w 0 0 CL C 0 B.A.T.(U.K. AND FXPnRT) LIMITED RFSFARCII AND ljfVrl.Ol'MrNT CFNIRF SO 1908 WORK PRWRAMME 0 0 Circulation: F 3 BATro, 14111hank 17 Mr. A.L. Heard (2) C4 RATUXE, Making > Mr. D.K. Thorpe Mr. J.F.G. Murphy BATUKE R&D Centre 40 0 Research Departwient (RRO: 6) co (inc. Library) Laboratory Services (RO : 4 mantifactioring Operations RUH: 4i Marketinq Stopport T11 : 6 Accounts. iAARW II r,@Ooqvoov 0 CL 0 0 C CONTENTS 3 FnRFwopn WnRK ARFA 54 15 RnI. FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH lntroductfB-n@ .nJ Product Research to address Regulatory Authority Issues .07 Research to Improve Product *iallty fln2. APPLIED RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT - GENERAL 0 Introduction -4 .01 Product Development Steering Group (p.n.S.G.) Projects W .02 Exploratory eroduct Development & Innovation M .03 Leaf Studies n4 Product Testing .05 Process Innovation A Application .06 Drying A Expansion Technology 0 .07 Fqulpment 11 Process Evaluation 0 nR Analytical Method Development .09 Genera) Scientific Support .In International Standards - Regulatory Authorities .11 (Niality Assurance Procedures Cr F 803. APPLIED RESEARCH A DEVEI.flPMENT - SPECIFIC Intr6duct ion .01 Product Development for BAT (IIK&E) > .02 Brand Analysis for BAT (UKAE) .0Materials Testing for BAT (IIK&E) .04 Technical Investigations on behalf of BAT (11KAE) .05 Scientific Stsplmrt to RAT (IlKAF) nfi Technical Support to Other Operating Companies with established 1:1 links to to .07 Technical Support to Other Operating Companies .nR Laboratory Services In Operating Companies .(9 Analysis for Operating Companies .10 Flayour Development A Manufacture Allocation of Technical Work Effort VWWok 0 0 0 FOREWORD CD The 1988 Work Programme Is detailed in this document. A separate R&D Plan, which contains budget details for the year, is also available. Both are divided into three basic sections which refer to the essent tal work areas of the Research Centre - Fundamental Research, Applied R&D and Technical Support to operating companies, Including BATOKE. Each of the major sections of the programme has an introduction with general comments. A change from previous years which should be noted Is the growing involvement of the R&D Centre with regulatory bodies anti standards organisations related to cigarettes. In recognition of this, a new work area 'International Standards - Regulatory Authorities' has been established, with a significant budget allocation. 0 As In previous years, progress of projects In the fooir departments has been reported regularly by varlous mans. These include Rin Reports, Technical Reports, specialist meetings, SLaWs Review NoLes and Product Development Reviews. All such documents are available for reference from R&D. 0 0 Cr to W co GV009VOOV w 0 0 CL 0 0 c B 0 P4. a, 11 10 I S' I 0 0 S. w WORK AREA : 801 m I'l, 0 FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 0 0 F 3 cr F P4 1 W 00 11. -h to to co 90009VO017 W 0 0 CL 0 0 C 111TRODUCT11111 3 This part of the Work Programme represents the contribution of the RATHKE RAD Centre to the Group research effort. The fundamental research Is aimed at Improving the basic knowledge of tile science and technology required for future product or process developments. The work In this part of the programme Is now centrally funded by the CAC companies. As a consequence of this central funding. a review of the fundamental research conducted In Southampton was held in March 1987, attended by research managers and directors from all the CAC companies. At that review, several new projects were proposed by Individual companies and the detailed project plans have since been put together in collaboration with scientists from the CAC laboratories. Subsequently, all projects 2 and work themes have been agreed by all the CAC, companies and individual projects are not specifically sponsored by particular countries. The work has a broad and general utility to all the Group companies. 0 Work in the fundamental research programme Is primarily divided between two broad areas: product ft research to address regulatory authority Issues and research to improve product quality. The division of effort between these two areas is 40%:6(1% respectively, although this could change if studies on ambient smoke and alternative products are reforimilated fit late 1987/early 1908. SO 0 Cr C4 to CD to LVO09VOOV 0 0 2 CL 0 0 ROI .01 PRODICT RESEARCII Tn ADDRESS REGULATORY AUT11GRITY ISSUES C 801-01.100 Reduction of 'Other Noxae" 801.01.110 Nitrosamine reduction 801.01.120 Free radical activity R01.01.130 Ames mutagenic activity and smoke chemistry 801.01.140 General reduction of groups of compounds by physical/chemical means 1101.01.150 General reduction of groups of compounds by enzymic means 801.01.160 Dis(cliloromethyl)ether 801.01.200 Search for Improved Bioassays 801.01.210 Alternative in vitro bioassays 801.01.220 In vivo gendl-60-c 'activity 801.01.230 3-m-Fe-lox-icoloq y 801.01.300 Respo@ se to Passive Smoking Issues 801.01.310 Total sidestream reduction 801.01.320 Ambient studies 0 801.01.400 Alternative Products 0 Cr C,j to to co 80009000V 0 0 3 CL 0 801.02 RESEARCH TO MOVE PRODUCT QUALITY MI.02.100 Spoke Quality J!Trovement 801.02.110 Filter materials and spoke quality 801.02.120 Product freshness/deterioration 801.02.130 Nicotine control 001.02.140 Uppound release studies 801.02.150 Casings penetration 801.02.200 1 rovement to Cigarette Physical Properties 801.02.210 Removing barriers to density reduction 801.02.220 Tobacco particle size studies 801.02.230 Addition/removal of water 801.02.240 Control of combustion through additives 19 ROI.02.3nB Tobacco and Smoke S2!emnts Database X to =r 0 0 BO co co co 0009VOO@ 0 0 CL 0 0 c O 0 FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH 0 M WORK AREA : 801.01 :r PRODUCT RESEARCH TO ADDRESS REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES 0 0 17 CO) co OSDOgvoot 0 4 0 CL 0 0 WORK ARE A: 801.01 - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES C 51111JECT: 801.01.100 - REDUCTION OF NnTHER NOMEN STRATEGIC 011JECTIVE M. V To reduce minor constituents of mainstream smoke which are of current or potential Interest to Regulatory Authorities. I's Reductions must be relative to PMWW or nicotine deliveries to give improvements over current techniques such as filter ventilation. The noxae should not he re-distributed to sidestream smoke. PROJECT NIMBER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND C"INTS P-k IMI . n I . I I 0Hitrosamine Reduction Work will continue into 19011 to develop techniques for the W removal or destruction of tahacco nitrosamines, Including M To determine and develop techniques for the evaluation of irradiation techniques 01V, gamma) and Ion- M. reduction of nitrosamine deliveries. exchange resins an tobacco extracts. This phase will lie completed by the 2nd quarter of 1988 when any commercial Mr Group_q@j!ctiy@es: Delivery control applications can he considered. 