imp. rcc c4N4o @L-p lq&-@7
28Z3
Imperial Tobacco Limited/Limit6e
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION
MONTREAL
THIS REPORT MUST NOT 01 00111190 ON SWWN TO UNAUTHORIZED PLISONS.
NJ
NJ
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-,j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

COPY NC.
TOBACCC LTD.
T-IlvisicN
MON TIRE A-
R E S ----I 1 C T
0 G R Z S S R Z'20 R T
J'JN'-r 9 8 6 I 9 8 7
D!Sn.--BU---tON:
Dr. P. j. OU-n Cl-PY NO. i
Dr. S.R. Massey 2
Mr. A. L. 3
Dr. R. I = 4, 5
Mr. L. Reynrclds 6, 7
Mr . R. G. N-Ichclls 8, 9
Herr. E. Rittershaus 10
Dr. E. Kausc."i 11
Dr. C. -r p de Sique-i--a 12
Library 13, 14, 15, 16, 17.
co
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

WORK ;@REA 0-'
PRODUCT RESEARCH & D7--7Z:,0P@-MNT
IN.:
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

2
ITL =NALA
LCCAL P-RCj---CT NUISER(S) T-318Z;P-:9-1-72;Ol
C-RCUP NUMEIR
PERSON RESPONSIBLE LFBLCN'L,P.
DATE REVTz-W WRI=--N .7anua:-i 1987
REIVITEW Czawfcrd. Alleviation cf Negaz--'7e Smck-'.ng
Charac-:eristics.
R.Z-77EW TZXZ The prcmise of low leve's of menthol
alone or in combination with a tc,-'-acco extract
and h,-,nectant, in reducing irritat-Jan and
giving a better aftertaste, was not replicated
by our internal package panel. Thus they have
not been tested externally, and Pressures of
ozher work have -orevented new =-Ials to date.
However, two series of modified products have
been tested externally by sma'-' groups. in
these, ot'ner modifications were ----crude,' t=
S4gnal to consumers that amel-ie,-:-----.icrs had
been made by offering different --astes. Mcs':
were rejeczed as been= -::cc d4zzer-
VWC S.-.owed promise, na:-,e-ly using
scmew'.-.at hicher menthol :eve! (`:0 ppm) tc
calve scene coclina, and 3% tonaccs zo
7
give a small taste modificaticn.
N)
Jt@.
FIQ
-Nj
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 3
ORGAN--ZAT--ON =L CAN;0A
LOCAL PROjT-CT NU@MER(S) T-0995;S-20-1--1;Ol
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIB-rE STML-'@'NG,B.J.
DAM RZVI=-4 WRITIMEN January 1987
RE,r:z-W T=Z Cactus. Effects of Product Dry-
:r--itaticn- ness on
R---11=14 Tz:c-- No equipment was available to =nd--tion
cigarettes at small increments c-f Moisture
level. ;:--nce a number of brands, chosen as
being pctenzially most susceptible to t.-e
effects of drying, were conditioned at 6z%
R.H., and their drying rates over time
determined when left o'oen at 50% z.H. The
intention is to use these curves to cIcse cff
small sutsamtles of the Droducts after chosen
zime intervals under the same ccnd4tions Mc
achieve the des'-red moisture diff-ereaCes. The
effects of moisture differences c-
will then be de=ermined by the single
cigarette ppane-
--h-4s wc--k has been de-a-,ed, by cz`er
priorities.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999
@ nm@- -

- 4
CRGAN:ZATION CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NLMT-R'-z) T-5350
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE LEBLOND,?.
DATE REVIEW WRI=--N :anuary 1987
REVIEW TITLE HAMSTER
/IrE14 TEXT A number of batches of virginia stem have been
su.bjected to the STS przcess for 7_TL by BAT
Ge_--many, giving a series of leveLs of
exmansion. Initial sub-lective test-'ng did nct
J
indicate any taste or irritaticn =roblems as
encountered by BAT Germany in the-4z brands
with modified flue-cured blends. However,
because of several other stem Drocessing
d_@fferences between ITL and Germarry, further
evaluation of these batches will be limited to
two aspects, namely:
Does virtual'y unexpanded STS, with a
w_@der roller gap and wide-- cut width than
!T'-'s WTS, give any reduction in CO yields?
When full-7 e.,,.-.@anded STS is usea to replace
WTS in the blend for Mat'-nee Ex--ra. M--'-Id K.S.,
and its DIET level is dropped frcm 14.4 to
5.6%, it should be possible to ma-4ntain
censit-7 withou-: changing the f --'z:-,-ess. Will
-I.ese changes improve the taste -7--7e! and
taste auaiit-@- c-f the smoke?
7-n-dept.1-i evaluation of the effects of S--s an
taste quality and irritation will await the
Installation and satisfactory
y running trials
of a prototype unit in the Guelph ?_Iant.
CD
rQ
X@b
N;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 5 -
WORK AREA 02
F-XPIORATORY PRODUCT RESEARCH
/I'--
-M.
C--
N.;
-L.
r1l.;
--j
LA
(-.14
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

ORGANIZATION ITL CANADA
LCCAL PROJECT T-7098;S-9-=--2;02
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPCNE'-@BLE DZ GRANDPRE,Y.
DATE REVIEW W.P.1=1 January 1987
REVIEW TITL--- Desl;r- G-aide-i-es f,;r the Cantrol cf piaff
Number
REVIEW TEXT A review o-- wczk in this are= has been
ir.-'-:--'ated an@'- will encompass studies --;and
frcm 1973 t= the present. It 4
Is envis.Lcnec
that a f-ina-- report will be issued .4n
Seotember-oc=ober of 1987.
C:)
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 7
CRGANIZATION :71@ CANADA
LOCAL PRCjZCT NU@SZR(S) ---7097;02
G-RCLT'--' NUMBER
PZRSCN RESPONSiBLE PORTER'A.
DATE REVIEW WR--'=E.N January 1987
REVIEW T-----E Predictlon of C--';arette Deliveries.
R =-I: Z-W TEXT The prcject is row the respansibil--t,-y- of the
P--oduct Develozment group (renamed Projec,:
Cleo T-0010). The program organization 1--as
'-een extensive!-,- changed to make use cf the
K.iowledgeman data base system on the IBM XT,
although the calculation procedures and
ec-uations have not been altered. The da-z
base approach has provided greater flexibility
Zor component changes and with the
installation of a mainframe - micro link,
analytical and cigarette specification data
can now be downloaded from the central
ccmputer facility.
The system is new being tested by -the Product
zeveiopment gr-,-= and a report will be issued
as SO= as encuzn data is available for
assessing the vz---idity cf the prediction.
7-ture work w@': include refinement of scme of
tne Mred-ict-ion ecuations as well as the
4 - -
-roduczian of additicnal cigarette
parameters as vaziables.
N.;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- a -
CRGANIZATION CA-N@.DA
LOCA.L PROJECT NUZ.-IBER(S) T-7099;02
CROUP NUMBER
PERSON RZSPCNS:E--T-
DATE REVIEW 'WR::=-'i January 19A-7
of Reduced Sidestrean and
C-4garettes.
Several new reduced visil:le sidestream papers
fr= Ki=@-e=!Y-Clark and Ecusta '-ave been
evalua@:ed, by incorporating then into low
deliver-7 (-: mg) cigarette des---s. The
zigaretzes were all examined for mainstream,
sidestream, and subjective cha=-=ateristics.
Tle Ki-erly-Clark papers ccnz-z--'ned either
=la-.r (9%) or alumina (11 or 22%) together with
-0% K acetate or castrate as z-'-e active
azerials. The clay contain-:ng papers were
not particularly effective at reducing
szAestream tar, giving about a 25% reductions
T-e paoe=s, which were developed
S--,-secnienz-1@7 to the clay papers. were more
effective, giving reductions c-z 35 and 43%,
-cr t'-e !-'% and 22% alumina res=ec-::ively.
Cizare--tes with either the clav or alumina
ma=ers were found to be more irritatirg and
7 -.
ac !---Ss taste than the convent-'onal control
-igaze---:es-
Zc,4sta sent us three variants cz- the Passoort
paper (1-8145), one overnr-Anted with ethyl
Van-411-4. , one with ethyl maltose and one with
cell,-,-Iose acetate as a control. All three
zape--s gave similar reductions in sidestream
,a-- (about 40%). The paper wit- ethyl
van-filln and ethyl maltose gave a distinct
van-4-11a/chocolate flavour to the sidestream
and mainstream smoke of the cigarettes. In a
comparison including cigarettes with regular
paper and 18145, panellists prefer--red 18145
and the chocolate flavoured version over the
Control.
7-custa also sent two samples of paper with
very high MgO loadings (30% and 40%, compared
to earlier papers with about 13%). Both
papers increased puff number significantly,
and gave large reductions in sidestream tar
deliveries (50 and 55%, respectively.
Subjective evaluation has not yet been carried
out on these papers.
NJ
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

