ad States LANGUAC-7: =n=14sh DOCUMEN7 7:7-FE: Abstrac-- cf :=--:rial Article (a.4a) AV z. :77: Hardcopy re==:-_uct_4on available fror. SA and U.M1, Ann MI licies -:he control o-4 tobacco smcki-g in Gcvernmen7: =c~_ the n f -_ e a Kingd= have been charac--arized bv noninzer-.,ention_4st apprza=~,es such as public persuasion & 4 nd, , s-r ~ a' self -reguZa,:_'=, rather than more direct n--er 'ons `scal Jcy or control over tobacco ~like f_ - pol~ p - od 11; c -Z _4c n a sales. :~a--a obtained bv the Office of Popuia-_icn Censuses & S~.:rveys in 1963 indica~e that there has been a decrease _n smoking over the past ter, years; however, it is not knc-.-.n whether this can be aztribut-ed to gove=nment policy. E%r-_'-~snce from other count=-es suggests that direct legislazi= =cntrolling tobacco advertising has a m,-='- s-_zonger impac-~_ cn tobacco consumption. it is argued znaz -:ns gover-ment's ::::__cy position is determined by its vested -n-_erest ~r_ tne --a-ntanance of tobacco production for econ=niz reasons, as -all as a confusion af interests hea--'- ' & economic, t h _i: I the governmient itself. Suczes-:-':ns for pol"icy a-ianges are provided, along with f ac-tcrS that mighz ccnstrain their imnlementatio-. 49 References. Modified F,. DESCRIPTC~S: Tobacco (4657--~C); United Kingdom, UK ; (see also Br-4-:a-'n, E-gland, Grea-:: 'Britain) (477140); Policv, Policies ~33950_') IDENTIF:ERS: tobacco smck--nz control, UK, government policies; censuses, surveys; SECTION H_7.~.:):NGS: socioloc% of health and medicine- sociology of med-~c~-ne (public (2045) "i3 16701-3 8!~Z;552 Going Uc --n S:7oke: The Case cz- Srit-sh American Tobacco in Kenva C,-:,="-;e. Ray, Larry Ca=~_me_ U Lancaster, Bailrigg LA1 4YL sccia-_ Szlence and Medi--_4ne 1984, 19, 11, 1131-1139. CCDEN: CD BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 - ic - S S CX-i PUB. COUNTRY CF '7*_'B-----_:3N: Un~ted States LANGUAGE: _7n=__4Sn D0C'J1mENT 77=Z: of journal Article (aia) :n resccnse- --z --he developed countries' increasing restrictions 4s- ~_,g markets, on advert~ -ng & subsequently declin-1 the --cc-a=cc transnaticnals are opening marke-zs in newly deve:cc-n: caun=ies, where they face few controls & little heait'- ez,-c-azicn. The health consequences of this process t'rough a case study of British American are e-= :rst I Tobacz: "Kenva. L~:d, a subsidiary of aLondon-based trans.na-_* h local since 1974 has encouraged bot. leaf & increased cigarette sales inKenva. Exam-4n-z7:.:n of evidence on institutional re-ationships, marke-__'nz & possible public policies to combat smok_~n= S';==SSZ-= that, while this firm mav make minor concess~_=nsz to Kenya's health lobby, it is un-7-kely to be compe'!=~ 7:: make fundamentall changes in the near fu-cure. 4 Tab!-3S. D-'ESCi1?=-"_q: -cbac::,, (46=750); Market, Markets, marketing ; (see a-so Marke~_ research) (258500); Develop4na COUnt-JeS (1317-c- Kenva, Kenyan, Ken-vans (247494) !D= !=-rr=~z . :1 NI t=bacco market, developing countries; British Amer_4zan 7obaccc, Kenya, case study, SECTIZON szcioiogy of health and medicine-sociollogy of medic_'ne putlic tealth) (204.5) 1,1L/14 TV Adver-_~s~n= ~s ln-'-~:rious to Your ... Goldcf-~, , knn= C. john Cz:---* Cr-mfnal Just-ce City U New York, NY IC0119 Social _(7i, 7, 1, Mav-June, 26-31. C0DEN:S::7Y3Y1 PUB. YEA:-: '_:76 COUNTRY CF P'-*B-::ZAT:--N: Un-47ed States L;LNGUAGE: Enzlfs'- D0C1JMEN7T' Atszract of journal Article (aja) AVAILA311:7---: Hard=zcv renroduction available: document not on M3,cl i ion of the FCC (Federal Communi The 1967 BZnz~--z-` dec~s~ cations Ccmmiss_-zn: aPplying the fairness doctrine tc cigarette adver-:-'sa::s & ant_,smcKing commercials, illustrates the prcblems can fo-,-ow the making of a decisicn for the people w.-.= actuaily want the decision carried out. No def-4r._::_'cn of s~:andarrds for proper compliance was made by t the F_-Z. 1.'o effcr,: to define or enforce compliance was made until Sszn='~a_~ brcuaht a license revocation petit-on against WNBC-zalav--slan -'n New York. The FCC did not a-rant the petitizn. I---- d'4 order a new policy to be de%-eloped by & the 'Iwo other stations pe--itioned by BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999 3anz'haf's =ou=. !~:tem=-_s to extend the fairness docz=ine to czner commarcial adver,:_~sinq were not accepted by the FCC. T~ us, the --CC's essen-:-4al role has been to contain the cOunteradver-z:is4n= con=oversv & return control to the broadcasters. V.I. F. St_-_~dard D'ESCRIPTORS: Equal, Equality, Equalization (158570); Time (465000); Federal, Federalism (176165); Communication, Communica-_-~ons, Commun-'cative, Communicating, Communicator, Communi=aticnal (IC300G); Commission, Commissions, Commissioner (102865) IDENTIFI'7RS: fairness doctr--ne, Federal Commun-cations Commission's r-,;I--ngs, Polic-4es; antismoking vs cigarette 4sicn's "equal commerc-als, talev time," broadcasters' control; S---C--:CN HEADINGS: mass phen=ena-communication (0828) le 0 CD CY**, BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 October 1999