hET'.!--,DI)L0C;Y Or T'HE FILTZ'I V3%'TILkTT0B' A14ALYSIS
    The purposes of these procedures are:
    1. to measure first puff dilution of the sample cigarette (and subse-
    quent puffs L41 desired).
    2. to calcul3te first puff dilution by dissection of the cigarette and
    it ' easu:eman: of the air permeability characteristics of the individual
    components,
    3. to calculate the erjuiv3lent effective area (EEA) of plu-, wrap for the
    cigarette,
    POE
    4. to predict t".e change in dilution afforded by changin.-
    permeabili:-. ,
    Three articles that explain the princinles underlying the procedures are:
    1. Achieving Cnntrol and Uniformity of Filter Tip Ventilation with
    P0R0'-,'?,kP Porous Plug Wrap Papers, Technical Bulletin. Schweitzer
    Division. Kl=berly-Clark Corp. , John H. Mathews.
    2. The p2rnaa~,_"Iity of Cigarette Papers and Cigarette Ventilation,
    William A. S-31!ca and John FL !'atthetis, Beitraze zur Tabakf orsch4n7,
    Int2rnlitiona' . 9. 1973.
    3. Dilution of %-,arette Smoke Thr3u.-,h Ventilation of Filters, William
    A. Selice. 11eizraiZe zur-Tabakforschiin,~ International, 9, 1978. 190.
    Figure I is a diagram of the apparatus used to measure the first puff dilution
    of cilarettes: Figur,3'11 shows the configuration used for non-filtered
    ci~larettes.
    ZIRELIVINLUZY ME-kST.'IEMENTS
    The artificial coal wsed should have a pressure drop apprcliriate for the
    ci-arette involved. -'*--e Appendi--. 1.
    A. To-chaxacterize the artificial coal used, measure its pressure drop at
    1050 ml/min.
    Measure the r3rLssure drop 'of the artificial coal by placing the coal
    into*.hd1der A (the mouth end) of the dilution apparatus. Set the
    flotmeter to 1~)50 ml/min, and read the pressure drop on manometer A.
    CD
    I . V1
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    2
    I PRELIMINARY hEAS0%='L1X'N7S
    (continued)
    B. A 2(system)
    With no cigarette in the apparatus draw air zot a h13h flow rate
    through the mouth end of the system. If there is a pressure drop,
    look for constrictions in the syscem.
    C. Lengths on whole ci;arette
    (1) Length of tobacco rod
    (2) Length of tipping paper
    (3) Length of filter plug
    (4) Distance from center of
    ventilation band to nouth
    end of filter plu7,
    Il. 'r'QSURZ,MNTS OF 77771 FIRSI' FLO14 FOR FILTERED CTGARZTTES
    A. Use the entire cigarette. Refer to Figure 1. With a pen.. trace a
    ring around the cigarette 5=1 from the mouth end, and another 5 rim
    from the coal end of the ci,~aretce. Also trace a ring around the
    ventilation band; this will help in the alignment of the cigarette.
    B. ?Iac2 the cilarette in the assembly inserting 5mm of the ci-arette
    into each holder, Insure that the ventilation band is inside of the
    chamber labeled C. (See IV-A 4 and 5.)
    C. Very slowly and carefully, set the flow to 1050 mllmin on the mouth
    en~, meter A. Too abrupt a chaa3e may force water out of the manometer.
    D. Start the flow of compressed gas to the chamber enclosing the perfora-
    tion band. Again, caution! The manometers must be balanced: until
    than. spills are very co.-nion.
    Z. .djust gas flsw into the chamb-cr enclosing, the filter vents until the
    manometer which measures the pressure inside the chamber reads atmos-
    pheric pressure.
    F. Check that the flow at the mouth end is still 1050 ml/min.
    G. Read flotiviecer :1. This is th,2 dilution flow for filtered cil,arettes.
    H. Occasionally, we will cut the cigarette (e.,o_ 1/2 tenfzth) and meastire
    the ditutian flo~,r again.
    CD
    BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 3 -
    Y. Report:
    1.1-anomerer Reading (cm) El~QoLiLe r s
    Chamber (C) Nouth End (A) _ Chamber (C) Mou~h End (A)
    Ball Flow Ball  Flow
    ReadIng (InL/min) Readin
    0_111)