ORGANIZAT-70N : ITL CANADA
LCCAL PRCJEC-- N=F-R(S) : T-6966;07.
GRCUP NLME-1
PERSON RESPONST-2-1Z PORTE---,A-
DATE Rr'l--E-W WR'-r= January 1987
RE71717-14 T--TLZ' Development c-f Methods for Measuring
Sidestream S-oke Deliveries.
R=;7-z-w MY-- Due to other priorities, the integratzr for
determining sidestream carbon monoxide and
dioxide will- noz be completed '--e-fore March
1987.
Several grades of tobacco, including have
been examined fcr their relative prcdu=icn of
sidestream a=d mainstream smoke, with
particular reference to carbon monoxide and
dioxide. In general, it- was found tham
sidestream. de-,'ve--ies carrelate,-4 with
mainszream deliveries. For ex&nDle,
produced muc@, higher levels (per u-i--'t weight
of zcbacco ban--) of CO and COi than zhe
single grades in both mainstream and
sidestream smnoke. Si-milarly, grades
mroduced muc- hicher levels c-' :@ar an--
nicc-:@ine in sides--ream anc: mains-=-eam
than did the lugs.
N;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 1 0
ORGANIZATION =%ZA
LOCAL PROJECT NLMER(S) T-77--l
GROUP NUISER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE POPTER, A.
DATE REV-,EW WRI= Januaz@7 1987
Cigare,:':es Des-'gned; -zc-- Lcw Mu-'agenic Activity
r-@' T EW T
Makng use of prev@ous data relating cigarette
des-'a-n and b-iclogizal activity, two,
potent-4ally low mutagen-4--ity cigarettes have
7
z3en cesignea. Both cigarettes are 23 mm in
circumference, have low efficiency filters and
high -.1crosilly papers with the minimum
ventilation tc achieve the target tar
deliveries of 5 mg. One cigarer-te was made
witi 100% regular PC! and the other w-'th 100%
c4- a mcdified PC-' (ccntaining 1.5% DAP).
The cigarettes have been analysed for
mainstream smcke deliveries. Due to some
prc'-Iems during maki-:z, the modified PC-.
zigazetze had a signicantly lower pressure
trc= t-ar. the standaz@- PCL c-@garezze, and
hence had a higher z-z:- deadlier-;,.
Tte Ames -autagen-:cit-fes of these cigrettes are
r.cw be4ng determined, as we-1 as that a' the
recular PCL design n:ected with 1000 ppm cf-
-lack tea extract, which in future designs may
be used at lower ccr-centrations to ameliorate
the Irritation of P-C'L. The mutagenicities oz.
these samples w-4-1-1 be ccripared to a control
cigarette of the sannie dimensicns contain-4ng a
f lue-cured blend.
if these experimental cigarettes prove to have
significantly lower Ames activity that the
control, further work will be carried out to
i.-.iprove their smoke quality without increasing
mutagenicity. Particular attention will be
paid t= injection of flavours, additives and
CZ)
F\.:
CID
BATCo document for Province of BrItiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 11 -
ORGANIZATION :T:-. CA24AZA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) :T-61-40;M-3-14;02
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE :DE GRANDFRE,Y.
DATEE IREVIEW ::anua=y 1987
REV__E1V7 TIME :Tnves-_,gation of the Feasibility of On-L_-'ne
F-Ll-Ling Capacity/Density Measurements
RE7,77 E7o; :Since the last progress report a second
Inveszigation in the Pilot Plant has @Deen.
undertaken in whic.-. the low and high moisture
drying conditions as well az@ t--'-Ic :;.'
processing were more representative of actual
plant processing conditions. The results and
conclusions of this experiment are Presented
-in an internal memo issued on Mav 26, 1986.
In general it was found that f-;11-4ng capacity
measurements were more useful than impedance
measurements in distinguishing changes in
tobacco due to different drying ccnd-4tions.
The limit ing factor is the need t= c'--:a-in
mcisture levels wit'- whic'@ to correcz filling
caoacizv measuremenzs before any_=aanges -4n
crying conditions can be made. -here mav be a
need to replace the standard moisture
Procedure should capacity measurements
be recuired on-line in the plarts. However,
cigarettes made fzcm tobacco processed at
different, but realmstic, drying ccnditicns
showed no differences in physical or chemical
Properties. The exception is end stability
Welch appeared to increase and then decrease
with increasing grain loading.
CD
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 12 -
OR C;AN-- ZAT- I ON IM C;QNABA
LOCAL P.ROJ'-:'CT- NUMBER(S) T-6127;L-23-3-2;02
GROUP MMER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE DE GR.:@IMPRE,1Z.
DATE REVIEW WRITMN Januari 1987
Invest1gration of the Relationship Between
Cigarette Firmness and Tobacco Prcperties
RZV:r-W TEXT The initial step of this project was to zeview
work performed in tnis area. The re-xcrz has
been completed and is expected to be issued -'n
early 1987 (Report #182).
In this review, work carried out both wft'n-4-
and external to the BAT group subsequent to
1-970 is discussed. Emphasis is placed on
summarising the various technizues a7ali-lable
to imp-rove filling power thereby gairiag
better control of firmness.
NJ
N.;
-Sl;
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