0 Regulatory Authorities 0 (Iflnor comiponents) Single grade cigarettes will he tested to clarify questions of smoke transfer variability (or formation during conl)nstlon) and the extent to which nitrosamines in tobacco reflect alkaloid and nitrate levels rather than other factors, such Cr as curing differences. Techniques using, for example, experimental cigarettes with added nitrate and alkaloids may be used to examine nitrosamine formation, particularly NNK, during combustion. This will include the effects of simple parameters such as pli or presence of ascorbic acid (latter half of 1988). IS009#00V 0 5 0 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 8nI.nI - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES C SUILIECT: 801.01.100 - REnUCTION OF "OTHER NOXAEO continued PROJECT IJUMOE R PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS ANn COMME"I'S 1101.01.120 Free Radical Activity The objectives In the 1987 programme will have been achieved by January 190fl. Research work will stop, but the chemilumin- To measure free radical activity of smoke escence Instrumentation will be maintained in order to support In support of the research programme. other projects in the Minor Components Research Programme. 0 Group Objectives: Delivery control Regulatory Authorities (@Jnor components) W 14. B01.01.130 Ames Mutagenic Activity and Smoke Chemistry (a) Experiments will build on the single grade loses and chemistry results obtained in 19R7. Single qrade studies will be exten- (a) To correlate Ames TA98 mutagenic activity tied to Oriental, high nicotine and stem samples (by April 0 of smoke condensate with tobacco and 1908). Interactions between single grades with extremes of 0 condensate chemistry as a means of estab- Ames mutagenic activity will further probe the relationship lishing blend/design options for low between Ames activity and smoke chemistry (by June 1988). mainstream Ames products (Project LHASA). Tests on acidic and basic filters and modifications to the chemical composition of tobacco will also be used to Improve Cr (h) To Investigate the possible chemical understanding of chemical links with activity (by October is' reasons for the decrease in specific 19RO). The use of the alternative Ames Salmonella strains Ames activity of mainstream condensate may also be considered In these studies (late 1988). with decreasing circumference. > W A variety of chemical and physical parameters will he meas- firoop Objectives: Delivery control ured on series of Virginia anti US blended cigarettes having Regulatory Authorities Circumferences In the range 13-?q mm. These will Include (11 I ol o4l I Ca I basic chemical data on the condensate (total nitrogen, nico- co tine, total volatile bases, pill as well as measurements that co give Insights Into mechanisms occurring (e.g. WC02 as (O indicator of combustion, isoprene/PMWIIF as Indicator of pyr- olysis, mass spectrum scans of condensate and combustion temperatures). The effect of circumference throuqh changes to flow will also he assessed. This should lie completed by September 19RO. The above dates allow for Ames work-for other projects. ZS009VOO17 0 0 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 801.01 - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES SIMIJECT: 001.01.100 - REDUCTION OF "OTIIER NOXAEN continued PROJECT 111140ER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 801.01.140 General Reduction of Groups of Compounds by Continuing into 19118, changes will be made to the tobacco/ nfi]-cil-Afiemical means smoking material using a variety of fractionation techniques. Such changes will he pragmatic but based an known precursor- To determine means for the reduction of product routes as far as possible. Machine-made cigarettes groups of 'other noxae" relative to PMWNF with the modified material will he made and a spectra= of smoke or nicotine. components will he determined. This, together with pyrolysis 0 studies. will enable those tobacco fractions with high levels Group Objectives: Delivery control of noxae precursors to be identified. Combination of fraction- RL%gulatory Authorities ation techniques should lead to across-the-board reductions in (Minor components) groups of noxae. It may also he necessary to selectively reduce specific precursors (e.g. by enzyme treatment or Irradiation. CA In situations where the physical nature of the tobacco fractions 0 precludes direct cigarette manufacture, or where high levels of 0 additives may he required, extruded samples will be produced for cigarette manufacture/noxae determination. Cr From mid 1988, extrusion techniques may also be used to produce F organic and high inorganic substrates. P4 Analytical method development will be required for several of 03 the substances on the "other noxae" list. @GOOWOV W 0 7 0 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 80t.01 - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES C SUBJECT: Bot.01.100 - REDUCTION OF *OTIIER HOXAE" continued 3 CD PROJECT KEY TASKS AND C OMM ENTS NUMBER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP MJECTIVES Ili) 1. 01 . 