    111. NEASIMiMENTS OF THE FIRST PUFF DILUTION FLow roR rON-FILTERED CIGARETTrS
    A. Use the entire cigarette. Refer to Figure 11. Trace a ring around
    the ciZarette 5!mm from the coal end and a second rin.- 5mm from the
    mouth end of the cigarette.
    0 B. Place the cigaretce in the assembly, inserting 5mm, of the cigarette
    into each holder. (See Section IV A 4 and 5.)
    C. Slowly and carefully, set the flow to 1050 ml/min on the mouth end.
    Too abrupt a chanZe may force water out of the manometer.
    D. Read I.owmeter B ~coal side of cigarette). Thic; is the mainstream
    flow for non-filtered cigarettes. Dilution flow is equal to:
    1050 minus mainstream flow.
    E. Occasionally, we will cut the cigarette Ce.g., 1/2 length) and measure
    the dilution flow again.
    r.  Report:
    11anomet-er Flowmeters
    Mcuth End Coal End B) Mouth End (A)
    i~ 1-1 Flow Ball Flow
    Reading _(m 1 /min -Reading  ml/min
    G. If the flow versus pressure curve of the non-filter cigarette is of
    0
    interest, continue or to section IV: if not. save the cizarette for
    future use.
    rD
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    -4 -
    IV. MEASUREMENTS ON THE CIGARETTE COMPONENTS
    A. Measurements on the Tobacco Column
    1. Having recorded the first puff dilution for the filtered
    cigarette, the cigarette should be cut at the junction
    of the tobacco and the filter. Take a separate cigarette
    and determine the position of this junction. Cut the
    cigarette at the interface of the tobacco and save me
    filter for Section V.
    2. Mark 5mm from each end of the tobacco column. This is
    the distance the column is placed into the holder.
    3. Refer to Figure 1.
    4. Mount the coal end of the tobacco rod 5mm into the artifi-
    cial coal. Secure the artificial coal with clamps and align the
    cigarette with the Cambridge filter pad (CFP) holder at
    the mouth end of the apparatus.
    5. Loosen the clamps holding the CFP holder at the mouth end.
    Bring the holder up to the tobacco column. Insert the
    column 5nm into holder. Secure holder with clamps
    without distorting the tobacco column.
    6. The flow at the mouth end is changed by changing the
    vacuum setting; councer-clockwise motion of the dial will
    increase vacuum', flow and pressure drop. WATCH OUT' !f pressure drop
    is too large, the water from the manometer will be drawn
    into the fLowmeter. Go as high in flow as is safe and
    NO HIGHER!
    7. Start at a high flow and record pressure drop. Reduce flow
    stepwise and record:
    Ball Readin Flow (ml/min) f1p ctonacco CnIumn. CM)
    1200
    0 1000
    Boo
    600
    400
    20o
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    8. Remove tobacco column and save in labeled container.
    B Measurements on the Filter
    1. Place mouth end of filter into CFP holder (A) on the mouth
    end of assembly.
    2. Cap the end of the filter that has bean cut from the tobacco
    tolumn. Use a small test tube fitted with a dental dam seal.
    '. Support the test tube with a. clamp; make
    sure the filter is straight.
    3. Measure pressure drop as a function of flow. (Identical to
    measurement in A-7.) CAUTION, MANOMETER SPILLS!
    4. Remove cap.
    5. Tape vents closed and measure pressure drop as a function of flow.
    CAUTION, MANOMETER SPILLS. Make sure non-porous tape is
    used and is applied smoothly.
    6. Record:
    Ball Reading KIOW (Ml/-_ijn) 4-F(vents open) 4p(vents closed)
    1200
    1000
    800
    600
    400
    200
    7. Save the filter in a labeled container.
    S. Using the methodoloqy developed in Section E and Figure IV,
    calculate the dilittion flow. The measured and calculated
    dilution flows should be in reasonable agreement. If they are
    not, something is wrong. Do not proceed until the source of the
    ft-ror jq fntsnA.
    CD
    LIb