1 3
ORGANIZATION : TT:, CANADA
LCC;L PT-ZOJ'EC'-" (S : T-7279-1;P-5-4-2-;02
GROUPF MMER
PER-SCN RESPONSIBLE : DE G?LANDPRE,Y.
DA---- RMEW W=11V : January 1987
TITLE : investigate of the Effect of Paper Burn
Additives or. the Fo=atian of carbon Mcroxide
RE E W T E-K T : The furnace of the John Payne Micro tar
Pred-4atcr is being used as the combustion
chamber for the paper samples. Tempera=ures
ranging from 1000C to 8000C are monitored
during combustion or _pyrolysis in N21 by a
c'-rcmel-alumel thermocouple. The gas phase is
d-'rected to an infrared gas analyser for
demer.minaticr. of CO and C02- The gas prof-iles
are recorded simultaneously, on a strip chart
reccrder and the surface areas of the meaks
-i---=--,rated and compared to standards tc obta4-
CO and C02
t amount c produced dur-4nq
CCIM.-lusticr. cr pyrolysis.
Preli:m-inary -results obtained w-@th
add-'-:-ive-free paper showed that the amours zf
CO and C02, expressed as weight of gas per
weight of paper, were fairly constant from
4000 to 6500C. Combustion of papers with
c-4t=ate and mcno amzronium phosphate is
currently being investigated.
C:o
N)
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

ORGANIZAT=C"T :1T'- CAN;@DA
LOCAL 2RCiECT NUMBEER(S) :02
GROUP N7I=R
PMRISCN RESPONSIBLE SA::-,T--- Jo-'Y, C.
DATE WR.I--T-rAlq January 1987
ITEW Non Rcut-ine Analytical- Service me Support
R&B Pro."ects and for General Troublesnocting
RzVTzW Mcsm cf the Zecuests require n=-routine
ana7,
_yt'aa7 methods, which involve literature
searches, method develonment and multiple
instru:nental techniques.
Dur-Jig the Pasz six months, the main areas c.4
acmivit7 ha7e been:
1) S=ea:--inz Levels in Tobacco and Ciaarettes
A recent product development project, JAZZ,
has recu,-'red, tobacco to be sprayed with
spearmint =rior to cigarette -manufacture. A
gas chr=mazographic method has been developed
to measure ':he level of 7-carvone, the ma]cr
(6C--10%) constituent of szearmint cil.
Spearmint levels after spraying and during
manufaczure were determined to assess any loss
of
2) Fallcw-up of Humectant Levels in
Ormosition Brands
Glycerol and propylene glycol are regularly
measured on most opposition Fine Cum tobaccos
to maintain an awareness of market trends.
3) Qualitv Contra! of Menthol Cr-stals for
Guelch Plant
Random Samples are taken from every new
shipment o--,c menthol crystals and are analysed
by g.c. to detect any trace of impuzity.
4) Stained Cicarette Investiaation
Tobacco and cigarettes from several operations
at Quebec Plant were contaminated by
lubricants. Two sources of the contamination
were identified: a spill of Sunep 1150 in the
primary and a leak of Sunep 1070 in one of the
making machines. Approximate levels of these
two lubricants were measured by fluorescence
analysis.
5) Flavour Analysis
A capillary gas chromatographic method has
been deve1cced to ensure that flavouring
solutions for cigar tobacco prepared by Busch
Boake Allen meet specifications.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- I r@ -
ORGANIZATION : :TL CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT : T-9030;02
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPCNS:'-=---r SAINT-JOLY,C.
DATE REVIEW January 1987
RE',r---zW TI=__- Determination of 'Envizonmental contaminants in
Flanz Working Area and External At:ncs7:here
R_--J':ZW T= Since last May, 3 samples were received fzcm
Ayl:mer to be analysed for their nicotine
consent. The nicotine levels were around-0.23
n
,g,-3, well beow the TWA (O.5 mg/3) and STEL
(I.:z mg/m 3) limits.
Yen-:'-ol levels in environmental air at
mcn-=eal Plant have been measured dur-'ng
manufacture of Peter Jackson Menthol and
during packing off Carmeo Fine Cut.
The average ment'nol ccncentrations were
res=ectivelv 0. 4 ug/-' and I. 4 ug/-', which are
below the suggested safe concentration of
menzhol in ai_- (5-10 ug/1).
An extensive envirommental study has been
.'ni=-4ated at Ajax to check ammonia levels,
bc,:'- inside and cuts'-de the plant, during
W PC! sheet processing. Responsibility for
mon_J@oring was given to a consulting firm,
Beak Consultants Ltd., with ITL taking an
active part in the sampling and analytical
procedures.
Ammonia was analysed by two different
government approved methods, the Nessler's
reagent method (calorimetric) and the ion
specific electrode method. The ammonia levels
found by both methods are of the same order of
magnitude. However, generally higher results
are found with the specific electrode method.
The concentrations inside the plant range,,
from 3.1 to 7.2 ppm, well below the
permissible TWA limit of 25 ppm. The total
ammonia emission rate from the stacks was in
the range 3.2 to 4.24 lb/hr., close to the
estimated loss rate of 5.1 lb/hr.
The results found by Beak Consultants and ITL
were in the same range.
.r;N
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

-
ORGANIZATION : 7L CANAZA
LOCAL PROJECT NLILC-Z-R(S) : T-696-t;5-9-3-2;02
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON R:-SPONS=E SAINT-.TOLY,C.
DATE RVI::z-W WR-=E-N :anuary 1987
R---V:ZW T'rTr-E Sidestream Smoke and
RE.r:::--W MXT Zxperimenta-I prcceduzes have @--een set up to
aialyse two classes of Possible irritants in
.Ms and SS smoke: middle and high boiling
moint bases and low molecular we-@ght carbonyls
(from C- to C,).
A novel pear-shaped chimney was designed to
minimize wall condensation wh-;-',e allowing
simultaneous mainstream and s.!.destlream
c-'garette smoke.
':,do d.:'.!fereat ty=es of ciga=e:;z9s were
examined - d-a Maurier KS and an e=erimental
'rated, -ow visible sidestream cigarette.
,renz--
The pre!Lm@-nary results show that the levels
of the irritants studied are much higher in SS
smoke -.ran in MS smoke. This observation is
consistent with other studies and supports the
perception that SS smoke is more -;.Zrltating
than iS smoke. The effect of 4ilter
venti:atica is tc decr;ase the levels of these
compounds in MS smoke while not affecting the
comDosit-;--n of SS smoke. Similar trends have
been observed by other workers.
Future work in this area will -'nclude a study
a-- the dist=ibution of middle and high boiling
moint. bases between the gaseous and
particulate phase as well as subjective
testing of the irritant properties of
synthetic mixtures of bases and carbonyls
using cigarette SS smoke as a support medium.
CD
6
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