150 General Reduction of Groups of Compounds by The exact timetable to be followed will depend on the outcome Enzymic Means of the Initial results from fractionation of tobacco by water extraction. The first target proposed is protein In tobacco. Enzymes are usually specific In the sub- to be modified by bacteria) and/or other commercially strates which they modify and the conditions available proteases. It is anticipated that treatment of the affecting them. In addition, they can be non-water soluble fractlon of tobacco will be involved. used to attack polymeric compounds which Potential effects from the treatment may be: otherwise can only he- changed by chemical reactions which are less specific In their (a) Rechictlon in smoke cyanide and nitrites; action. In this way they may offer a wider (b) Reduction in condensate Ames activity; ) from range of options for reducing noxae in smoke. (c) Release of bound heavy metals (e.g. Cd. Po. Ph insoluble residue. Group Objectives; Delivery Control 0 Regulatory Authorities 0 (Minor components and biological) Cr ROI . 01. 160 Disichloromethyl)ether (BCME) To determine detection limits of any analytical scheme it is essential to have a pure standard of 0CM1. OCHE will be To ascertain whether hisichloromethyl)ether syntliesisefi by a contract company and a sample will be W Is present In mainstream smoke. avallable by early 1980. When tills Is obtained, the study > will Investigate two 1011h aml two low chloride content (!j-oult_!1!ijet:tlves: lit!9111jilory Aolhol-Illes cillaretles. Valloill. 111141%1! will III! examilled 111-st, followed loy (Minor components) whole smoke If iiot detected. This work should lie completed within one month of obtaining tlip sample of HCME. VS009V00V 0 0 8 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 001.01 - REGULATORY AUTOORITY ISSUES 3 SUBJECT: 801.01.200 - SEARCH FOR IMPROVED HIOASSAYS STRATEGIC 011JECTIVE For those tofoassays that have a high probability of being Introduced by Regulatory Authorities, to acquire the technology to permit Group products to be positioned optimally. 0 PROJEC'F 0 TIGER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND CWWNTS 0 to Anl.01. 21 0 Alternative In vitro bloassays 1% re, Expert opinion Is that two distinct In vitro genotoxicity assays should be used for the assessment of substances. This project area 0 is to search for in vitro bloassays in 0 addition to the fi-es--fe-s'f and to develop F them for measurements relevant to cigarette 3 design and composition. Group_Objectives, Regulatory Authorities (Biological) W (a) Assay of damage to chromosomes A contract Investigation was established at Toxicol Laboratories > rMa'slo-qenic activity) In 1987, which has demonstrated that responses are obtained using smoke condensate and hutnan lymphocytes as the cell source. A test for clastoqenic activity is The work will Ito progressed Ito the first half of 19RO to considered of particular value both in demonstrate the reproducibility of results using optimal co Its own right and to complement the exposure conditions. Subject to a satisfactory outcome, co results with the Ames mutagenicity test. Investigations will progress fit the second lialf of 1900 to to build top a data base of responses hy prothoct type and design. SS009voov 0 9 0 CL 0 0 WORK AR f A: 801.01 - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUIES C SUBJECT: 80t.01.200 - SEARCH FOR IMPROVED BIOASSAYS continued PR(LIECT IIIJ14PER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 801.01.210 (b) Assay of DNA single strand breaks Work priorities in 1987 led to only limited progress on the continued evaluation of this test. Effort in 1980 will he directed to: Althotigh considered of rather less significance than results from a (a) Defining a protocol allowinq a satisfactory level of reproducibility. chromosome damage assay, this test has particular relevance to a genotoxicity battery for smoke assessment. Measure- (h) Determining the order of differences in activity between ments may be made using whole smoke and smoke elements and product types. there are literature claims for activity by the vapour phase element alone. 01 0 7 801.01. 220 Estimation of In vivo Genotoxfc Activity The immediate requirement is to reach an agreement with a 0 suitable external laboratory and supervisory scientist to 0 In the absence of data from long term testing undertake the work. in animals, the significance of altered responses In In vitro systems such as Ames The principal aims of the study had been aqreed In 1987 with a tests remains7uncertiln. External opinion consultant (Mr. 0. Dean). These are to use compounds of known Cr Is recommending that In vivo assessment may activity to compare In vitro and In vivo endpoints, which wou'Id be an essential compli-menl-To the test-tube then he applied to clWr-effe- smok-e.71Y Is envisaged that the genotoxicity assays. This project area programe would last for up to 3 years. seeks to bridge the gap to enable an assess- ment to be made of the significance of A suitable contract facility for this work will he identified altered smoke In vitro genotoxic activity. in 1988. fT(@up Objectives: Regulatory Authorities (Biological) CD co 9SO09voov 0 0 10 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 801.01 - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES 3 SUBJECT: 801.01.200 - SEARCH FOR 114PROVED 810ASSAYS continued PRO.)ECT HINGE R PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 601.01.230 Smoke Toxicology (a) Screening inhalation toxIciV usin The ciliatoxicfty assay using tracheal rings Is provided by Tr-a-c Fe-& T - F I n 9 s Life Sciences Ltd. Assuming that the first tests made in 19R7 provide evidence that discrimination between products or smoke Inhalation experiments in animals are phases can be obtained, further work will he Initiated In 1988 time-consuming, costly and limited In to probe reproducibility for product comparisons. availability. nevertheless, responses in these systems are @egarded as Important measurements of spoke biological activity. Methods such as the tracheal ring system. allowing some screening of developments =r before full scale testing. would offer 0 savings of time, materials and expense. 