    Ln
    Ln
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 6 -
    C. Dissection of the Filter
    1 . If the measured and calculated dilution flows
    agree, proceed with this dissection.
    2. Take a sharp razor and cut down the slue seam of the tipping
    paper, cutting through the underlying plug wrap.
    3. Roll the tipping paper and porous plug wrap away from the
    plug.
    4. Measure the dimensions of the tipping paper and the glue skip.
    Count the total number of vents present and subtract the number
    of vents falling on the glued seams of the tipping paper and
    p::rous plug wrap. Note the position of the vents with respect
    to the glue skip. The total number of vents minus the number
    glued closed is N(effective); i.e. the number of vents actually
    functioning .
    5. Record:
    Length of Tipping Paper
    Width of Tipping Paper
    Length of Glue Skip (axial)
    Width of Glue Skip (circumference)
    Number of Vents Total
    Number of Vents Functioning
    Vents are positioned mm into
    the glue skip from the__ii~u~Ih end of the
    -glue skip.
    6. Carefully remove the porous plug wrap from the tipping paper.
    Use a teasing needle and start by slipping -the needle under
    the glue seam of the porous plug wrap into the glue skip.
    Carefully extract the largest piece of porous plug wrap
    available.
    7. Examine the porous plug wrap just removed, isolate a region
    that is free from glue and that has not been mechanically
    changed.
    B. Use Scotch tape to enclose this area in preparation for testing
    on the CORESTA unit. An area of 0.35 to 0.6 cm2 is reasonable;
    the orifice of the rubber gasket of the clamp must be larger
    than the enclosed area of porous plug wrap.
    9. Examine the tipping paper. Delineate those vents that are free
    from both mechanical damage and glue. Count the number of
    vents in this section; this is N(tested). Permeability measure-
    ments will be taken on this area. crania this area with Scotch
    tape..
    4-
    CD
    BATCo docurnentfor Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 7 -
    10. Masure permeability as a function of pressure drop for the vents
    of tipping paper as marked in Step 9 and for the area
    of porous plug wrap as marked in Step 7.
    11. Record
    Meter
    Porous Plug Wrap TiRping PaDer
    Ball ReadU& Flow (ml Ball Reading Flow (ml/min)
    is
    16
    14
    12
    10
    Area Length
    CD
    4-1>.
    rv
    BATCo docurnen t for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - a -
    V. CALCMAT imm^
    A. Dilution Flow
    1. Definitions
    The two pressure-flow regimes of key interest are (1) that from the
    coal end of the tobacco column up to the vents in the filter and
    (2) that of the vents. Refer to Figure 111, illustrating the follow-
    in3 definitions-
    L_ - the length of the filter plu-
    La = distance from the mouth end of the filter to the center of
    the perforation bank
    Lc - distance from the tobacco end of the filter to the center of
    the perforation band
    tobacco column) is the pressure drop throughthe tobacco column
    as measured in Section D.
    4?(axial) is the pressure drop of the tobacco column plus the por-
    tion of the filter up to the center of the perforation
    band.
    is the net pressure drop across the tipping and the
    ,vencs) underlyLn; plug wrap at the perforation band.
    2. Z-vustiens
    `~'-2(ven:s Closed) ",.Lves the pressure drop associated with axial
    flow throu,,h the filter. Assuming that pressure drop is directly
    P , roportional to the len3th of the filter, the pressure drop of
    the filter segment upstream of the center line of the vents is
    calculotad as (L,/Lt)x
    * 4p(vents closed),
    "2(axial) may now be calculated:
    " -4 P(tabacco column) + (Lcll't) X 4p(vents closed) I
