rj--v OTANTATUTKINAUS, 0Y OTANTATUMMUS OY THE EFFEMS OF SNIOMNG ON ENVMONbl3UW February L994 Risto Varmota BAT MULAND rfear~ksmkcrj :1.' 3 -,31= C) Jtt~b %_0 BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 CONTENTS SUMMARY I PREFACE 3 1.1 The purpose ofthe research 3 I implementation I 1.2 Researc 3 2 RESULTS 2.1 Environmental probims 5 2-Z The kLMwnces of cigarette snoking 6 2.3 How a cigarette should be changed 7 . z 2.4 Ilie undmigeable properties of cigarettes 9 i 2-5 Evaluation of possible changes 9 2.6 Ile price of pro-enTironmentai dgarettes 11 2.7 Name and packet 12 3 TBE ECO-FACKETS OF aGARETTES 13 3.1 Backgmund 13 3-2 Unbleacited park 13 3.3 Oxygen-bleached ftn ?4a 14 3.4 Present pan Mail packets 14 CD N ...a CD Un r\j BATCo document for Legal Services - Health Canada 19 October 1999 f SUMMARY Smoking cigarettes and the disadvantages caused by it don't belong to the most important environmental problems. The consumers are most concerned aboutthe thM= from outsitip of Firfland and xbgut the deeds of industrv in ntir own cat=31. Smokers have e adaptedw 11 to the restrictions placed on them. They would to relative extent be ready for even stricter restrictions. Very few w-1 ors: at home, those who smoke only a little seem to people smoke indo have a-'guilty CO . Mlense because . of their smoking. The biggest problem in smoking is the smoke It causes disadvantages to non-smokers. who are in the same room, and who unwillingly have to breathe in the smoke. Smoke causes headache, irritation of ayes and throat. It also clings to clothes and textiles in the apartment for a long time. Smoke. is not only the non-smoker's problem. Also smokers consider the smoke to be a problem because of the same reasons. The biggest problem of the parts of a ci arette is perhaos the filtgr It is i2a, andwrIC proollm in the environme doesn't rat well. Cigarettes are very well packed, the plastic wrapper and the aluminium paper of the packet seem to be somewhat ques-tionable. The consumers can not estimate the real importance ofthese considering the quality of the product. Proper puffs. taste and 'ritualso in smakina are thinas that people don't want to give up in cigarettes. Changing the scent of smoke is an interesting poinit People didn't- really belleve in fresh scents. They questioned the unfadlngness of the scents and their ability to match with different scents. The stuffy afterscent could be even more terribi . In addition. if a cigarette doesn't smeff awful it doesn't feel so unhealthy, but too attractive. In the consumers' opinion. there Is no hinder for abandoning nacking materials bleached with chlorine or the olastir, wragIner around thLa paCkat or the siuminium wragolir inside thg 1jackest. Suhs-riturign mf aU nf Thasa elements with a more Dro-environmental material. which micht look little more modest, would not diminish the attr2ctivenass of cigargartge- as long gs they taste the same. It would be impossible to- manace without a filter but it could he mada-aL pager or oerhaas of tohar.CIL .I::;. C:) J1 171Q %~D CD Ul (A BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 It would be a big step forward if the-amount of smoke in cigarettes could re diminished. We ought to try to diminish the smoke from the buming end of the cigarette as much as possible. Relatively many people would be ready to pay a little more for a more ero-envitonmental c!Sarette than for a present type of the eigarerre. Smoking is connected with negative features; close people criticize. and even the smokers think that smoking is unhealthy/expensive/polluting. it could be possib,e to diminish the pressure from the environment by diminishing the disadvantages. -environmental The answerers who don't smaki thought that the pro properties might also increase the. awactiveness of smoking. Anyhow, it wis also said That eygn The smallest chariggs which-on scare t environment are worthwhiLe. There are always going to be people who smoke. The name of a pro-environmental cigarette would probably begin or end with something like Eko/Eco. A Finnish word would not be suitable for a name, and it ditin't become clear into which ot the present product groups it would f':. The Lacket could 'ie made of recycle paper. Pall Mail mock I 1Uc warp x0tu much liked in the -:rouas of non-sMgkers. jhgj Myere cislarty atTracmdly- Packets which dif 'ar considerable from the present onel This kind of a packet would exactly show the point of the cigarettes. The logo and the trade name could Jnk the product to an existing product group. The answerers th-uOt thar the buyers of prc-envirenmental cigarettes would be Youna .