........ ...........
.... ... :
International experience
with Cigarette Advertising Bans
-E%idencc from other countries supgests that banning tobacco product advertising has not
discouraged smoking." I
Presidenies Council of Economic Advisers
li cigarette advernsing %vere a significant factor in smokiniz.. one would exocct to find ,note
a
smokiriz in those countries that allow such advicr"sine ii n in rhose countries that do not.
In 6encal. how,-ver. one @inds just &.e opposite. zarsderej irom -,h: Sandpoint oi
per cpnra consumpton or the percentage ot smokers. -o6acco, consumption appears
co be hizher in mant countries where advertising s torbiaden than in man% countries where
advertising is Fven more sigmficandy, rot-acco -:,oduc: corsurn;tion - both among
iduics arid young people - is dect;ninz in mar.-.- zounmes where advernsiniz is permi-ed
--vriile riz-easinz ;n countries where advemsznz @i zrohl,@ized.
a. Trends in smoking among young people in the United States
,he zez!inc in the r.,;Ldcncc or tobacco produce.: con@unilption amoniz bcrh 'exes for the
198- pcno@- n the United States is The or tcloazzo product
IN ,
adver-.ii.ng have va@-.lv exaggerated its influence-. as Taoi-, Or: bclo%,.- cars. Indeed,
@,er%vten 19-5 and LiiS-, there was a 30 ;er cent ,:sent in imok-ing among. iigh wnclot
@Cnior:I. irom :o 19 per cent. %leanwhile the:: W3S 3 zorresponding Increase of 1- per
cent :n :.-.e nunnocr of nigh school seniors %vho ha.' neve.- trorn 26 to 33 ocr cent.
TABLEONE
Smoking status per ztno of high school seniors Unized States 19-5 - S-
o" L@ III" P- " ~kam
V.- daily .04. last %-QWd
14-5 I 0 26
I @-6 i 0 6 2@
19-- 29 1 0 & 24
14-8 39
:6
1-10 9 1 29
9 42 29
1492 9 40
9 4 1 29
1434 B I 1 4 1 30
113S 1 9 39 3 L
3S 3 2
I0URC1:!1---,- -AR L-.- 0 %I, I-V. M'. W. J.- 464
4,W
ROPERENcts
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BATCO document for Province of Brifth Columbia 19 April 1999

......... ........... ........
According -.Iv smoking among male high school
to the US Surzeon Generai's 1939 report. da
sen.or@ Jrnppe-_4 z: an e@:!n sna. zer raz.-. rom a peak pre% aience or 29 per zenc .n 19-6 :a
16 per cent in 198- - .1 43 M.- cent decrease. Among teMalt! high school seniors, dalv
,nlok.ag decreaiec rrorr, a peak prevalen,:e of 30 per cent in '19-7 -,a 20 per ceric in 193.
33 per cenc decrease. The 4echn,! zmorig black high school seniors was especially itgniticam.
failina -0 per ;rnt, i-orr, _24 let @@nr in 14-6 to eight per cent in 198-.:
The trend among high whocl seniors is conskstenr with chose at other age groupi.
Among 20 to 24 .%ear olds. ior ercample. consumption fell from 4-3 per cent in 196S to 29
pe. cent in L 98-. Amoriz males n this age z:oup. consumption dropped trom 56.3 -,a 11A
net ;enr ben%een 1965 ar-- l9iV. Among females, it deciined .7orn 40.j to ZS.1 per cent?
Deicire a period of ncing advertising an@ -promotion expenditures by cLszarc:-.e
companies. smoking hi; je,knez Jramancall@ and across the board. These sractirics scarcc!v
supporr the thesis char onazzr) produc-, advernsing increases the incidence of smok-ing
among teenagers n the 'L:r.-.:ed4 Sz.2zes.
I . Smoking among juveniles in Finland. Sweden and Norway
F@nlanj and Norxav have bann-c zmaterre adverrising, and Sweden has ievertiv restric-.ed
su@n adverti@imz. Evitlenz.- -rorn :.face ccuntrics. howe-er. suzzests rr3r there me-nures have
been inef-ec-:%e n redu@:-,riz smoking among their voung people. Tobacco use among
retn.L%zers in Fmiand and Sweden is increasing. not decre3SL-1-2. The authors of 3 recent srud@
in zhe journal of the Nomvegian Medical Association -1990@. r"orr chat the advertising ban.