    if there is an internal pressure drop for the apparatus
    (4 T'(system)) , correct for it as shown in eetuarion (2).
    '42(axial) "d'~
    '(tobacco column) + (Lc/Lt) x 612(vent5 closed)
    - (I + L,/Lt) -a '11(system) "2)
    ?2rform this calculation at anch flow used thereby obtainin-, the
    pressure-flaw curve for
    If the pressure drop for the tobacco column and pressure drop witfi
    the vents closed were not measured at the same series of flow rates, CD
    Plot " 7(tobacco column and A P(vents closed versus their respec- X~:.
    tive flows. Now read tke values of pressure Irop at the appropriate U1
    flow from these two graphs and calculate A 7(axial).
    Lri
    CD
    -Ij
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 9 -
    is calculatei from the eru~ation:
    le-(vents :,Palled) - (L 3 /L.) x 4P(vents cloied)
    A*,ain, subtract P(system) iff it exiqts.
    -4 2(vents) !'(vents opened) - (La/Lt) X id P(vents closed)
    (L:,/Lt)) 4P(system)
    Given tnat the mainstream plus the dilution flow equals 1050 ml/min
    a"d "hat 4 :(axial) " 'A-72(vents) at the dilution flow. solve for
    dilution flow. This is most easily accomplished by plotti--a,- flow
    versur 4?(vants) and flot.? versus AP(axial) on the same graph paper
    with the ordinate scale inverted for the.rod flow. Plotted in this
    way the sum of an,,, pair of -rdiqates at the same vertical position
    is 1350 ml/min and the intersection of the two curves represents the
    conditions at which the two flows are in balance. See Fi.~ure IV.
    710: A ?"axial) versus and '4_1'vents) versus flow as in
    F i --, - ", . -  a
    I . a -;! Tl~e intersection of these ti lin;s is the dilution flow.
    3. Enuival-ant Zfff-2ctive Area by the Gran't;fcal- ii~__th'od'
    I . Figure 17-1- (b) shows a cross-section of a -typicaL construction at
    the point .)f a perforation in the tipping paper. The air entering
    the perforations passes throu3h the porous plug wrap paper and then
    flowq at least partially into the body of the filter. The dratrin-,
    .qho-.is an an-
    , preciable space between the tippin7, piper and the plug
    wrap paper throu-hOLlt the area -enerally left unalued. However, in
    realitl- allese layers are pressed together to some degree, impeding,
    lateral t1l3u7. Thus. the area of plu~, wrap paper through which the
    air Passes is less than the total area left unglued. although greater
    than the open area of the perforations in the tipping paper. If
    this effective area of plu-, wrap paper is determined by empirical
    measurement, the air flow resi3cance of the vent can be calculated
    from the resi5eivities of the perforations and of the plu.- vrap.
    That is, the affect on the overall resistance of changing the
    peri;-cability of the plul wrap paper can be predicted once one knows
    what area of that paper conducts air.
    The envivalent effective area, defined as that portion of the plug.
    wrap which is actually operating is calculated usin:; the basic
    equation which applies to flown through all papers:
    Ale 4b :11" - AS  (5)
    where r is the valumetric flow rate
    A is the planar area of paper throulh which air passes
    C)
    Lr
    1"N~
    N:
    U 7
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 10 -
    where k is the conductivity of paper to passage of air
    r -k~lis the resistivity of paper to passage of air
    ,a P is the pressure drop (cm) across the paper
    n is the pressure exponent and equals 1.0 for flow
    through fine pores (capillary flow) and 0.5 for
    flow through small holes (orifice flow).
    S is the average lineal velocity at the paper surface
    in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the
    paper.
    2. Plots that are needed:
    a) 4-"2(vents) v-9- flow (see ri-lure IV).
    b) e~ P(tippin-,) Vs- flot'" The flow through the vents in the