CRGANIZAT:ON 77- C;_N7@D.@'.
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) '-r-7084;04
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE B=MORIA1X.H.;SAI.N---JCLY,C.
DATE REVIEW WRI= January 13@-7
RZV-4'-EV TITLE Fractionation of C-'=-arette Smoke by FPLC and
Deter.mination of Ames Activity
RZ--I:---W TEXT In the preliminary part of th-'s study, two
methods c-f fractionation for cigaretme smcke
'7
condensate were investigated
in the fi:-sz method the whole smoke was
directly --Fractionated by HPLC, using a solvent
gradient =rsgram and a semi preparative
co-,umn.
Smcke czr,-,c-ents eluted from the cz7-,=n
according to their polarity, with less polar
eluting first. The overall weight recovery
was above 90%, although only 65% of the
o--iginal r'Umes activi-.1., was recovered.
Since basic compounds, found zc be highly
mutagenic in previous studies, were not
ccmvietel-.- eluted -from --he column, an
a-,ternati,;e method tased on classical
lic-aid-lic-u-id fracz-4onazlon was used. The
sz,oke condensate was partitioned into acids,
bases and neutrals, the latter being further
fractionated by H2L--. With this new scheme,
over 20% cf the acm-4vity was concentrated into
the basic --ft'action. However, total weight and
activitv recoveries were respectively 80% and
50%, wh1c- slowed no improvement over the HPLC
method alcme.
The next step in t.his project is to develop a
more efficient solvent gradient H-PL1- method.
Three solvents with increasing polarities will
be used. Smoke fractions will then be given
tc the Biclogic-al Group for mutagenicity
assessmient.
C:@
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

-
ORGANIZATION : ITL CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NLY-MER(S) : T- 5:
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON Rr_S?ONS-__=L_7 : SA-`=-:OLY,C.
DATE REVIEW WRr= : January 1987
REVIEW TITLE : Development of High Pressure L-4c.-aid
Chromatographic Methods
Rr;i_--w TEXT : During the last six months, me-:@'-cds have '--een
developed for analysis of:
- S, acid 4.1 1 4quor .
- - &.C:e
- @@ aromatic hydrocar-'-cns by
fluorescence
- chloride ions in water.
For every new method, the fol:awing sees have
been followed:
1) Review of the 1-411----ature.
2) Optimization of the different analvt_-'--@
parameters.
3) overall evaluaticn.
4) Writing the procedure for rcu-nine used-
This is an on-going prcject and cther me-:-cds
will be implemented as new needs are
expressed.
C:)
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

- 19 -
WCRK AREA 03
SMCK:NG BEHAVIOUR
N)
..Z:.
N.;
w
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

- 20 -
CRG;NIZATION 1TL CANADA
LOC,I-L PROJECT N'T&C-7-R(S) T-8079--';S-1-1-':;;03
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE MCBRIDE,C;BISSONNETTE,M.
IF REVIEW WR::=-:- January 1967
R Z V'i E W T I =.- E Program for Upgrading the Recording and
Duplicating System for Humar Smoking
R7-1--EW =-X-- This is an cr.-going activity to upgrade the
record-4ng and duplicating system for
monitoring human smoking behaviour. in order
to fully upgrade this system the o=-'ainal
software has -lo be replaced with an updated
version. The system will use a more accurate
and convenient program for averaging the puf:!s
across recording sessions or subjects. In
memory expansion card and software for
wordprocessing, data base and spreadsheet will
be acquired. These acquisitions will decrease
data analys is time and provide greater
flexibility in data management.
in Februar,7 1986, phases 2 and 3 of the
init -4al pranosal were underway. These phases
involved simulation of pufff ing to test the
control of the retroaction of the motors,
control of the switches and control of the
feedback svszem. All these tests were
execuze on a one motor prototype. These
phases were completed by July 1986.
At that point, validation and tests with
actual data ('final phase) were started. At
the end of August 86, a duplicated. profile
quite close to the original was achieved
(internal memo, October 27, 1986). However,
the piston/cylinder unit af the system showed
wear which was causing the piston to oscillate
as it moved linearly. Therefore, the
piston/cylinder units have been redesigned and
will consist of a hydraulic cyllnder/piston
system connected to the motor via a ball
bearing screw. This new design will be three
times more efficient than the old one and the
starting friction will be minimized.
The smoke duplicator should be ready by Match
1987.
A communication link from the Apple Ile
computer to the mainframe has been in
operation since July '86 and allows direct
transfer of data.
C:)
r11_%
X::b
M.:
CL,
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

21
ORGANIZATICN =1 CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBEF(S)
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE :MC-=--IDr,C.
DATE REVIEW WIRITTMN :ja:'uary 1987
R'-c'V:ZW TITLE :1-leview of Alternative Met'-ods fcr Duplication
REVI _--W Tr-CT :T-e first part of t.his project, to assess the
ac=uracy of the DELIVER (version 3) computer
z=zgrarn tc predict total and puff by puff
c-garette deliveries under both standard and
,,=.an conditions, was completed in September
1986. Fcur Canadian braids currently
a-;a-41able on the market (delivery range 4-16
mc) were used. Results indicated that cne of
new operating modes available with DELIVER
'--=s some potential as a descriptive design
tz:31 for standard conditions. However, a
c:mputer program of this type is curxently
used by Product Development and DELIVER would
cffer no further advantage to this group.
Ne@ther the original nor the added operatJ. ng
mcdes accurately predicted hiunan deliveries.
7'-e second part of this project involves an
ASsessment of the -leas-&._'-11ity of using an IR
reflectance method to determine --M leve-7s
d--ring smoking. A.7 initial review oil
-'=`ormation received from BAT (UK & -7) R & 0
Indicated that this technicrue may not be
s-_fficiently accurate for a reliable
determination of TPM levels. However, t . he
czst of building a prototype device is not
=rohihitive and work will continue in this
azea.
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh COIUMbia 14 April 1999

- 2 2
ORGANIZATION 7T:. CAN;,:;,
LOC;@-' PRC.7'-7CT NUMEER(S) T-8077-17,S-11-15;03
GRCU? NUMBER
PERSCN RESPONSIBLZ MCBR:Z7-,'-.;B:SSCNNZT'-rE,M.
IDATZ' REVIEW WR'r---EN. Ja"uary 1987
R-7V--=-V T:--LF The 7-nves--igation of the Effect of Nicotine
Enhancement on Human Smaking Behaviour
=v'- Z-IW TEXT As was ncted in the previcus Progress Report,
du Maurfer Light tobacco was spraved in the
Pilcz Plant with the appropriate cuantities of
nic-omine citrate solution to obtain increases
-4- smcke n-4cctine ccntent of 22% (Sample A.)
and 35% (Samule B) relative to the control
cigaret':e- Standard tar delivery was
a=rcx-4-amely 9.2 mg/cigt. for both the sample
a-d ccntrol cigarettes.
The hu:man smoking study started in May 1986
and --@--iished in August 1986. -Eleven du
Maurier Light K.S. smokers were asked tc smoke
t@,e tesz cigarettes following a specifric
scnedule.
Pre!L,minary results from subjective evaluation.
s'-cwed t-at most c-,64 the su@Djects detected
-@-z-ferences between the three cigarettes.
They deszr-4bed Sample B (35%) as being t--o
szzong, too irritating ard giving tco mu=h
Limpact. In general, the preference was split
'-etween the control cigarette and Sample A
(22%).
'Preli.minary results indicate no differences
either between or within days far the ccrtrol
cigarette, implying a stable baseline.
However, there are significant differences
between days and cigarettes for the test
products. Further analysis will determine the
magn-4tude and direction of these changes and
whether they can be related to individual
mouth levels of nicotine. The latter will be
dete=-'aed by duplicating representative
files. This acmivil
=ro y will be initiated
upon completion of the new smoke duplicator.
C)
r@')
X-b.
N.;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