117 'nar count", has had -.a e;.:c- on the incidence of smoking in Norway.
In Finland. Tobacco Droduct advertising has been banned compie-ely since 19-3.
Universir: .-)' He.iinki eseircriers hive found rhaT smoking amon- juvenJes
increased actor imposition or rne nan.' This is in sharp contrast to smoking incidence amorz
chi: same age group berate the ban - which had been declining sharplv before the ad ban was
Lm;osed. In parricul3r. the incidence or smoking among 12 to 13 year olds of both sexes hj@l
been declining I@arpiy :n the rcnod. ;meeting the @-an in 19-8. but generally srabilise@
ber-ween 19-9 and 193;. Then. between 198S and 1987, the evidence 5howed 'a clear
in.:rtasc in srrokin;... among adolescents.' The researchers noted that the increase had been
greatest among @;irls aged 16 to IS - irom 25 per cent in 19-9-1985 co 31 Mr cenc in 198-5-
1118-. As the 1959 survey re-,or-, indicates. these -rends have nor shown any sign of
Weakening in 198--19S9: 'The percentage of 14 to 18 year olds who smoke dailv in 19S9
was greater than the resrecrivc percenrag.: when the Act on Smoking came into effect in
19-- 1p. 31 - 12 VCars carrier!
M. HO-- Ziq--: 11 1`1011. H.-=
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BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

....... ........... ......
A sz,_,c@ jus: publisher' in the Finnish Medical Gzzme' r"rts 'a slight increase' in smoking
am'IrL.. _-Juir men znd %omrn IJL.,t-. 13 to 64- '.re-nveen 19SS and I)90, The 3-utnors repor-.
char @aiiv smokint., amon-, aduk men increased -rom 35 per cent in 1988 to 36 per cent in
;nd amung .,jJ-, .-_:tased f orn 20 per zenr -.o per @xnc in
the sarne ptriod. The authors 5care char -the screa:--@c increase in smoking over rhc: two-year
alppcari Co be inionz vouna men.' Mort ztnerallv. the authors state char smok'int,
Inc._raseJ in Finland until 1976. two years bt.,o:! mbaczo product advernsirg was banned.
7-tr. -the consumption of tobacco products. and smoking among young people started to
fail. @iowcvcr. in the mid 1980'i the figures onct -nare started to rise, and on the basis of the
situation of the tark 1990's. smoking dots nor appear to be decreasing at the morrent.'
Ir. Swe@en. cobacco ad%ertising has betn severe'v restricted since 19-9. Tobacco
a@-.e.-%s,ng is prohibued on television. radio. -.ubliz transportation, poicers and in Iii-C
1::r:e:7:a. 3ornc ad\ernsinu iRuNcrations are zonated to the
in the prnt rnedia -S ;-C.ML[ted. 'DUE
Pick anJ zra%@ernark %,,irhout decorarr.: embellishment. and the tex: is limited to
-)r%@tz-.%c' inormation _toiir the -rrodtiv- s na7.::! and properties Ye:. the S%vez:sh Nartorat
SmaK.nz and Health Asioc:zition reported in 1533 ' that berwcen 1980 and 1982 - a,@rer
:mcosiriun or -he 19-9 restrictions - the inczdenz.- of tricking among reenaztfs in Sweden
Lear dcdintd. A@.corciini
g :o the Worid Ftz:::@ Organisation. smoking amo-.7 lo vesr o";
- -I to 20 per cent in LI . ncr a:, -a
.n:i.e@. wnicri :,a@ dropped rrom. avo%e 4( per ze-- --n 19 4 9 I C L
to a. east 23 per zent m 19S2. During tne iarne :tnod. the incidence of smok.-m among 13
Vea, o.d malts rose rrom about iive per cent !o civer eight per cent. Foilov.-ing a brici.