0 Group Objectives: Regulatory Authorities 10101091cal) (b) se - It is intended to arrange for an Inhalation study comparing IN Significance of vapour-pha particulate ratio different cigarettes delivering altered vapour phase particulate ratios. The work would be by external contract C4 It has been suggested that different and is subject to agreement of the products to lie used and > responses from products In short term the test facilities required. inhalation tests may he due to altered vapour phase - particulate ratios. This project has been held over from 1907 because of the Information Is needed to establish the pressure from development samples on the available test co position which could be significant for facilities. co future product design. co Group Objectives: Regulatory Authorities (Biological) LS00917 OOV 0 0 Q 0 C7 C WORK AREA: 801.01 - REGULATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES 3 SUBJECT: 801.01.300 - RESPONSE TO PASSIVE SWING ISSUES STRATEGIC 00JECTIVE To evaluate those characteristics of burning cigarettes which Influence the environment and to generate product design concepts which alleviate the social concerns associated with sidestream and ambient smoke. F PROJECT 0 HU14SER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 801.01.310 Total Sidestream Reduc@lon Carrying through from late 1987 and throughout 19RO, the major effort will he to formulate novel design features that modify To develop concepts for total reduction of sidestream yields. These features will include: sidestream yields with, Ideally, a reduction In sidestream Plume visibility. - vapour trapping through modification to pdper configoirations; - structural chanqes in rod qeometry; 0 Group Objectives: Regulatory Authorities - process modification to tobaccos, e.q. sheet and extrusion. 0 (Sidestream major and minor components) The latter areas will be undertaken in collaboration with the Delivery Control Product Innovation Section. Cr Social Aspects F), In addition. work will continue into 1988 on the assessment of P4 1 a limited number of paper burn retardants in combination with co cigarettes containing high levels of expanded tobacco. Testing > will be extended to commercially manufactured paper with added soluble burn retardants and handsheet manufacture with insoluble burn retardants as fillers (both from Papeteries De Flauduit). The evaluation of commercially available low sidestream papers will continue with a view to evaluating those combinations of co cigarette design parameters, e.g. circumference and paper perme- to ability, that make optimal use of the paper characteristics. I BS009VOOV 0 0 12 CL 0 0 C WfWK AREA: 001.01 - REGMATORY AUTHORITY ISSUES SUBJECT: 801.01.300 - RESPONSE TO PASSIVE S140KING ISSUES continued PRWECT 11MIDE R PROJECT AREA MD TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMENTS 1101.01. 320 Ambient Studies The work programme for 1908 will be formulated following a RAT Group meetinq on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in To set environmental tobacco smoke In November 1987. The work programme may Include some, or all. context, Including evaluation of the factors of the following: that contribute to the build up and decay of ambient smoke components. -determination of unambiguous markers for ETS; firoup Objectives: Regulatory Authorities -determination of chemical components of Interests In ETS. (Sidestrean maJor and and setting the levels in context; minor components) Delivery Control -determination of relative contributions of sidestream and Social Aspects exhaled mainstream to ETS; 0 0 -understanding the nature of ETS: vapour/particulate changes, effect of aging and dilution; -effect of devices marketed to Improve air quality on ETS Cr levels: e.g. assessment of room filters and other conaercial systems. co co co 6S009V00V 0 0 13 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: ROI.01 - REGULATORY AUT110RITY ISSUES SUBJECT: 801.01.400 - ALTERWATIVE PRODUCT STRATFGIC 00,1frTIVE To position the Group with appropriate technology in the event that alternative products to conventional cigarettes either become a significant threat to our business or constitute an appropriate diversification. PROJECT HU14BER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND C " ENTS 0 To provide concepts for alternative nicotine The work programme for 1988 will be formulated following delivery systems. BATCo and BAT Industries consideration of proposals made at 3. the Research Policy Group meeting In October 1987. 0 0 Cr rk), to co co 09009voot w 0 0 CL 0 0 c FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH WORK AREA 801.02 RESEARCH TO IIVROVE PRODUCT QUALITY cr co to co 19009000V 0 0 14 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 801.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY SUBJECT; 801.02.100 - SMOKE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To have the technology to enable Group Companies to achieve subjective smoking quality superiority over leading competitive I)rands and to be able to maintain smoke quality whfIst responding to other probable restrictions. PnrLlrr I U1114HER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENIS B01.02. I 10 Filter Materials and S ke Quality Continuing on from late 1987 into early 19fifl, the role of the filter plasticlser triethy) citrate OEC) will lie studied In To understand objectively why certain relation to the migration of the plasticiser to tobacco and materials Improve smoking quality. To use transfer to smoke. The results will he compared with unplast- that understanding to Identify new materials icised cellulose acetate and triacetin as plasticiser at 7 to improve quality. different levels. In addition to sensory testinq .. objective 0 easurements of TfC and triacetin transfer to smoke, and any 0 Group Objectives: Smoke (Nis) I ty mattendant changes to smoke chemistry, will be made. Early results Indicate that the sensory benefit of TEC relative to triacetin could be due to its lower transfer to smoke. If this Is confirmed, the transfer and effect an smoke quality of other plastfc1sers will he investigated In the first part of C4 1988. > Comparisons of smoke chemistry between amino-functionalised cellulose acetate. produced by methods finallsed In late 1907, 1hiollte and sillcalite filters will lie made In early lqflfl. These projects should enable generallsations to lie made and co thus assist In the selection/speciffcation of other beneficial co materials in Spring 19110. Any materials Identified will then undergo Investigation through to mid 1900. Z9009poop W 0 0 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 801.02 - PROOUCT QUALITY C S1111JECT: 801.02.100 - SMOKE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT continued CD Z PROJECT HIN411ER PROJECT AREA Atli) TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS ANn COMMENTS 001.02.120 Product Freshness/Deterioration Continuing into early 198R, a survey Is being made of water content relationships of a selected range of tobacco types, To determine why the smoking quality of Including reconstituted materials, and correlations will be products deteriorates with age and to seek sought with chemical and physical properties of tobacco. changes that will Improve shelf life. Following this, in Spring 19118, the use of various additives and casings to depress water activity will he explored. These EELuL _q@jectives: Smoke Quality findings will be applied to the prevention of excessive water loss from cigarettes in storage. The Information available an the effects or cigarette moisture level on smoke particle size. borninq zone temperaLure and sensory propertles will lie surveyed In the first quarter of 19110. 0 0 The possible effects on smoke quality of flavour migration from tobacco rods to filter tip will he explored both for flue-cured and for U.S. blended cigarettes thicker a var(ety of climatic conditions. Cr In early 1988, tests will determine whether the conditions of dryinq-out of a cigarette (i.e. time, temperature and relative C4 humidity) influence its smoke quality after reconditioning. > Any changes observed in smoke quality will he followed up, In mid 1988, by tobacco and smoke chemical analysis. If signif- icant chemical changes are seen then means of reducing these changes (for example antfoxidants) will he sought In late 1988. CD co co M09000V 0 0 16 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 801.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY 3 SUBJECT; 801.02.100 - SMOKE QUALITY IMPROVEMENT continued CD PR&IFrT 11194ILR PRMIECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS ANO C(*".'NIS W)1.02.130 Nicotine Control By early 191111, the Influence of nicotine degradation products < anti of other tobacco alkalolds will leave been stiodied as part To aptimise nicotine delivery In current and of a programme aimed at determining whether added nicotine is future products. more effective when placed on the tobaco roil or an the filter. 0 Group Objectives; Smoke Quality The cigarette design features, identified in the 1987 review % Delivery Control of control of nicotine to tar ratios, which maximlse nicotine M Alternative Products delivery, will be combined with a view to providing specific design concepts with 0.5 to 0.6 mg nicotine and minimum tar. Objective and subjective testing of these high nicotine to tar ratio cigarettes will be conducted. 0 There Is limited data to suggest that such products are subject- 0 Ively "unbalanced' and as a consequence further work will be aimed at restoring the balance. The role of toliacco and smoke pil in restoring this balance through blend mollification anti use of additives will be Investigated in mid 19fifl. to WOMOV 0 0 17 CL 0 WORK AREA: 801.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY SUBJECT; 801.02.100 - SMOKE QUALITY 114PROVERENT continued PROJECT NUMBER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS A01.02.140 Compound Release Studies The 1987 literature survey on factors Influencing the release and transfer of specific compounds to smoke from tobacco has To investigate the influence of different highlighted the Importance of substrate, aerosol and compound aerosol and tobacco characteristics on the properties. A programme of work has been Initiated in late 0 release of substances contained In or added 1987 investigating the Influence of different carrier media on to to tobacco. the release of specific compounds from different tobacco substrates, Including additives. Group Objectives: Smoke Quality Alternative Products Carrier media to he Investigated will Include valinurs, synth- etic aerosols and cigarette smoke aerosols tinder a variety of different flow and thermal conditions Initially, the substrates will consist of tobaccos produced by 0 different processes Including cutting . , expansion and extrusion. 0 In early 19118 the measurements will concentrate on compounds Intrinsic in tobacco, for example nicotine and water, with the effects of casings and humectants heing considered in Spring Cr l9fln. In mid 1988, work will be extended Into evaluating the release C4 characteristics of flavour materials added to tobacco and filter material substrates. Complementary to the release and > transfer studies, measurements will he made of additive migra- tion on storage. to S9009V000 W 0 0 IR CL 0 0 C WnRK AREA: 801.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY SUBJECT: RO 1 .02. 1 00 - SWWE QUAL I TY I MOVEMENT con t I nued PRMIECT HUMBER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OBJECTIVES KEY TASKS Alln COM14ENTS 1101.02.1SO Casintjs Penetrations In the first phase of the project, which should he completed by early 19RO. it will he necessary to Identify an appropriate To establish spectroscopic or microscopic technique for casing depth determination and demonstrate that accurate and reproducible la) the Influence exerted on casings penetra- data will be available from this technique. tion into tobacco lamina by tobacco and casing properties and process variables Starting In early 1988 and continuing throughout the year, the and influence of an array of tobacco properties (e.g. type, plant W the chemical and s ensory consequences of position, moisture content, particle sizel, casing properties MI variations in penetration depth. (e.g. composition, viscosity, surface tension, temperature at the casing cylinder) and prncess variables (e.q. spray droplet Gr2Hg nhJ!ct1ves: Smoke Quality size. hulkinq time, cased-leaf drier lemperature/time) Oil casing penetration depth will he evaluated. 0 0 Variables which are shown to exert a significant influence on casing . penetration depth will be evaluated so that the Influ- ence of changes to depth on smoke sensory properties call be Cr understood. If a depth/sensory relationship is demonstrated, a programme of chemical evaluation will he undertaken. focused upon Maillard reaction components and products (sugars, ammonia C03 nitrogen. amino acid nitrogen, pyrazInes, etc.). to co co 99009#OOV 0 0 19 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 801.