ORGANIZATION :ITI CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT "TUTSER(S) :T-2-077-18;S-1-1-15;03
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE 'A
DATE REVIEW WRIMITT-N January 1987
RE'11---W TITTLE Chemical Characterization of Whole Smoke as
Generated Under Human Smoking Conditions
T-r EW A brief review of the literature concerning
0 / lore analysis and studies on human generated
wh smoke has been initiated. Initial
discusslcns with the Exploratory Product
Research Group have indicated that new G. C.
techniques are ava-i I able which may allow a
clearer view of the differences between smoke
under standard conditions and mouth held hurnan
smoke. This project is deemed appropriate for
a Cc-CIO student and will be initiated either
in September of 1987 or January 1988. Thle
starting date is dependent upon a pilot study
to determine the most appropriate collection
s- an- analysis method.
N.)
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

- 2 4
ORG.2@NIZATION : 1T`_ CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBEER(S) : T-8077-20;S--11-15;03
GRCUP NUMBER
PE-F-SON RESPONE:BLF : MC3R:DE'C.; BISSONWE"ZTE, M.
DA= REVIEW WRZTTEN : Yanuary 1987
R-rV:---W TITLE : investigation of the Smcker-Prcduct
'Q.nteraction Model
ZW TEXT : Th@.s project has :-.een re-evaluated as
angoing. Results and information from other
projects will be lased as the basis of
-investigation in th-is study. Addit4onally,
Project No. T-8082-7, Investigation of the
Sensory Properties of a Cigarette as it is
Smoked, will be incLuded as part of this stud-Y
and therefore dro-pped as a separate study.
C:)
r\j
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 2 5
GRG;@N:ZAT:ON ITL CANADA
LOCAL ?RC,.7ECT NUMBER(S) T-80S0-I;S-1-'I-13;03
GROUP NUMBE2
PERSON RESPONSIBLE MCBRIDE,C.;BISSC.NNETT7-,M.
:)AITr- R=-V-----w WR=-E-N January 1987
Rrl--E'W T--TLF- Determination of the Hznan Objea=tve Responses
to Mod4 4 i ed or Novel -;----duct Des -4-,-ns
F-V17-@ Z-W TEXT This project is designed to reszcnd to
recraests f-rom Product n-eve-lopment and
Exploratory Product Research. -----ejects in
these a=eas in the last year have not required
addit 4oral smoking he'@-=vicur i-`=--maticn.
NJ
U--
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 26 -
ORGANIZA=CN : IT'L CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) : T-8081-2;S-1--1-15;02
-GROUP. NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE : MCBR7-DE,C.
TDATE FEVILEW : January 1987
REVIEW T: ME : Investigation of the Effect cf :'mage:y on
Smoking Behaviour
: The time frame for this project has Zeen mcved
to 1988 due tc delays in upgrading the current
smoke duplicator and the ensuing hacklcg of
studies reT,;-'ziag duplicaticn.
r\J
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

- 2 7
ORGANIZATZ-ON ::T`@ CAN;@DA
LOCAL ?R017ZC-_ NUISER(S) ;7@7-8082-3;S-11-15;C3
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE :20ISJOLY,C.
DATE REVIEW WRITTEN ::anuary 1987
TITLE 'nvestigatiar. of the Effects cl Bra-id ::nagery
c-i Sub@ective Evaluation
-:01-rEW TEXT The study reported in the previous progress
was completed and reported internally
.n June 1986. Resu-ts in`cated c-learly
defined brand name and pack design effects on
nroduct assessments. These results also
Indicated that the technicue could be azzlied
z3 unfamiliar Packaging and brand names.
-'--ee further projects have been carried out
;a this work area. The f-'zst was an attempt
to assess the susceptihilit7 of subjects to
.1 ages. This was accomplished by means of a
,n
survey serit to approximately 400 employees.
=es=ondents were requirec to classify, on a 10
zoint scale, their visual-, tactile, gustatory
and emotional reactions t= 12 different
L-nages. Based on 300 respondents, results
-ndicated significant age, sex and smoking
status diffFerences. Some work is planned to
fzrm t.
::on . hese results.
The second project investigated the use of
Photographs as replacements for actual
zackages. A replicate test using photographs
c= a previous brand image:-,- exercise using
packages showed high correlations both within
the -repeat sequence and between the repeat and
z'-e original test. I't was concluded ti@at, in
the investigaticr, of brand imagery effects,
zhotographs could be used in lieu of actual
packages should sufficient quantities of the
latter be unavailable. However packaging must
remain as the first choice.
-e third project investicated the effect or. a
new product's (du Maurier Zxtra Light)
subjective evaluation of the imagery
associated with:
1) the new product
2) competition products
3) parent products.
Results indicated high stability in the
majority of the masked evaluations. Therefore
the effects of brand imagery can be regarded
as true effects. However, these effects were
not as marked in this exercise as has been
nrevicusly observed in other tests.
N.;
Ur.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 2 3
ORGAN:ZATICN CANAZA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) T-8082-4;S-11-15;03
GROUSE NUMBER
PERSCN RES?ONSIBLE
DATE RE'VIEW W'Rl=---N :anuary 1987
REV--FW TITLE --nvest--gaticn of Product Quality Attributes
TEXI,
As per the previous progress review two
cigarettes designed to deliver 4 and -11- ma tar
and each varying in weight by 50 and +25 mg
were tested subjectively. Results indIcated
no real difference attributable to weight i.e.
f-4rm.ness at the 11 mg level but a significant
d -4-Iference at the 4 mg level for the extreme
weight differences.
An add-4ticnal study undertaken in May 1986,
Znvest4gated by means of open-ended quest@cns,
smokers' perceptions of physical quality-
This was completed and reported internally in
September 1986. Compilation of the data
showed several categories of physical
characteristics synonymous with good qua! ty.
--hese include firmness, overall balance c:
length dimensions, cigarette rod shape, paper
and filter cclour and lack of manufacturing
de,fects (loose ends, 4.11 fitting seams and
oints e--= At the present time a zeccrt
s-x=arizing the results is being wrizzen.
However, it is envisioned that only a SMa7l
effort w-4-1-1 be placed on this pro`ecm.
C--
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 29 -
OFGANIZATICN 7- CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NUr,5Z-R(S) T-8082-7;S-11-15;03
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE MCBRIDE, C.; B_-_zSCNN_7=1_Z.1 M.
DATE REVIEW WRITT-Z.N January 1987
=11EW TITLE InveSt4;aticn of the Senscry Propert4es of a
@'igazette as it -;s Smoked
TFY___ This project haS now been combined with
Project No. T-SC77-20 'Investigation of t.-e
Smoker-Product Interaction Model. Specific
work in this pr=Ject must await the ccmrletion
of the new smoke dumlicator.
X@b
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

- 30 -
WCR:K AREA 04
B:CLCC-ICAL R-ESEARCHI
/1-1
-Z@.
N:
. . . 11@-
N;
L
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