    area marked in Section IV - B -10 is multiplied by 'N(effective)
    N(tested) and gives the total flow through N(effective) vents.
    N(,ffective) is the nuimber of holes that are active: i.e., the
    total number of holes minus holes that are glued closed.
    c) P(porous njug wra~-) vs- face velocity(F). . The porous plug
    oi, I) e s . he diss7ected filter t - asure the area of
    X ., r a p73 c from t ip. Ee
    t'-3 -)orous plug wran used, typically the se~ment of porous plug
    Wrclp di3sected from the filter is not uniform and it must be
    i-iiisured that th2 pi2ce on which porosity is measured has not
    be2n :Iamased. and is free from glue. The flow through an area
    of porous plu-, wrap has been measured. race velocity is flow
    divided by area. Plot the face velocity of the ?orous plug
    lurap as a function of pressure drop.
    3. Iethod-
    a) Choose a flow; a good one is the value determined for the
    dilution flow- rd*
    b) rind the A11(,e,,,S) associated with Fd*
    c) Find "le "~P(tippinq) associated with Fj.
    d) Civell -49(ve':S) - 11?(tippinj) 0 '*~61'(porous plu-I wrap)
    e) Loolic up face velocity of porous plug wrap at -42(porous plu- wrap)
    determined above.
    f) Eiuivalent affective area
    flo'-7 F"-'IlAnin)
    ity
    fAce vnlocj,. (cm/min)
    rI~J
    (Jr:
    C>
    N.C.
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    q
    Re?2at the calculation for at least two other flows. Choose
    flo-,.~,s that bracket 7A.
    h) Tabul3te sam?le, F, 4,P<vents), EEA.
    C. Calculatin, ~.'Iodificacions in Dilution Flow Achieved by Chan,-ing the
    Parmaabilif-,- of the ?orous- Plua Wrao
    1. Graphs that are nac3ssary:
    a ) Log(4! P) vs. lo- (face velocity)for the porous plu- wrap
    already on :he
    b) Lo., (,'. P) vs. lo.,,,face velocity) for porous pluZ wrap under
    cons ideration.
    C) rl-ats generatad in S3=:Lon V-A.
    Or3phicai technique will 'ca used to generate the Iraphs for the
    porous ?~Iuq wrap in quesz! ' on. The first assumption irade is that
    th3 axial flow is constanc; that means there is no configuration
    change, only a chanste in .3l'u-, Wrap.
    2. Hczhod:
    a) Clioo~;c -a flo-_- and r3c:r,.: the ZP(vetts)associate~i with this
    b) Pron v5. f1m. curve, get the at this
    flow rate.
    c j Subtract 4 ~-' 4 r 0: n 4 ?
    pp in.-) - (vents) to obt2i7,
    4F(Porous plu~ wrap).
    d) Calculate t1iz clianga J-n 41~(porous plu-. wrap) upon changirt,~
    th:! ~.rap.
    Given: fti c a ve 10, z 4 ty ~ S - F /A = (4 P")/r (6)
    The expon3nt. n, is the slope t)- the log(aP) versus log(face
    velocity) Log',k) is the intercept of this cur~e; i.e.,
    the valne oi l-,.-,(f-1c2 velocity) when 1o.-;(ZP) is equal to 1.
    r, the recistance of ;>aper to air.passage when area is equal
    to I cm-, is calculat:2d fro-m the intercept.
    r  (7)
    Ln.
    CD
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 12 -
    At any given face veloc'ty, S,
    p-112
    S /- Pi (3)
    rl r2
    At a given flow, explicitly expressin-, area
    F 4 P. n1  2 -6 P2 712
    r,  r
    Let subscript 2 represent t~e plug wrap to be substituted
    and subscript I the plu; wrap presently on the cigarette.
    Solving for LP2:
    n 2 = Al
    x
    0 dA- P2 x 77, . , ,nj (10)
    '~j +
    L )
    n2lC3 I~1'!'2 " 10' (-E + 103(' '  (M
    Œ
    ri 7-2
    + 1 ) +
    r. A2
    n2
    trizh r., - r,-:,
    and solving for 4 ?2:
    r- Al
    lov,( -> - ) ~- n logd P,
    P2 = antilo.r r, A?
    n
    e) Add -1 :1 for the new plug
    wrap. ~ (tippiLl' ) P(porous plug, wrap)
    f) Repeat thin calculation at several flows <2 - 4).
    Plot --'F(vents) "" flow on the graph Generated for the
    CLI'aratta.
    11) :,Iead off the new dilution flotf, the intersection of the rod
    flow with this calculated .4 7 (vents)*
    CD
    Xzb
    Uri
    BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