iuos@zuenc Zezhne. irriok.n- becan to mc-.-ai: again in 1934. This is no- @ecause the
res,,r.,;,:ons c,.::renrl,,- ln effect are nor, severe enuz@;,. It is because advertising rest-nctions L40
nct consurript.,on.-
In Norwav. rob:icco advernsin- was '-anned in 19-5. However. according to .1
re%=,: zudv in the Journal of the Norwegian Medical Associations the total I oi
dai;% smokinz arriong Norwegian aduits remamec virruaily uncharged bmveen 14-9 t3S per
en-
Ce . ;nd @36 per zeriv. As rmc authors ci:z.-rve, smokInZ Mcidenc- in 19@ remained
hwhe! in Norwav than in the United States or Gr-.a- Britain; berween 19-- and 19S-.
smok-.ne income declined more slowliv in Nor%va.v than ln the United Starts or Great
Br-.-aint anJ ,-iokLng incidence among -,women in Norway increased during chis -,tnod @trom
7er r
.rnc co 33.3 per cenci. Assessing the impacr of the 19-5 ban. in a Published
e-,chanst of :orrespcindence with Dr Blarrveit. 6-r authors concluded that: zhough -he
law to stop robacco aci%trn,,ing has a meaningful content. we cannot set char it has had a
fundamental effect upon the sale or use of cobacco.'
C-- zorks'.. co 4.4 COTIITI@ %C. S., h.
CO
ATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

......... .......
T.ho@e favour tobacco ad%ernsin-P bins c'aim chat smoking among 13 to 15 year old
aaS d,-C.:n-d Sh-Ir:?!V S!n-: :LdVtMSLng was banned tn 0-5.
revet;lriv a sueposediv upward creno." Bur how could juvenile smoking Incidence have
dec!;ned i;n_- 19-5 i aJullr imoking ric,.denct his :_-mained eisenciaiiy unchanged durir.3
criod.' There could be three txplananons for this seeming paradox: I 'VI % 0 e
mc @a-ne - ( ) . an - rn r
;eo:--e ;7,- -.%art: unrii aduithood ro begir. irrici@inz: 2 older generations, of imo@ers a.,-
srr.0,k!nz Inuc.1 note chin zhev used co. offsetting 6.e iupposcd decline in smo@kag among
,@ouav= ztnvanon@; or i3, juvenile! imoking riziden:c is nor declining. The first and -hir-,
o! len@: no iuprct- co 2@4-:err!s= controls as a means of rcduciniz
,:on@.=r%on. Lae st-cond explanation sevens nLonv -.triviausLbic since it is generally Wide:
grou:s -;,at are quirtme at :he hignes: rates.
-xvIana,ion' mvilir @e thic ad..,rrisins n tac: is nor banned in Nor%vz,- This
lai. OC-41-n zo emcrge. e%e: so UbZ.- In MC zontroversy over so-called 'hi'den
?ia%ula and '.,i cofleague, rcir example. wepsced :n their recent scudv- that m-
a,- !iidl-en in F;ii'arid ma% hc.= -o account ror the iac- ctia., vanznt.:
srrc@.n-z -,,:-.once m Fmiand is inzieasinz. Dr 3ijr:v:-.- has even sues.-sted. char people smok-
beza-@ o, on astirraW I,- in-ains :r:Ju;itv co assign such ovcrwht!r-..inz
javer--sing. Be Ina: as it ma-.. one carint)c have if both Nvays - z:z:niz a
is char ban-iing a&.erni= --,,.cs :onsumption. and than su3geszing
:s vinv zonsurntincin in chat :oun-:% ha@ not declined.
=Mtd declirie in smoking arrione Nor-.% =Lan vouch depends. in any event. on
a ittec:1%4: ase of 7he jaza trom -tic ur@deiving iurveys. This z1aimed
-a srricklrz. b,-,t the data @ndiczn! :hat dz.-@v and occasional smokine amorm
'Zovs !n ::-,:s .12C OU@, Wa, La t .3@r de,;ltning prior !o E9-5, and cha: dativ and occaiioria.
- gr
srrri@cinz imone 1 3 vear oldi. at least. inzrc3sej after 119-5.
it is nor at a:) clear that rhe inc,.dence of smoking in this age group was
On .;e Nitrate the imposition ci, the advert!@inz '-In. Although the Incidence of imokinz
In cnis age g:oup reportedly was higher in 19-5 chan In 1963, no nationwide schoolchildren
srudc wa; Scorned berwccn 1963 and 19-5. Thus. the incidence of smoking In -his 2te
-OLL- E I is 1@-t1 when the incidence of adult smoking also
9, wn. . a%e -'eaked as c3ri%
peak@!J. a-
nd declined chereafrcr. As Aaro and oclic.-s' have noted: 'There was no nation-
wide scudv of smoking among schoolchildren in Norway between 1963 and 19-5.