-,rcmen, who have smoked for perhaps only a sho r Lm-e. Environmew at issues are of increasing imDortance for cgnsumem Youna Peoole are- -nore inteLeste-d in their environment than earlier. That is why a pro-ellvironmental aEgduct could have I considerable advamaq- in marketing, if the messace can be transmtned to the consumers. CD CD Pli 1 ~10 Ln -r- BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 19 October 1999 f -3 THE EFFEC OF SLMOMG ON'ENTMONN= This research has been carried out by Otantatutkimus Oy at the request of BAT Finland Oy. 1 PREFACE 1.1 The pur7ose of the resen-ch 11m purpose of this reseuch. was to clear connections between cigarette =oking and environmental. questions. Attention was paid, for example, to following matters: - general attitude toward environmental questions - to what extent cqprc= smoking and environmental questions are being connected togetha - how cigarette lmxh=n pay attention to environmental questions - what things could and should be paid attentim to - which properties of cigarettes are unchangeable - consideration of the different parts of a packet (pLastic cloth, pad= alumfttium wrapping, cigarette paper, stamp, evrette, filta, smoke., cigarette size) from the pro-environrawtal. point of view price, of a cigarette what kind of brand, name and packet who would be interested 1.2 ResearelL implementation Group discussions were used as a research method. There were totally six of them. In four discussions there were cigarette smokers between the ages of 20 and 45. Two of these discussions took place- in Helsinki on February Sth. The first group was fbr women and the second one for men. Both groups involved eight membem Two discussions were arranged also in TyvfiskylI on, February 10th. The fint group involved ten female smokers and the other one six male smokers. Two discussions were arranged for non-smokers on February 15th, of which one for women and the other for men. Both groups involved eight members between the agres of 20 and 45. -r.>¯ CD CD -c~b r\j %.0 Ln BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 . I -4- The group of non-smokers d1=1-A cipreft smoking from the point of idew of non-smokers and how ft neVLtkve affects of =oIdng could be reduced. It was also discussed whether or not pro-environmental cigarettes made smoldng more acceptable. -C:D. CD N.) %,0 CD (-n C7% BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 19 October 1999 I 2 RESULTS 2.1 Envirommental. problems Ile groupmembers were asked to tell about the environmental, problems, big or small, they consider important. It was the big environmental. problems that were first brought up where as the snmu, everyday ina we= brought up later or forgotten to some crtent. The greatest environmentaL poIIW=M am Kola, Russian nuclear power plants and industrial effluent from Poland asid. CmtW E=pc- From the =1nn1sh industrial. pollution was considered most inxpor~ant; the pollutants environmental. ha rd caused by single individuals wam reguded as a secondary matter. Industrid effluent into water systems and air are still. remrkable, although stry is amch hevier energy consumer ihan Some progress has been made The irmhL single individuals are, and energy producing cormnaft nanzral resources and causes pollution. Traffic and exhaust Sam w= f2-1;2 to every otte~ and could be especially wen zemadmd on such cold winter days as the meetingdays wem The questions conceraing recycling were a common topic. People are very willing to sort out their rdme and recycle in A possible ways, but there is a lack of collecting i ccnum& There were, however, mentionq of successful. =t2d= in =dzm q?risma). Automarkets, however, am not Eelsmki Espoo 9.4qxflaivz) and JyA"11 convenient for everybody, bec=se those people who don't own a car can not deliver their rdm to the collecting canam One of the big problems in recycling was how to get lid of plastic bags- The attitild in every group: it was very difficult to get rid of towards this problem. were: plastic bags, and they we= too easily available. Them things should be solved by some means. Cigarette smoking was mentioned as one of the enviroamcatil. pollutants. It was, however, in none of the group the first thing that ca= Mto mind, and was not regarded as a big problem. 7be non-smaker men did not spoa=eously bring it up during discussions lasting over ten minutes The Mvir==tal problems resulting from smoking were characterised as smoke and smell problems. Even the smoia= disfilmd the cigarette smell in their clothes. CD 1 CD ~10 CD BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 19 October 1999 6- E!Mle take environmental 99gstions verv senou In every group there were people I who actively paid attention to the pro-wavironrawaLity of the products they bought, and who tied to protect nature in their daily lives. On the other hand, there were plenty of those ddaking *something should be done% and whose ecologicd activity restricted for example in some kind of Orefiisesorting. I in other words those people are waiting for stronger signals. 