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY 3 SUBJECT: 001.02.200 - IMPROVEMENT IN CIGARETTE PIIYSICAL PR(IPERTIES STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE to identify consumer standards for performance wfth respect to physical properties and to be able to achieve these both efficiently and consistently whilst responding to other probable restrictions. PR(klECT NUMFIER PROJECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP OOJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND TIME SCALES CD 801.02.210 Removing Barriers to Densi!j Reduction Work in this area will be limited to updating and checking existing knowledge on the relationships between physical Group Objectives: Cost Reduction properties, taking into account new developments. e.g. slim cigarettes. 0 801.02.220 Tobacco Particle Size Studies Work will continue on overcoming problems associated with 0 making cigarettes from large tobacco particles. 2' Group Objectives: Physical Parameters 3 The primary and secondary manufacture af tobaccos from the Cr large scale threshing trials should he completed in 1981 but Interpretation and reporting will extend Into 1988. If, as seems likely at present, no overall changes in threshing coo practice are Indicated, attention from mid 19fill will turn to > more detailed optimisation possibilities, e.g. harder threshing combined with coarser cutting of lamina. co co L9009000V W 0 0 20 CL 0 a C WORK AREA: 801.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY 3 SUBJECT: 1101.02.200 - IMPROVEMENT IN CIGARETTE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES continued CD PR&JECT 111114HER PRMIECT AREA AND TARGET QqO11P MJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND MMENTS ----------- 801.02.230 Addition/Removal of Water Three research tasks will be undertaken in this area. Tn determine how Individual tobacco particles (a) Kinetics of reactions associated with particle stiffening, behave and how this affects bulk tobacco starting In early 1980: properties during both drying and expansion. Laboratory experiments will be carried out at temperatures 0 Group Objectives: Physical Parameters from 50 to 250% and for varying times. The chanq % es monitored will include: stiffening, embrittlement, equilibrium moisture content. dry mass, total and reducing X sugars. The factors to he studied in addition to time and CD temperature will be: tobacco type. initial and final 7 moisture content, atmosphere. particle size, added acids 0 and bases. (b) Kinetics of evaporation of solvents from tobacco, starting in mid 1988: Cr The aim will be to match our current knowledge of water El' evaporation with similar data on solvent evaporation. and r4 1 to find the miminum temperatures and evaporation rates to cis achieve high order expansion with a given solvent. This should aid the optimisation of expansion processes and also > help to predict whether h1qh order expansion will ever he possible using water alone (c) Computer modelling of drying and expansion processes using the data obtained from the experimental studies. on-going to throughout 19011. co 99009000V 0 0 21 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 1101.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY 3 SUBJECT: 801.02.200 - IMPROVEMENT 10 t[GARETTE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES continued 1111101,CT NUMBER PRILIECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP ORJECTIVES KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 001.02.240 Control of Combustion through Additives Of particular Interest Is the recovery of puff number for cigarettes utillsing low density and expanded tobaccos but, SO To investigate the use of tobacco additives, in order to provide a firm datum for comparative purposes. 0 paper parameters and additives, and tobacco a systematic evaluation of common paper burn additives will 40 processing for finding practical means of he undertaken In early 1988. using samples from Papeteries maintaining acceptable puff numbers with low Be Maudult. density/expanded tobacco cigarettes. In late 1987/early 1988, studies will be conducted into the Group Objectives; Physical Parameters burn behaviour of cigarettes as determined by the cation and Cost Reduction anion composition of tobacco additives. Measurements will include application of the video based Flurn Rate Monitor in 7 order to assess the effect of the additive on the balance 0 between puff and smoulder burn rates. 0 If appropriate, the Influence of tobacco additives on the ash stability f high expanded tobacco products will be evaluated In late 19101fl. CIO F In mid 1988, the contribution of the paper ftbre/filler ratio to to the control of puff ntimber will be evaluated through prelim- C4 Inary studies on handsheet samples, to be made by Papeteries > De Maudult. to CD A9009voov 0 22 0 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 1101.02 - PRODUCT QUALITY C SUBJECT: 801.02.300 - TOBACCO AND SMOKE COMPONENTS DATABASE STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To develop a database containing basic Information on the chemical components of tobacco and smoke capahle of enabling a scientist to Identify specific chemicals and/or those with related chemical structures. PROJECT H144BER PR(XIECT AREA AND TARGET GROUP 011JECTIVES KEY TASKS ANP CIViMFNTS 801.02.300 Components of Tobacco,and Smoke Database The current phase of this project is to expand the coverage of the database both In the number of components recorded and the Group Objectives: Smoke Quality type of information available. Additional basic information Regulatory Authorities fields will Include Chemical Abstracts registry numbers, (Minor components) melting points and hoiling points. Furthermore. the presence of the component In tohacco and/or smoke will be Indicated, 0 together with reported yields and references. Major effort. 