3
ORGANIZATION -r-L CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT' NUMBER (S) T-7708;04
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE BILIMORIA,M.:.7
DATE REVIEW WRI=--N Januarv 1987
REVIEW TITLE Siological E!fects of Tobacco Smoke and
Tobacco - X in Short Term Tests
REIrl-EEW T=- 1. Mutacenic-'t-i of Commercial Ciaarettes-
As part of this continuing study involving
mutagenicity testing of commercial cigarettes
from around t-'-e world, 4 brands manufactured
-in India have '--ee-. examined for Ames mutagenic
activity. Cha---niaar, plain, believed to be
made using "Natu" tobacco (sun-cured) showed
the highest activity, while Charms V_'rginia
Filter, a King Size, was the lowest, hut the
differences did not achieve statistical
significance. However, all 4 brands were
' : I
s.gn- t1v higher than the Players Check
7 . -
continuity contzol.
2. en:. of Ciqarettes Containing
Added Nicotine:
The role of nicotine in the
mutagenic/carcinogenic activity of condensate
is of great interest to the tobacco industry.
7
I . - 7 and later, B.A.T. studies had
suggested that the nicotine content of tobacco
was assoc-4ater: with higher carcinogenic/
mutagenic activity of the condensate.
Subsequent ZTL studies, in which naturally
Qccurrina hich nicotine tobaccos (flue-cured)
were examined, failed to show higher mutagenic
acmiv-4ty than regular flue-cured tobacco.
The cigaretzes examined in the present study
were produced for human smoking behaviour
studies and contained tobacco to which
increasing amounts of nicotine had been
applied. Ames mutageni.c-ity. testing showed
t@at nicotine content of tobacco was not
associated with the mutagenicity of the
condensate. However, it should be pointed out
that the highest nicotine delivery was only
1.04 mg/cigare=te. Consideration will be
given to producing cigarettes with higher
nicotine levels for mutagenicity testing.
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

- 32 -
3. Mutaaenicity cf Mazinee Cigarettes S=iked
with lubricat_4nq Oil-
Accidental spi_'Iing of a lubricating oil
during cigarette manufacture in the Quebec
city Plant drew attenticn to the fact thaz
cigarettes can become contaminated with trace
quantities of such oils during manufacture.
consequently, it was important to determ4ne
whether or not such oil contaminatic-i had any
effect on the mutagenicity of these
cigarettes. Matinee Kings Filter cigarettes
were spiked with the c-41 at concentrations
ranging from 0 to 1,000 ppm. Ames activity
determinations showed that this oJ' applied to
the cigarettes up to 1,000 ppm had no effect
an the mutagenicity of the condensate.
4. Effect of Additives on Mutaaenicitv:
Additives play an Important role in the
manufacture of cigarettes in many countr_@es,
but little is known about them role in the
biological activity of the condensate. A
series of cigarettes containing prcpylene
glycol (2%), menthcl (3-4 mg/cigazem-_e) and
spearmint (200 prm) were produ;ed as pa=-- of a
P-;-oduct Develcpme'nt exercise and were
subsequently examined -for mutagenic-4ty by the
Ames test. This testing showed that none of
the above additives had any effect on the
mutagenicity of the condensate.
3. Puff Volume and Ames Mutacenicitv:
Studies undertaken at Hamburg and Southampton
showed reduced Ames activity at a puff vcl-me
of 70 ml. which is twice the standard puff-
volume. A human smoking study undertaken at
ITL although not specifically designed to '
study puff volume,-but in which puff volumes
ranged up to 50 ml, showed no dif-ference in
mutagenicities. Consequently, a study at ITL
was undertaken to determine if puff volume did
indeed play a role in the mutagenicity of the
condensate. This ITL machine study confirmed
the observations made earlier in B.A.T.
studies that an increase in puff volume did
lead to a decrease in mutagenicity of the
condensate.
X@-
CD
ON
6
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

3 3
6. Mutagenicity of Tobacco Extracts:
A natural material like tobacco is cftet
contaminated with moulds and other
mr;4-roarganisms, and presently there is no
ramid way of determining what effect this
Mllzrobial growth has on the biological
aczivity of the tobacco or condensate produced
there-from.
Tcbacco extracts from snuff have beer. prepared
and mutagenic activity detected using
Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and
_A1538, indicating the presence of frameshift
mutagens. This observation needs confirmation
and extension to a variety of nor-nal and
mculdy tobacco products.
7. Antioxidants and CSC Mutacenicitv:
work is in progress on screening a number of
antioxidant and other chemicals for their
effect on mutagenicity of CSC. it has already
been demonstrated that ascorbic acid, cysteine
and nicotine have no effect on CSC
mutagenicity whereas 2-amincanthracene
enhances it. The observation that sodium
se:enite reduces the mutagenicit-Y of csc has
now been confirmed, whereas the results with
sodium selenate remain equivocal. T-t has also
been found that ellagic acid reduces the
mutagenicity of CSC while glutathione does
not.
in this study we hope to identify other
chemicals which affect mutagenicity of CSC and
determine if, when applied to tobacco, they
would affect mutager.-icity of the condensate
vroduced on smoking or affect the ability of
tissue preparations to transform mutagens such
as CSC, when injected into or fed- to
laboratory animals.
Zz.
C)
NJ)
X-1h.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

CRGANIZAT-7-ON 17'@ CANADA
_0CAL @, NUMBF-R(S) T-6775;04
GROUP NL.%MER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE KLIMORIA,M.H.E.
;-IATE R=-.r---rW WRITTEN January 1987
Microbiological -,xaminat_'on of Canadian
Tobacco Products, Tobacco Processing and Faw
Materials
REV-: XT 1. Microbioloav of WTS-A Durina Processinc-
and Storace:
A microbiological study of WTS-A was
undertaken since Montreal Plant is interested
in extending the holding time of this material
Tpresently 13 days).
During processing of WTS - A the stem is he-d in
the blending bit for a miziimum of 90 min,:-:es
to a max of 18 hours. Hence samplirg
during processing and storage represented
these two extreme holding times. Weekly
samples up to 4 weeks were also drawn, frc- the
processed WTS-A stored in hogsheads. T-,e
samples, in duzl-'cate, were examined the
bacteria, ther-mophilic
presence c.
actinamycemes, ,Feasts and moulds.
The microbiological examination did nct show
army marked increases microbial nursers
curl-rig prccess-4z.g and st2rage. The only
change noted was a slight increase in yeast
and mould counts in samples drawn from the cut
WTS-A and Wetting Cylinder. Subsequent drying
of the WTS-A resulted in the disappearance of
the organisms, and they remained undetectable
for the 4 weeks during which the samples from
.L
the hogshead were examined. A repeat testing
showed similar effects.
However, before any charge in specificaticns
could be recommended it was considered
important to repeat the storage aspect of this
study on batches of WTS-A produced at 18/'-9%,
20/22% and 24/25% moisv=e levels and stored
up to 6 weeks in hogsheads. When th-,s'was
done it was once again found that WTS-A
produced at up to 22% moisture levels, could
be stored in hogsheads under the present
ambient conditions for up to 6 weeks without
any adverse chemical or microbiological
changes. The WTS-A produced at 24/25%
moisture had an off adour at 6 weeks but did
not show any increase in microorganisms,
suggesting a purely chemical/biochemical
effect of storage at this relatively high
moisture level.
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