4E, Some of the people thought that them was not much a single per can do fbr the benefit of environment, bemuse industrial power consumption, pollution 0= were so overwhelming- Anyway, there were hardly any totally indifferent opinions to environmental matters orr da whole- Pmtqs the- patcipats tendbd to give a forbettered picture of their pro-eavironmental behaviour. On the other hand, examples of completely irresponsible consumers were given. 0. .- . 1 2.2 The influences of cigarette smoking - I he following influeaces of ciprette smoiting wem mentioned: the dangerous agents of cigai - smoke that initam other people's eyes and - the smake clings to the clothes and brings bad-smalling air into rooms breath; passive smoking was considered very dangerous - after smoking the stuffy air remains long in the room - the filter tips are j= thrown awar, children can eat them; not easily decomposing; also an aesthetic problem the plastic wrapping is unasy to destroy the aluminium paper inside the packet is undecomposable because of tobacco growing huge amounts of rain forests are cut down in order to .7 . : . . . . . ; t land and to dry toba=. This causes crosion and changes ft oxygen . - A rain arable content of the earth. Moreover, the amble Land could be better used fbr the benefit of the development countries. C) The non-smokars suffer mainly from the smoke, which uritates, clings to the clothes and remain& The filter aps, packets and wrappings were considered a secondary problem. The non-smakers suB:red pdmazily from passive smoking in r*es=ra=. Also all smokers' groups regarded smoke in restaurants as a problem. The smo causes headache and a little bit stuffy feeling for the fbilowing morning. The bad-smelling clothes were repulsing for every one. .4~b M CD %.0 CD ~_n BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 I From those who smoke it was only the single people d= smoked inside Those who had a hunfly (also some of the singles) smoked outside. An exception was made by a. 45-year old woman, who smoked inside, because she smoked so much that it would have been rather difficult always to smoke out of doors. The woman had to air so often. that bw flowers suffered. Now she though to become fbrced to move outside with ha cigarettes, because she was about to become & grandmother, and her daughter had said she would not visit hw with the baby if mother stacked. In almost every group it was known that cigarette producing required a great deal of environmental problems in dm developing feHing, which in turns caused remarkable countries that could bm f were, a~-rcachuig effectL Miere in any case, several that were unaware and sur ana interested of the flict. One special evvironmental, problem resulting indirectly from cigarettes is formed by throwaway lighters, which are very difficult to d estroy. 2.3 How a cigarette should be changed The participants did not actually know whether or not the tobacco industry used some methods to make its products more beneficial for naturr- Light cigarettes, however, were thought to be one of those methods as well as the text on cigarette packets reminding of the dangers of cigaremm At least they were thought to prevetit health hazards. The campaign for considerAtc; smokmg (Enomaavaisen. Mpakoinnin puolem) was also remembered as an counple of this kind. The suggestions. on basis of the inquiry about how to make cigarettes and smoking more ecological were as fbUows: there ~,thjMild be more ashtrays on die town so that filter t1ps: did not end up on the pound cigarette we should be made easily burnable packets should be made mom ecolcpcal, fbr example of recycling paper cigarettes shoidd be sold separately (without unnecessary packets) so that one could buy as many cig ', as he wants the cigarette smell should be converted into something else, for example mom strawberry-like the plastic and aluminium wrappings should be left out cigarettes should be made lighter there should be developed a smolft-jess cigarette it would be good if cigarettes burned completely or almost comple:dy smoking could be reduced by lowering the pri= of nicotine chewing gums and Plasters better air-(=ditioning in resmurants; ashtrays should *suck' cf.-garette smoke N) N10 C::) Url %10 BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 in the =okers, groups the continuous, unavoidable burning of a cigarette was discussed. That kind of 'self-burning' was considered a I= Because of the Uniciry of cigarette smoke the burning was also considered a clear envirownetttai bazard. From the suggestion concermng packtt, separately sold cigarettes and plastic and alummitun wrappings were connected with cigarette evaporatim It was thought that their sale would not: hve been eny to arrange, or cv= fbrbidden. The idea of being able to buy digarettes in thesame way as boubons was felt, to be nice. One could for example buy festival cigaream everyday cigarettes; excqAio=Uy smelling cigarettes e= One could buy fifty, an othei ten' It should be possible either to give up the alumidum: Or plastic wrapping. Both belong to bazardous waste