       > FIGURE 1
       0
       0 SCHMATIC OF THE APPARATUS USED TO MEASURE FILTER TTP DILUTION FLOW
       CL ... ....
       8!
       Flowmetei C Vacuum
       Water
       0) -., - Manomete
       Artificial
       Coal Water Flowmeter
       Manometer
       k
       Trap
       a)
       0
       to
       Compressed gas
       CL
       Vact,
       A degIgnates, mouth e"d
       B designates coal end
       Cr C designates chamber
       CD
       to
       to
       co

       


       FIGURE 11 0
       q , SCIIEMTIC OF APPAu'rus usn) ro m-'.TrI1MIt4r THE DILUTION FLOW Or NON-FILTERED CICARETTES
       0
       co
       CL
       0
       Vacuum
       Open to
       atmosphefe
       Cigarette
       Flowmeter
       Flowmeter
       Artificial coal
       Water manometer
       Open to atmosphere
       w
       Vacu
       The 111111(liktaill colivellient tength for InnerLtoil of thf! cfvnr,!tt,! Into the CFP holder in,
       5 nwo at the coal end and 5 rnm at the mouth end.
       (0
       CD
       CD
       ~ I ~Zzq-vo I

       


    FIGURE III
    (a)
    Ff~
    L-r
    Cross section of venillattri filter.
    (b) __ -1 1 ~Gluc
    77 -PlugraD
    CD
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




       >
       q
       0
       0
       CL Y to Figure IV
       0
       0
       S
       INDROWRAP 'A
       MEASURFI) DILUTION (.Al.(.IJiA'rl,D DLLUTION EEA ITRINI, BILITY MINBER
       ml/min ml/min % CM2 cm/min OF HOLES CURVE
       27MI 390 3 &1. 42U 4 UX 0.27 2400  21
       320 3 011. 0.17 2400 21 d
       ID 33MI 375 387. 380 387. 0.17 3400 21 e
       CA
       I
       (D 530 5 M. 0.28 3400 21 f
       Curve C represents the experimentally determined AP(vents~-
       (D
       X Curve D shows the effect of reducing the equivalent effective area.
       =r
       0 Curve E and F show the effects of changing the permeability of the MROWRAP and varying tile equivalent effective area,
       i CL
       11)
       mL
       00
       0
       0
       0
       Cr
       cc
       S I ~ ~ ~ S V 0 1

       


       0
       CL al sotutions to rite flow
       0
       Note: a) Rod flow is plotted on an
       FIGURE IV An eximple of graphic.
       cquations.
       inverted ordinate axis.
       -7
       b) Curve d and f are calculated
       according to the method presented
       7
       in SecLon E-III,
       -7-
       (P -- i . -- --r - -- -------- :- ..
       (D
       J.
       T
       -7- - 7
       I
       J. 7
       -77
       j
       --7
       L
       0 -7)
       t
       !Z, -1' r
       T
       I-1.
       Cr
       4
       '17,
       - !- - ..  -. I I T I I - I t , I ~ , ~-!- 1 ,
       1 0570---
       7

       