Acccirdinzl% it is nor known whether the increase in daily smokers among children of both
sexes... occurred evenly throughout the... period or %htilicr the trend may have reached .1
peak and culminated some time between the two dates.'
it it Pt 01 1"C as
..d P.-I k.-, P,-.&.S. .1 'k, ..&a @44 69KC1U.0. I., sm.k... A-,;
T
Ir'-n cost! - s-k-he -d Hfakh. I-Vt Nc-". I"I. 161-164
.@a K C-t.1 .. ".1- J".:
@4 @6-1 N.-ft, IW
.14 @CSKR@ Uri
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ATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

......... .....
Since rni: social aL:zt=:abdi:--- o! smokinz has been decreasing, it is possible char the more
-ec.:nr iz.:Jics @c`c,:r 'u:-..'er reporting- of smoking rather thar. the stated
declare in smokinz. A.so. it mav be sisramcanc char the L95- and 1963 daca and -ne 19-5-
iv,!re :-Direct difter-nr organisarwns. The rxo se:s of data
relicd oil 6% Dr Biir:-.::c -Fc..-fore sirriviv mav nor be comparable.
F:na.-i-.. r'-.: Chi:! ot -:-,c To'_-acco Products Unit in Canada questioned the
rehabii:rv of the snj@':es c,.red b% Dr B,arveir on the grouna that it is 'based on small
sam::-ic-, or a rather :%:-row act ranize ` The Norwav claca. he said. do not offer 'cor-.7effing
c%idcnc,: :nir binr:n. roba,:zo :@roduc- adverrism.2 reduces ei-rie. smoking by yout.-I or
o%crail con--norion.
c. Cross-Country Surveys
er:@,.nz Re:,-, a ;,gilinzaric on smoking among juveniles. one woui@ exvecr
ju%ende ,---,:ns -ri 7t aqner w-.,-:,- cozacco advernsing is per-kir-ed than where :r is .lot.
Sur -i Maine,' 'Vor:1" Orz_nisartori survev found 'no svsrema-ic d:fferenc!s' bc7%@,ctn
)uv:mle srno,@;ng in countries sLcn as Norwav and Finland. where tobacco advernsing is
coriple!e;% -lines. a.-,: in C1JLn--:es suc- as Austria and Enaland. where it is not." :ndeed.
one WHO anc -.-ic :nree CRL: srucies disclose char the incidence of smoknz amor-
Voung i, ri;=.- n :man%, :.a,:es wntre advernsing is banned than where it is not. In
other case@. -ne tric zence i: ju---t-ule smoking is :ounc co be vLrtujll%- identical in born
@icuarions.
Ir. 7-niand. :j:- exist-.. wher! :obacco ijvernsing his been banned zomplezek-
,in,;.- 19-@. :he WHO u,--.e,. found that 30 per cent of 15 vear ol,: schoolboys smoked
in Au;-..--,a. wncr: :)rint-mcdia and ourcoor aJvercising arc permitted. the
V'FO sur'..- tound or.:%- 1- :xr cent of 15 car old schoolboys smoked wctk!,.` In
\orwav. iv-Lre -c@azzo adverns:ng has been banned cornpicrely since 1975, and in the
Unizcd whe..- pr,.nc-mx;;,a and outdoor advertising are permitted. 23 per cent or
15 oi,: t-:1-ookbovs were -our.,- :o smok.: week1%
S :iariv. the CRU 16-Councry study found that the proportion of II to 15 year
olds who cia:mcd to smoke regularly was significantly higher in Norway (13 per ccrin and
Sv6eden 10 -%-r cent, man in Spain (7 per cerib, where only minor advertising restric-ions
Were in eftcc:. and far higher chin In either Hong Kong (3 per cent). where feu tobacco
advertising @:rin-rols cx;sced. or Kenva (less chan 0.5 per cent), which had no restricnons.'_ In
Norwav, 36 tr cent of all 15 vear olds claimed co smoke reeularIV in 1987 %while in Spain
the figure %%ai 2- per cent. In Hot.& Kong, the figure waS 11 per cent."