0 through an Industrial training student dedicated to this project and employed until August 1988, will he placed Into collating information published in the open literature, with 7 particular reference to smoke components. to CD OL009VOOV M 0 0 CL 0 0 c 3 0 z V-0. a, 11 10 a S' 0 0 0 M M. WORK AREA: R02 re, 0 APPLIED RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 7 0 0 E, 3 cr 0 M I 0 1 10 M -h co co co IL009VOOV 0 0 Q 23 0 a C INTRODUCTION The activities within this section of the BAT (UKAE) R&D Work Programme represent effort allocated to the M. development and evaluation of new products. processes. equipment, analytical techniques and methodologies which have been Identified as being relevant and applicable within the BAT Group of companies. Thus. the work within this Section is not aimed at any specific company, but is seen as having broader utility within BAT. The following changes have been made from last year's Work Programme: I i )Research and development work an gratle anti blend mappluc by the ose of detailed chemical analysis has been comi0eted. Market Mapping has. therefore, bcen droppe(I Iroul this secLioll of the Programme. Application of the techniques will be pursued upon request from specific 0 Operating Companies. (11) The Increasing acknowledgement In the Group of the Importance of achieving superior taste quality brings added emphasis on product evaluation. In order to reflect this need, Work CEO Areas 702.05 (Sensory and Behavioural Evaluation of Products) and 702.06 (Constimer Research) in the 1987 Programme have now been consolidated as a single Work Area 802.04 - Product Testing. The focus of this Work Area will be to support efforts to sustain and improve Pradoct Quality by providing reliable In-hotise anti external measures of consinwr responses Lo ci(arettes. 0 .1 0 As last year. a significant proportion of the work relating to process evaluation. development and Innovation Is sponsored by Production Planning A Development Department. Mfllbank. Major Product Development activities are approved and monitored by tile Product Devololmient Steering Groijp (P.P.S.G.). Ilecause (if Ilie delikilld oil tile Cr resources from the P.D.S.G. and Operating Companies during 1987, very limited work was conducted under 'Exploratory Product Development and Innovation' Work Area 802.02). Within the RAI) plan for tile coming year additional resources have been allocated to ensure that more effort is put into this Increasingly 1q;ortant area. to co co -U009V00V 0 24 0 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.01 C S111WICT: PRODUCT DEVFLOPMENT STEERING GRO11P (P.D.S.G.) PROJECTS STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 81To undertake project work on behalf of the P.D.S.G. to meet pre-defined objectives which are alimed at developing new 11product concepts (together with associated materials and cigarette making technology) to meet projected consumer and 10 marketing needs. These will be broad-based rather than specific Operating Company projects. PROJECT flat PROJECT AREA 0 CD 0 Ano Smoking Pleasure and Satisfaction ft The aim of the work In th Is area Is to develop product designs which provide enhanced sensory characteristics compared to normal commercial products at the same delivery. 0 0 This work area was Identified as being the prime Business Objective for the 21 conilianies who participated in the Product Cr lievelopownt Survey conducted in 1981. However. companies were split In terms of appropriate strategies to be taken. This area Is currently under discussion with cod Operating Companies with a view to > identifying the most relevant project anti provision has been made ta carry out Usis project during 1908. co co to KEY TASKS AND CIMENTS During 1987. as an extension to Project FELT. a further range of unconventional but nevertheless commercial product designs were evaluated with the aim of identifying routes through which 9mg products could be made more acceptable to current 12-14mg smokers. On the basis of In-house panel findings, several successful approaches have been Identified. These are now being combinedin a single product to create an optimised effect.If successful. a small scale consumer study will lie conducted.In 1908 the FULT objective will he extended to cover a wider range of cigarette design options to achieve a high taste to tar balance for prothict spanning the ultra-low, tar through to higher delivery product range. Consumer and behavloural studies have Indicated that 0.8-1.Omg of nicotine per cigarette Is a minimum requirement for most smokers; Project 111111C alms to provide this delivery of nicotine but in cougiination with minimim leasible Ldr whilst retaining good smoke sensory characteristics. @LOOWOV 0 0 25 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802. n I SUIIJECT: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STEERING GROUP (p.n.S.G.) PROJECTS Continued Pit, PROJECT V 1111411ER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C W ENTS Is .200 Value for The target is variable cost reduction which Project DEER has shown the viability of waste tobacco util- can offer either (a) improved contribution isation via a new tobacco reconstitution process. The or (b) low price segment opportunities. material has a number of key advantages over earlier re- CD constitution processes. most particidarly Improved smoke 0 character and lower cost. The project is high priority k for the P.n.S.G. and in 1988 the objective is (till W commercialisation and Implementation by at least one 1. Operating Company. which will be pursued In collaboration with PP&D, Millbank (802.07.005). Variable costs for most companies are principally In the blend, 0 conseiluently high ET utillsation Is a key route to cost reduct- 0 Ion. Whilst this approach has been successfully implemented in a number of low tar brands (In which puff number may be retain- ed through use of ventilation) full flavour implementation requires other approaches. The options developed during Cr 1987 (reformulated cigarette paper and burn retardants applied 0) to ET) have created products with appropriate delivery and puff number, but ash quality has suffered. In 1988. work will C4 concentrate on ash quality Improvement and the design of > blends (utilising lessons derived from Project GRANGE) to create acceptable smoking characteristics. Low wellilit full-flavour products will he relevant to Project IFSS foil 12. 1) 1. 