and pre-ma the -me thing, cigareme evaporation. R should be found a solution, in which the prieventive effects of both wrap;ings could be combined. Aa alternative to this would be to develop the packet: so that either one could be left ouL It was thou& that the plastic wrapping could be left out as there was already a plastic wrapping on the carton. Aft= opening the packets are being sold and the cigarems smoked in a couple of days. A pm= being afiaid of wriporation can simply put the packet into a plastic bag. The idea of a differently smelling (the smell of strawbezry, lemon or apple) appealed to the target groups. The k= were, however, aft2id of how the new smell would affect the taste. The members were also concerned about how for example lemon* would smell on the following day as the ordinary tobacco smell was at its worst. 7hey thought the lemoe (for example) could smell. even worse. In the non-smoking t;uZet groups this change 1= M4=dy smelling cigarettes was supported, because it would eliminate die essential, problem of -Aling Ilm members war, howevw, concerned about that this improvement would maim cigarettes attract even more and also new stmokers. Cigarettes have to smelL bad, bemuse it tells people they are dangerous. One of the smakers had experimented with a nicatineless, boney-smelling ciprette and disliked 14 be=, there had not beta a hint of honey. C> Xt:. Nj BATCO document for Legal Services ' Health Canada 19 October 1999 I 2.4 The uncitangeable properties of cigarettes The question of the unchangeable properties of cigarettes brought following answers: the smoke the possibility of suciting (but not too heavily) the possibility of lighting (should not be sdf-lighting, as lighting is a ritual; how you pick the cigarette from packet, how you put it into your mouth, how you keep it in your mouth) a cigarette has to contain sufficiendy nicotirto'. which leads to the dependence on icient nicotiner satisfics ft need of nicotine cigarettes; SUM I . I . - - tta size and tm -~- ~- - t: -, - - - I . w W ---t The feeling of getting iufficicrttly smoke was considered important. If a. cipmft had to be sicked too heavily, it was poor- Cigarette size was dw dis cu. ssed. Experiments with cigarettes, which were more denda than usually, were held bad. Blend. for example, did not fed like a cigarette, because it had to be sucked heavily. Those smokers having not experimented with slender cigarettes thought the slenderness would not have made a negative influence. 2-5 Evaluation of the possible cimuges The propm-dw of cigarettes and packets thn could be changed into more pro-environmental. were considered next The list of possible changes and their I influence came from the cli=t. 1. Plastic wmppiag. The plastic wrapping was held unnecessary. It was, however, not known how cigarettes would maintam their quaI4 if th= we= not any plastic wrapping. Some thought the wrapping was not rich a big deal that it should be changed. An opposite argument to this was that even a. small change is necessary if C; == bewAts from it. Some one said he always opened a paper wrapping with a clca= conscience than a plastic one. 2. Pzck~ The smokers said the outlook of the packet is unimportant if only the contents are *as befbre" and familiar. The change from the chlorine bleached packet into an oxygen bleached was fmmd reasonable- The change in die packet outlook did not worry, anyone and was not found an important thing to discuss. Ile smokers thought cigarettes could be packed in packets made of recycled paper. People have got used to brown filters, and a brown sugar bag feels already be= than a white oric. CD -r~b Nj ON BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 The thicknes of cardboard provoked differing opinions. Those who p=fcrred hard cl-s thought the packet should be strong (especWly if cigarWft are kcpt in a pa pocket). A thinner packet is good all right if it is kept in a bag or br= pockeL 3. Aluminh= Wrapping. Ile aluminium wrapping was regarded as disadvantageous for nat= already in ft opening discussion. It was Wt thought to be important or worth sving, because it does not bring any extta value to cigarettes. The al=ini= wra;*g could be replaced with a paper one. it would not necessadly look bad and it could also be stained 4. CIgareft paper. Chaiglig the chlorine bleached cigarette paper into an oxygen bleached was not thought to be. an important: thing. Ebwever, the change was not regarded as unpleasant and it would not affect ft attraictiveness of cigwatcL It would be logical. to ctmage the agarem paper mto more ecological if the packet material is changed. 