ItOPIERINCES
W V-. Wk. D. ju-nl., S,.n i..6sx-
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BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

......... ........... .
In Norway. of course. the iubjeacs or the CRU srudv %vere too young co have
been !-'1.Iuem;cj by adve-ziiinz - c7 -nc -har it allegedly rosters - before
r@c ban was imposed in 19-5. Indeed. some of lines of the studv had nor even been
norn ver. B% contrast. all - ::-e itibitz:s oi -,he C s-- -.- in Spain and Hong Kong had
=Vwn, up in the presence ur ::garertc advertising
_ @;!-. -,-c incidence of smoking among the
-uvertiles rudied in Spain and Hong Kona -as b-,- -ar than the incidence of smokine
among juvenilet, in Nnr%%a%.
In orncr words. 211 zoun-,-:zn ha-- t very different -obacco advertising
,:or.crols - ranging trom rrt-7,)@ o major and co )ne could not prcdic- from that
sauanon whic-i counrrv lii! ::-.c lonest inc:zencz :7 smoking. Convcrselv, lu,6enile
smoking scacisctcs wouid nu- he!p predc: %%atch :,)@;n-:- has the strongest restrictions on
-obacco advertising. Clearf,-. a,::ors other than tozaz@-.o ;d%ertlSing and its regulation musc
nave pijved the key roles n wende smokine ir..:.a::o- and incidence in these countries.
Tris evidence irronglv ind::--es r1c:a. an ad%e7-is-.n: '--an -..- ncrcascd rescriznons would no-
::ad to reduced smokinz amz:,-z :uvcn,.@!S,
d. Tobacco product advertising and smoking hy adults
,he evidence- from a of rree-ma, ;ndicates that cobaz,:-, product
consumption bv acults is znaftec-ed bv ;oncro[s. For the most Parr, the
consumption trends in e%id--nze before con:.-ols were :=vosed remained unchanged after
con-mis were imposed. In so7ne countries. as will '-t Jet. 2duir consumption levels are hiaher
where advertising is forbid@t:- c"an whe:e a i al:c.%ed. 7- effect of advertising controls on
.%6-ult zonsum;tson can be --sesied irom the izar=utm ,r adult per capita Consumption or
--i.- iric;dence or smoking among adults. From eithe r. --oint. the results are the same.
iza
As with young prize. the Scandin;vian zoun-nes often are cited by advertising
ban proponents as places in which Tobacco adven:zinz :cscrictions have been followed bv
aechning per capita consumznon among aduirs. B---: me ;-.atistics from Finland. Sweden and
Norway establish [hit adu.: per capita tobacco 7rOdL,:: COVISUMPELOn in chose countries
began declining before adven.4ing controls were ::-.posc; and Thereafter either continued co
decline or even increased som-en hat.-
Major zross-c-ount- studies disclose similar brings. A 16-Country Srudv of eight
SOVLer-bloc and eight fret market countries disclosed rra- smoking increased - sharply in
some cases - between 1970 :nd 1984 in the Sov:e:-bicti; zouncries, even though advertising
did not exist during this -@cnod.:' At the same rime. in Canada. the UK and the US, per
capita consumption of cigarc:-Ls declined sLgnifica.-.-;v during the same period.
A a F I R I N c I S
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BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

......... ........... .I
In The cghr iree-marke, countries. consumption trends were noc substantially afiectrcd by
(ObJCCO 'DrOdULE aclye.-tising SU:z: -Xnr-o:i. In Italy. for example. where advertising
bans o.
was banned in 1962. adult per capia consampnon increased from a base of 100 in 1960/6s
In Singapore. 3&.-: per :zpaa c,)nsumption increased from .1 base of 100
co 192 in 198-4.-
when advercisinit Was banned in 19-0 :o 112 in 1984. And in Iceland, acluir per capiri
consumption increased from a base of 100 :n 19-11. when advertising was banned. to 1 13 in
1984 -' The imposicion or advertising controls in These countries ptainiv did not achic%e Their
incended purpose of reducing cizart-reconsurnpricin.