    APPENDIX I
    CHOICE OF ARTIFICIAL COAL
    EQUIPMZNT 1. Smoking Machine
    2. Manometer ur preferdbly a pressure transducer
    3. Assortment of capillaries
    4. Glass tee junction
    40 sr-<ale-
    i 01- i senol,(11,15
    acli i n e-
    C.pWary
    - ~rf ~
    ca" c0cJ)
    Place ona le,~ of- tile tee junction Lrto the orifice of the smokln3 machine,
    t*ia second to a Canibrid.ge filter pad holdcr, tile third to a manometer.
    Tape 52tiun of a 70,.-im ci7,arette with impermeable tape. This leaves l3run of axposad
    wrip?er. Place the taped end of the cigarette into the Cambr,-i-2e filter
    pad holder. Light the ci.-arette and start the smoking machine. Measure
    the vacuum at the riouth end during the puff just before the bur.-ling zone
    reaches the tap3, so that the flow through the coal is nearly 1-150 cc/min.
    The coal is it-wiediately extinguished and r2i:ioved, and the pressure drop
    through the MlaLnLng a /-,nin. The
    ., Lcb3cc:) Clilum'.1, ia then measur d at 1050 cc
    pressure drop of the coal is
    dp(burning ci.,.arettz) - AP(extinf,,uishad ci:,-arettc
    without coal)
    Find :k capillary that will give the proper pressure drop; use this as tile
    artificial coal placed onto the co-il and o~Z' the ci-;.irette. Start the
    snno'.,~ina inachine. Record the pressurc drop achiever.] with this coal. 11-1-
    creas-2 or dacrcase the lenqth of capillary used as the artificial coal
    vinLil the pres:-,ure drop measured wiLh the artificial coal is the same as
    tile pressure drop me~tsured for the lighted ci.-arette.
    CD
    r,
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    - 2 -
    Record
    ,:n, P (Burning P (Artificial
    Sample Brand Cizarette) Coal)
    2
    3
    0
    c::)
    (il
    Co
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    APPMIX II
    Treatment of Cigarettes with Segmented Filters
    The acetate plug of a segmented filter is wrapped with plug wrap and the
    sections of the filter are joined with combining wrap. The resistance of
    each of these papers must be inclu~2ed in the calculation. Thus in the
    determination of equivalent effeczive area the equatims presented in
    sectionV-Bt-C become,6
    'd P(vents7 4P(tipping) ~ A PC, + Jd PC
    where p d---,.otes plug wrap and
    c denotes carbining wrap
    Likewise, in calculating the dilution achieved with a change in the per-
    rreability of a plug wrap, the resistance of the plug wrap and the ccmbining
    wrap must be considered. If the permeability of both are changed then the
    &P of the desired wrap must be calculated for both the combining and plug
    wrap.
    The following exanple shows how to incorporate these modifications.
    0
    CD
    -t~:h
    €.ri
    (-n
    %,0
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    Calcul~ite Uquivalant Effective Area
    '4'- P(-,,:!nts) read from. cross plot
    P 6,03 M1/.-,1Ln. 800 mlhnin 900 -II/min
    (Venzs) 11 . 7 17.2 19.6
    su~:rac t  At,
    4 0.8 1.4 1.8
    "-^ P (? lu- and 10.9 15.8 17.8
    cc.-nbining.)
    - e-
    (v e n ts (plug stTrap) +
    (combining wra?)
    iv .3 n F - 1~,% a -~n I
    i,7ith r
    at ecuilibrium S = &P, np 4. PC nc
    r  rc
    whe-2 c and p denote combininq, and plu-, wrap respectively.
    solvin-, for z~P P "LN nc x r ) I /n,,
    p
    rc
    substitutinj into equation 1.
    n.
    P(ti-p-ping) (-!~- ~c x r /np + eL pc
    rc  p
    ne /il rp  L'i
    ~d V c . p ( p PC
    ib r c
    r
    p l/np+jj
    CD
    -i~:b
    Ln
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    PC ","(vencs) - '--p(cipping') ( (EE) V-p I
    / rc
    For this example froin tile attached plots we have:
    Paoer Exvonent_. r
    6 5 111 0.63 6.3 x LO-4
    95 Vl 0.62 5.1 x (-4
    260 0.62 1.92 x  10-4
    coatt-inuing the calculation
    600 ml/min 800 ml/min
    '2'P(vancs) -~,P(tippjng) 10.9 15.8
    'L p C 9.7 14.0
    P 1.3 1.8
    Equivalent Eff2cttive Area
    T -31
    ~- 14~ Up flot, of PIU2
    wrap at this 4p,.
    faca Velocity
    C I 0C it
    ~ice ve-
    6333 8240 L3 -5-0 - 8 9 4 4
    0.71 0.71 0.71
    -ZA - UY) - 0.094 800 - 0.097 900 = 0.100
    6333 3240 3944
    0
    0
    U-1
    N-)
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




    Change the Combining U'rap and :Iredict Dilution Flow
    !:F-%old 1/n
    ELI- -
    ."~, Il C , ne, rcid EMI new ) 'c ~&pc, old
    if there is no change in --Z.),
    c new c, old x ( r ew /n
    rold
    from 65 1 t3 95 .! I
    300 ml/-An 900 ml/min
    ?c, n2w 6.1 8.8 9.9
    i.3 1.3 2.1
    0.3 1.4
    n:,, 1
    3.2 12.3
    and rend off the new dilution flow; 440 rnl/min.
    C)
    -e-
    Lr-
    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




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    L -1
    A-4
    L4--1
    44
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    -~F
    -7-~-, 7. J.
    it +
    --4r
    E=- 117.=
    1~31
    ;.-4- i 4-=
    #4
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    +
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    nu.
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    .77:
    4; rIJ
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    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999

    




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    -77-7
    i - - ; ; 0 r ~ t : i , . : i;::. :;;,a .; ..;t i ! P.:1 . . . -
    I.Z~:: CL
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    10 .: I - 1
    -j
    :7
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    ..........
    r:
    X
    4'
    j-
    77: 17- 7 -'.,'77 '7~7-77;--. =7-7-1-,
    p 7: :t;
    ........ ...
    ILL,
    id:
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    ..... Tj j CD
    ~17
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    BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 18 October 1999