5. Stamp. The stamp on the cigaretm was aroused astonishment The members did not quite =km=d its function. The text on die packet was regarded as import;mt, not the StamP On the cigaredr-I Those who don't see very weR said they could not db= anything on it 6. Filter tip. The filter tip was one of the things coming E= into mind as a polluter. It seemed that people wem ready to replace: it with mom ecological alternatives. This of vim was Supported by the fi= that everyone having lighted the wrong point cign end knew how terribly the filter tip rno4ted It was difficu to give opinions of alternative filter tips wWxmt seeing a=. 1"he paper Eker was sem as a good and reasonable altananve, because it would moulder ore easily. anatioa was that the tobacco stuff Cigarettes with= fib= wa opposed. The expL would come into mouttL It was also thought d= a cigarette without filtier would not cm the same One, means in replacing fil= tips was a cigarette holder. People should, however, get used to iL To become reWIy acceptable it should be made a sort of hit of. The how= should be made of wood or of som other ma-cht people cmild just throw away. A durable holdw would be one alternative, but it should really be easily cleanable. Emptying of dw holder would cause a spwW problem. C) CD X~zb N) .1.0 C) Cr\ NJ BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 7. Smoke. To affect the cigarette smoke aroused positive reactions. The smoke was considered the biggest ham; smokers themselves and especially thow who don't =oke suffer from it. It would be usdW in many ways to reduce the smoke; it would reduce all kinds of inconvenience and the cigarnme would prestunably I= longer. However, consumers don't want cigare= that go our'on their own. They think it would be too complex to light one and the "me cigarette one time after an other. Thu a cigareft gets shorter was not thought to be very harniful. 8. CIgarette sim The members wantc& to maintain cigare= size und- pd. Mom slender felt diT cigarettes mmlt to get iied to, and e:qmdmwts'with cigarefts of excepdoW sizes were reVzded as baxL Potential, savings as a result of smaller cigue= were thought to be unimportant. They were also difficult to identify. r 9. Tobacco production. The un=dogical measura in tobacco production were: familia. to " relatively conscious persons and were considered concerning. On the other hand, them are plenty of peopla- d= are unaware of this matter and consider it quite distant. The non-smokcr womezi found it an essential problem. 2.6 Ilie price of pro-environmental cigaretta The opinions of the pd= of pro-environmental cigarettes varied. Those who demanded cheaper prices argued that if thL7 cated for their environment and chow a less p olluting aftertiative it should be requited bry cheaper prices. Some people were ready to pay as much as now at the mosL They thought that cigarettes were already very eqxmsim It took a lot of money especially if you were unemployed, student or lowincomer. There were, however, plenty of those who wem willing to pay am mom fbr Pro-enidwamental cigarettes. Some kind of a bad conscience seemed to be the rezson fbr thiL N die polluting izdluc= of cigarem smolm- and the Uttedn influence of filter tips could be reduced, rather many could pay mom than now and with a be= feeling, too. At the moment 20 FIM would be a rather suitable price for a cigarette of this kind. More th2n that would be too much. CD CD %.0 CD C31% L4 BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 19 October 1999 t -12- In principle, the smakers were interested in this kind of & cigarette and willing to expenment with it. The experiment would then influence shopping behaviour. The taxation on cigarettes was thought to have a strong effect on the price of this product. However, it might be rather difficult to gain reduction on the tax of a pro-envirotimental cigarette. The changes should be grear and reliable. It could also be asked whether or not it is possible to talk about pro-environmental cigarettes. Probably it is only possible to talk about a. more pro-environmental cigarette, which is harmfd, anyway. ? In Finland it is difficalt to introduce a new cigarette brand, for example a pro-enviro . nmental onji~. It is difEcult to inform consurnasof die new quality of a product without advertising~ ne clianges wem not so evident and easy to communicate that they could be noticed by the packet only. A number of items dealt in the groups were rather complex. Tobacco growing was one of them. knowledge of Interest in a product is small if it is mom expiesisive than normally and its differing properdw is unavailable. The smokers though4 however, that the most important property, the taM had to remain. They were ready to give up other things, for example something in the packeL Because of the lack of communication between consumers and tobacco industry the demand% of consumers don't make the industry develop pro vironmental products- Where can consum= get information of the possible changes in cigarettes? It is not available in Finland. bftybe it is available in abroad. 