Dr Eugene M. Le%vir of the New jersev Medical School's National Bureau of
E,onumi,.@ Reiear,:@ recently con@idcre_` tne eiiecrs oi advertising restricrionb in less
cvciciped counmes ('LDC'i'-. Aczordin; :o Dr Ltwm -evidence from a sample of LDC's
SUR-es- ence of advemsing :!s-mcrions per se had little if anv erfecr in trends in
_, is cnu-. :ht exist
or on The !evel or cigarette ccrisumpt,on.'
The To%ic Substances amid .3.-' New Zealand i'TSB') recently a-,-,:mp:,-d to
concradiz- he :onc'u-;ions of These !e2d:-, itudies in a reporr entitled Tobacco or Health:
An End To Tobacco Advcrtisine or Prornocion cTSB Report'). The TSB claimed in this
report chat data trom 13 countries 'shows Thar There :s a relationship berween legnslation
bann-miz :obac.;o promotion and recuced ;-p:ake of -he habit by young persons."
T'.ic TSB Report suifers :Tom i --arierv of mechodolog.,cal and other char
Invaiidace its zonciusions.' In manv ir-;a::arir respects. the TSB Report simplv assumes its
conclusions. For -"a=ie, the TSB Report asserts rhar aggregate demand in courimes like
r@e United Scares nu c be br adverzismg expenditures. simple because such
expenditures are is large as are. Sirmiariv, -he methodology used by the TSB was co
compare trends Following imposL%on of a 'can in -..he bar, countries wici crencis in non-ban
,:ounrrics. but no account was rak.-n of trends it, the ban countries before rne 'Din rook
PLAC:, 'WHLZh LS of course crucial in.'Ormanon: I
Mariv conclusion-; there;ore %,,ert based on misleading and, in some cases. self-
concr2dIc-OtV data.-' The key conc:usjon of The c-.mr- was that tobacco coniumption has
declined more rapidly in 'coral ban' countries char. in non-ban countries. This conclusion,
however. hinged on classifying a single country. Portugal. as a 'total ban' country and
including The supposed decline in Tobacco consumption in Portugal in the overall decline in
Consumption in 'coral ban' counTnes. But Portugal was misclassified as a 'total ban' country,
and consumption in Portugal has not declined. It Portugal is nor counted as a 'total ban'
country. that care-ory does nor show a more marked decline in tobacco consumption than
it It P rot INC as
TO He,kh: %. E.d . T.1m.. U-1-mi; at
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BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

......... ......... .. .....
non-ban countries. and the ke%. zonc!usicin of the TSB report is invalidated. Because of the
selective use of data ab well ab %crwu@ methoJ,,olog:z:,@ shortz;;cmings, the TSB's =ZIUSLon
cannot be considered valid.
Given the evidence. it jb nor surprising that :-.c Quebec Superior Court rccentl%
Struck down 3s unconstitutional the 1938 Tobacco P:oducts Control Act, which se,@erel'@
rCS1,Lcred cigarette advertising Ln Canada.-" The Cc---t found 'no rational Connection
between the means cho5cr. end the leg-tslarion's objec-ne. of reducing smoking. 'The.--. LS no
evidence zhat advertising as such entakis a danger to ==Iic health.' the Court obser---edl. 'As
Ansinde snd. the word 'dog' nc@.e. bit anvone."
The Canadian Court. which considered a.11 o@ mt data on this LSSUC. Including the
TSB Report, concluded that neither the T53 Re--orr nor any scientific docirrieni
Jemonstrares that a ban on adver-rising would affec- zinsumption. Spmficaliv %vic- regard
to the TSB Report, the Court jismLssed this much-co"ted document with the obse:-;atior.
that 'it contains serious methoduiogtcal errors and a lzz4 of scientific rigor whic@ renders it
for ail intents and purposes devoid of any probarive va.L:e:
In summarising the available scientific evidc=! on whe-her advertising bans reduce
tobacco consumption. the Co@ur- therefore was 'left lizzlic choice but to :onc:,_@e that
'che evidence ot a rational connecz:on bevxeer. and the obje--ive io@qht s
deficient, if not nOn-tXLSrenr.'
ARFILOIGNICIS
1111. %UO-AA A- C~.I f C-A@ X.. j0Q. IC t
Q@ $.P. c, 1.1, -'h. 1"I@ .1
ATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999

'- @AT
BRITISH-AMERICAN TOBACCO COMPA%Y LIMITED
-4 ....... G.61, 5--, TWIS 10V Ux
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 19 April 1999