- 35 -
2. Microbioloav of Cicar Head Pa
Containing Gum Tracacanth:
C-4ga r head pastes containing gLLn tragacanth
are generally stored for up to 1-3 days.
Declining sales of cigars now call- -for longer
storage periods, hence this shelf-life study.
The pastes were prepared in stainless steel
containers following established practice.
Th
types of pastes differing with respect
to colour (caramel) and sweeteners (saccharine
and aspartame) were examined. Each of the
three kinds of pastes were divided into two
lots, one lot being stored at amb -4 ent
temperature (22-3 0 OC) and the ctner in a cold
room ( 2 - 5 "C) - Viscos-4-y and pH determinations
as well as microbioloaical exam-4nations were
undertaken at weekly Intervals from the time
of preparation to up to eight weeks of
storage.
There was a signif icant decline in pH in all
samples within the first week of storage. No
further significant change in pH was noted
till the Bth week when some of the samples
showed a marked increase. However, this
increase might be related e
to tj, collection cf
these samples without prior staring. An
increase in viscosity of 3,000 cps was reached
after 2 weeks at room temperature and after 14
weeks each at 5 Oc.
The microbiological examinations showed no
significant increase in microbial numbers
throughout the eight weeks of testing. In
fact, except for the bacteria, the numbers of
act-4nomycetes, yeasts and moulds were very
low. Faecal colifo=s were always
Large numbers of bacteria (near I /gram) were
recorded for the regular paste and for the
paste containing saccharine. The
aspartame-containing paste, which was prepared
separately by a slightly different procedure,
always showed lower bacterial counts (near
10 /gram) - The differences in bacterial
num'ers between the pas-le samples suggest that
the method of preparation of pastes might
influence the bacterial numbers. It is also
possible that the two sweeteners introduce
different numbers of bacteria, or the gum
tragacanth from the same container shows a
wide variation in bacterial content.
Nj
CN
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

36
storage at room temperature for six
W;eks the c 4oration
gums showed signs of deter-
as evidenced by the development of an off
cdcur and an increase in visccsit7- since no
_ncreases in microbial numbers were recorded,
ztese changes in physical and chemical
Properties could he due to an enzymatic
Degradation of certain components of the paste
'-7 an autolysis afe the larue numbers of
tacteria that are present.
This study indicates that these pastes are
fairly resistant to microbial spoilage, which
_@s not surprising considering the chemical
nar-ure of gum tragacanth. Storage at 5 C
zetards the physical and chemical changes
::ecorded at ambient temperature, and is
recommended. Further, a shortening in
Preparation time cf the pastes by employing
::ea-. and reducing the gum to a powder would
`--ther improve the quality of the pastes.
I'-nally, it is suggested that this single
s-:udy be repeated employing special media
encouraging growth of gum tragacanth-ut-JIisIng
micrcorganisns (enrichmerr- culture
Methodology).
N.:
--4
J.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

ORGANIZATION !T- C@N;LDA
LOCAL PROJECT NUIA--=7-'z(S) T-7710;04
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONS:BL-r BILZMORZA,M.H.
DATE REVIEW WRITTM-N January 1987
REVIEW TITLE Biocnemic-al E-Ef-fects of Tobacco Smoke Exposure
in Experimental knimals
REVIEW TEXT In -the last sta-:-.:s review we reported that
exposure of Spraque-Dawley rats to 40 puffs of
a I :3 di'lut-'--n of smoke from Players Check
ciga=ettes resulted only in a slight lowering
of glutazh-4cne (GSH) in lung. Increasing the
smoke ex=)csuze tc 120 puffs resulted in a
lowering of GSH in. lung and kidney but not in
the liver. tx-pcsure had to be increased to
240 puffs of d-'-7uted smoke before significant
reduction c-f G'S-H was recorded in lung, kidney
and liver. A study of this effect of
smoke exposure has shown that levels of GSH in
lung and kidney react control levels within 3
hours, while tl@e liver shows reduced levels
e- even 6 hours af-:@e= exposure.
We have examinea Gauloises, to determine
whether fewer puffs would produce an
equivalent effect on GSH. Gauloises contains
a dark, aiz-curet, fermented tobacco, and is
about three ti-mes as active as the Players
Check in tne Ames zest. However, this
cigarette was no different from the Players in
te=s of reducing GS'F levels in rat tissues.
A similar pattern of reduction and resynthesis
of GSH was observed.
Since it is known that chemicals such as
formaldehye, acetaidehyde and acrole-4n react
with glutathione and cyste-ine, it was quite
possible that the vapouz phase of cigarette
smoke was responsible for reducing the GSH
levels in rat t-'ssues. Consequently, we
exposed rats to a 1 mg tar cigarette,
Medallion, and found that exposure to smoke
'From, this 1cw tar cigarette did not
4@:b
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

3 8
-result in lowering C-f GSH levels in rat
tissues. we also exposed rats to the vapour
phase obtained from Players Check by means of
a Cambridge filter. Thus, vapcur phase
ccnponents played no role in lowering tissue
GSH lev S.
On account of the general protective role of
a these studies have now been
extended to Vitamin C. A simple and rapid
procedure for deternining Vitamin C in serum
is based on the reduction of ferric chloride
bv this vitamin. The resulting ferrous ions
are quantitated by reaction with
2,11,6-tripyridyl-s-triazine (TPTZ) to give a
purple colouz which absorbs maximally at 595
nm. This procedure has been adapted for
determining Vitamin C in tissues such as lung,
liver, kidney, heart and bladder. Preliminary
studies suggest that under smoke exposure
conditions which result in lowering GSH
'levels, V'tamin C remains unaffected in all
tissues, except lung, in which a small
reduction was note-d'. This is surprising in
Iiaht of the earlier in vit.-o. studies at !TL
W-1ch showed a rapiz @ between
tcbacco smoke and V_4tamin C, and reports of
human studies in which smokers showed lower
levels of Vitamin C in serum. Wculd guinea
p--gs, which like humans, need vitamin C for
growth, give results different from those
given by rats when exposed to tobacco smoke?
Work is in progress to answer this and other
questions being a -d- d =es -4z this project.
X::.
C:)
N.;
_r:b
N;
CN
6
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999

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40 -
ORGANIZATION ZM CANALA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) T-0575;T-23-1-2-1;05
GROUP NUMBER
PMSON RESPONSIBLE DUPLESSIS,G.
DATE REVIEW WRI=N January 1-987
R___VIEW TITLE Evaluaticn of Flue-Cured Tobacco Pesticides
?----Vl-rw T_r1KT No new pesticides were submitted for licensing
in 1986. work on dichloran for the control of
pcle rot '-as been discontinued. As was
anticipa-:ed, residue levels were excessively
high (> 15 ppm). Formaldehyde wall be
recommended as a means of disinfecting kilns
and stacks in order to reduce infection.
pressures Treating of the kilns must be
completed in June to all,ow sufficient time for
varours to diss-'Date.
Gover=.en-: survey of pesticide residues on
imported mcbacccs is in progress. A-71 tobacco
types (cigar, air-cured, flue-cured) are being
sam=led. None of the results of analyses have
been ci=:Iated to date.
N;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