2.7 Name and packet The respondents did not have many suggestions for the name of the new product. It did not feel natural to incorporate the name with the existing ones. One respondent suggested "Belmone, his own brand, which, he told as a joke, was recommended by the Skiing Lzague (Hn- The name could, for example, begin with "Eco" or relate to it. *The cigarette of long life* was one humorous suggestion. The name also had to commn some English elenteam becam a completely Fbanish name does not break through here in Finland. The green colour is traditionally related to menthoL and cari not be used with these cigarettes as a main colour. The packet could be made of recycled paper. If it is question of an old product group the packet should differ clearly from the already existing packets. Young women were thought to be most interested in these eco-6garettes. The eco-ciprettes might increase the interest in smoking. On the other hand, the most interested eco-cigarette smokers could be quite *new" smokers, as young people usually smoke the same brand with their friends. CD .r:::. rQ %~D CD CYN .r:_ BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 -environmental cigarettes may also cause opposition if they are thought to The pro produce new smokers and ignore health hazards. The non-smokm considered that it was misleading to combine the *=* and cigarettes, bemuse cigarettes and toba could never be pro-environmental products. on the other hand it was considered strange if tobacco industry did not move towards mom ecological powduction. , ~il .- -- 3 THE ECO-PACKETS OF CIGARLTM 3.1 Background A couple of Eco Pin bdall mock ups were: introduced to the groups Of non-SMOking consumers. They evaluated the packets separately and to each others and to some extent also to present pach in addition, in Helsinki on March 2nd there were two groups evaluating the same packet nxxW& One group bad six smokers between the ages of 20 and 35. The other group contshied five smakers between the ages of 30 and 45. Th both groups there we= Itwee women. These two groups evaluated also the present Pall hfall packets. 3.2 Unbleached packets Most of the reactions were positive. In two groups (the non-smoking women and older smok=) they were Eked very much. At first, the basic model (two similar) of unbleached cardcard was inawticed. It was told to look nice-, good, stylish, unnoticeable and better-looking than the present ones. Diversity and style would be the advantages of this packet The style would be suitable for a kind of re-proletarfate of the present day, the sign of which is, for Lumple, a worn-bought leather jackeL These packets give clearly a cheap impression- "Cheap* is a dual phenomenon nowadays. It is good if a packet looks cheap, bemuse it is always good to save money, and especially in cigarettes. A pwket made of cheap material n- some people feet less quilt of smoking. The negative point in looking *cheap' is that cheapness is associated with depression and Russian cigarette packets. The consequence of this is that the content is regarded as *cheap, too. The other of the two smoker-groups thought mainly like that. CD CD CD 0% Ln BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999 -14- The unbleached and basic coloured models were better thaa the darker or slightly rod-striped ones. The last mentioned was heavily rejected. General opinioa was that a pro-environmental packet must be as simple as possible. That is how it affiects and influences most effectively. 3.3 Oxygen-bleached Pall Mall, The Pall Mall FF packet made of oxygen-bleached cardboard was accepted very well. This packetwas preferred to thepresent one. There was acitl=r0ection, a= consideration of a changing buying behaviour. Actually it was thought consumers would not remark any dffcm= if the came into market There was am any essential difference in the printout, and even if there was it was not disadvantageous to the new packet at all. The muf= of the packet was M fairly good, although it was not as smooth as the present- one. 3A Present Pall bUll packets The prc=t Pall bbd packets war described to look good, cqxnsive, stylish and bright-coloured. The general opinion was, however, that they looked like candy packets. Some persons were interested in and attracted to colourful packfa, although they also X. call rejection. VVhen considering the faults of the present packem the intensi:%,~ or tints of colour wem not regarded as problems. In. any case, very bight coloues do not forin a strength as there am lots of such places and occasions where smokers want to hide their smoking, and a colourful packet does not help them in the MiL The cigareft brand of the participants was usually Maidboro or Lbf, the packets of which were clearly dichromaric: containing a half of white and a balf of some other colour. Pall Wall packets are clearly of me colour and the letters on it am relatively small. This m, an impression of a different packeL t:~- CD CD _c~:- fll%i %M CD a,, (DN BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 19 October 1999