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CRGANIZA----ON ITL C;@-NADA
LCI@:@ PRC@7=-T NUMMER(S) T-044-;;C6
GROUP NMSER
?----ISCN RESPONSIBLE GRAY,W.;,.
DATE FXV:EW WRI=-N January 1987
F Z 7-7: ZZ W T -- T?- E Redrying Process Study GLT Aylmer
R=-7--EW I EXT All the tests on the unaged samp-les save been
comnleted. Test results sent tc (UK & E)
R & D-
Scheduling of the testing of the aged samples
has been delayed until the results cf the
testi.-c- of unaged samples have been assessed.
Xtb.
Nj
_tz@.
_N;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

4 32
ORGANIZA--:ON : :T'- CANALA
ICCAL PROJECT Kt7,=-R(S) : T-0450-1;06
GRCUP NUMB---R
PE:--SON REESPONS7-37-7 GRAY,W-A-
DATE REVIEW WR= January 1987
Rr;:[-rW TITLE Aging of Packed Flue Cured Strims
RZV1 EW MX-- Samples sent to BAT (UK & E) R & D as per
agreed schedule.
X-121.
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BATCo document for Province of BritlSh Columbia 14 April 1999

4 4
CRGANTZATZON 7- CANADA
:,OCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) ':-6905;06
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSZBLE GRAY,W.A.
DATE REV--,---W WR:'-r= ;anuary 1987
Rr-IIEW T--M-7 i.,-,Iprovement of Low and Med-',im Quality Camadian
-@,Iue Cured Tobacco.
Rrr:Eld T-rXT Final subjective testing results sent to BAT
(UK & E) R & D in January 1-987. BAT will
rencrt our results with t-'-eir own analyses of
tne tobaccos.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

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ORGAN:ZAT:ON 7-1_ CAN;kDA
LOCA-7 ?RCjECT NUMBER(S) `T-'5710;?-'_Z-_1-l;06
GRCUPF NUMBER
PERSCS RMSPONSMELE L Z= T , G
DATE REVIEW WR17-rEN Januar,
.[ 1987
REVIEW TITLE Loose Ends Study
PHASE I (completed)
Loose end detectors an FOCKE packers are used
with Accurav 7000 systems to count and reject
.loose end cigarettes.
The ecretage return level should be set at 25%
in order to minimize loose ends whi_@e
malintaining a satisfactory end stability
leve_,.
PHASE 11 (completed)
The level of loose ends increases when: a
maker is not in good working order, tobaccc
wei#z is reduced, tobacco moisture increases
or when the level of Smalls (i.e. tc-1,,acco frcm.
cigarette ripping) increases. The Above
effects and interaction were quantified.
Circ,xr.ference of + 0.1 mm around tarzet have
Tevel of loose ends.
no el"ecm on the
-7.Ids stability (fall-out) and loose ends a=a
not necessarily interrelated.
PHASE 7-71 (-A"uture)
Plans for Phase II: will be prepazed in 1-987
and will include: pocket disc, AB rails,
ligh't segments auto rejection, positioning of
the ecretage return in feeder.
N.;
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

4 6
CRGANIZA----CN CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NUTA-BERF (Z) T:_7350-1;:,-13;06
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLE H---RTL-7, K.
DATE R=W WRITTEN January 1987
REVIEW TITLE Stem Process Optimization - STS Process
_R E VI -7 W T E XT This is a f ollow-up to the Primary Processing
Comparison which recommended the installation
of a STS (Steam Treated Stem) unit develo-)ed
'-y BAT Germany.
This project is divided into four stages.
Stage 1 involves reviewing the effects on WTS
__11 value of rolling gap, cutting moisture
and variable stem sugar content. 1-1 has been
recommended that the current gap widta be
increased from 0.5 to 1.0 mm. This change
increases cutter spills, increases the
proportion of particles retained by a 12 mesa-.
screen in a Rotap and decreases fines.
CtageS TT, I17 and 1V in olve a STS uniz in
w@,ich inlet STS moisture, cut width, dryer
mcde (counter-cur-rent and co-current) and STS
variables (steam/air flow and plate
ccnf iguration) will _1--e c-itimized.
X@.
N.;
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BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 14 April 1999

4 7
ORG.@Ulz-_ Z ATION :IT'- CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT YUMBF-R(S; :T---`3-,!--2;M-3-1-12;06
GROUP NUMBER
PERSON RESPONSIBLZ HIR=-Z,K.
DATZ- 'REVIEW WRITTF-N January 1987
REEV--EW TITLE Spi!-7s Removal at Maker
REVr-70; Tl-rxl-r Maker spills (created by stem and Veins cut
with lamina) have been divided into two
categories - coarse (> 9 mesh) and fine (< 9
me si- ) . It was determined that cut tobacco
delivered to the maker contains 0.4 to 0.5
percent coarse spills and 5 to 6 percent fine
s-zills. Maker settings have been found whic.-.
remove a majority of coarse spills and a
m_ln:..,.Ium of fine spills and cut tobacco.
Findings were applied to 3 additional makers.
whi.--e one maker could be adjusted to remove a
J
ria I c: iti of coarse spills with a minimum of
fine spills, two other makers could only
remove a majority of coarse spills with a mucl-
grez--:ez- quantity of fine spills. The possible
reasons are being investigated.
using a different type
Eur---e= work is planned - -
of air seal (Rothmans') and ex-4t maker
ch-4.-=ey.
Zz.
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4 8
ORGANT-ZATICN CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT @ T-3329-1;06
GROUP NUMBER
DATE REVIEW January 1987
REVIEW T2:TLF. investigat-4on of WTS Inclusion on Consumer
Perception
REVIEW Subjective, chemical and physical testing of a
du Maurier tobacco with 18, 20, 22 and 23
percent WTS in King Size and Regular length
-crmat was nerfc=ed. Nc differences were
detected and a maximum tolerance lim cf +10
percent of the specified proportion was
established. Project conrleted.
CD
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ORGANIZATION : IT-- CANADA
LOCAL PROJECT NUMBER(S) :
GROUP NUDMEIR
PERSON RESPONSIBLE : DUPLESSIS, G.
DATE RZVIr-W WRIT`71-N : January 1987
TITLE : improvements to the Aut::mated Methods fcr
Determination of Total Alkaloids and Sugars
Tobacco
R F V! W T F-%"-r : A modified method based on the generation of
cyanog-en chloride from z-e reaction of
potassium t@iocyanate and sodium hypochlorize
7
was proposed to Chemlab instruments. in t-h2.3
modified procedure the no=al aniline buffer
is replaced by a sulfan4lic acid buffer.
Results of analyses on 30 samples ranging fr=m
1.71% to 3.68% total alkalaids show acceptable
agreement among the three alkaloid methcds
studied:
thiocyanate - hypoch-1cri--e - an-JI-ine
hiocyanate - hyT;oc;-,--or-te - sulfar,4,-,-
t.
acid
cyanide - chicramiae T sul-fanilic acid
@.his new modificati--n would elimina-:e the
hazards associated with tne handling of hot'--
cyanides and an-J-1-ine.
co
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BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 14 April 1999