310). CD CD CD OLOO90000 0 0 CL 26 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.01 3 S1111JECT: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STEERING 'GROUP (PA.S.G.) PROJECTS ContInued PROJECT HUNDER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS .300 Social Aspects The alm of this work Is to design As a consequence of current commercial activities In the area products with total sidestream yields of sidestream reduction (e.g. new CORESTA Working Party, RJR per cigarette FeWiced to a level which development of a non-burning product dnd Reemstina claims for gives a readily recognisable reduction a new slim product launch) Project LESS has been reforwilaLed in room haze. odour and irritation, around a new objective with a high priority. The task is relative to leading market brands. to design a conventional King Size 24.75nva circumference From a marketing viewpoint. significant product with minimum measurable sidestream, and without reduction in sidestream visibility Is also sacrifice to mainstream smoke quality. Denson & Hedges required to produce a more socially Special Filter and Special Mild versions will be used as 7 acceptable cigarette. control products. 0 At the same time, the current Project LESS will be re-named 0 Project LEAST and will continue to explore a number of routes to sidestream reduction Including mdifled cigarette papers and tobacco weight reduction. An alternative route which remains to be developed but will be required In 1988 is based around DEER technology. This C4 material will have a higher inorganic content and its > usefulness for sidestream reduction will he evaluate. co co to SLOO9000V 0 0 CL 27 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.01 SHOJECT: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STEERING GROUP (P.D.S.G.) PROJECTS Continued PROJECT 11114BER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AMP COWIENTS .400 Product Design and Regulatory Aiothor I t les Work Is necessary to develop technology Project I.MASA has concentrated on Designing cigarettes with to meet, anticipated constraints which my low mainstream activity as measured by the "Ames" biological be imposed by Regulatory Authorities. test but with retained smoking quality. A wide range of Flue-cured anti Purley grades have been tested and the activity of smoke condensate from simple blends Is being explored. At the same time, the effects of product circumference and cigarette ventilation have been examined. However, It has become apparent that a single biological test will not suffice. The most promising strategies Identified thus far will now have to be screened through additional tests. 0 0 .500 Compe t 11 tor Inte I I I gence Work Is required to increase our A number of International products have been sidiject to In- awareness of product design strategies used depth examination (including sensory testing). Thus products by competitors within and across key have been drawn from a range of key markets. Whilst markets. analytical work has been completed. a number of sensory studies are outstanding - and further reports in the series C03 Project GLOBE) will continue to be issued during 1988. Other Projects Contingency resources are available co for further projects and consumer to testing. co 9LO09VOOO 0 0 20 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.02 3 EXPLORATORY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE (1) To conthict feasibility studies an prospective prothict oplinrlionlLies prior to proposinq theso as projects for adoption by tlie P.O.S.G. III) fo conduct empirical Investigations to aid better understanding of the Influence of cigarette design on cigarette performance. HIN411ER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS .1(0 Smoking Pleasure and Satisfaction .110 project FLITE Incorporation of casings and I'lavours into reconstituted tobacco via the DEER process. .120 Ammonla Technology Incorporation of BAW ammonia technology Into reconstituted 0 tobacco via the DEER process. 0 .130 Density Effects Investigation of the effects of density reduction (with and without ET) on product irritation. .2no Value for Money .210 Project DEEP Examination of the feasibility of cheap filter production via DEER technology. .220 Project VAGABOND A feasibility study on the conversion of viscose Into cellulose acetate (CA) should lie completed by the end of 1907. ThIs will include testing cigarettes made with the converted material (with untreated viscose and CA as controls): standard co deliveries phenol and vapoiir phase scan measuremuiiLs and (O co sensory evaluations. In late 1907/early 1980 alternative acetylating agents. catalysts, changes In pressure and temp- erature will he investigated In order Lo reduce the process time to a minimum. Commercial viability of the process will be reviewed In early 1908 and further wor" .1anned- LL009VOOt 0 0 CL 29 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.02 SIIIIJECT: EXPLORATORY PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND INNOVATION Continued PROJECT 111140ER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND CMMENTS .400 Social Aspects .410 Project TIIFPMS Evaluation of carbon In I)FFR liased a-iterhils as a maiis for reducing carbon monoxide production. 0 .9no General preparatory work and planning. This includes all initial activities related to new projects -ft and test preparation as required. W 3. A-P 0 0 Cr C#3 co 21009000@ 0 0 CL 30 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.03 $1111JECT; LEAF STUDIES STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To Identify processes and blending guidelines for better utilisation of tobaccos Including low quality grades, local and expanded tobaccos. PROJECT HUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMENTS .100 Smoke Irritation Identification and contro'l of blend Perceived Irritation out of balance with the other smoke components that influence subjective sensations Is generally considered a negative feature. irritation sensations. The control of Irritation may be approached by blending 0 and processing to establish general principles. 0 .2Gn Modified Virginia Products E, 3 Design of modified Virginia blends. As deliveries reduce in many markets the USH seems to be CT gaining more popular appeal. These trials would Investigate Al . ways to maintain our Virginia business by appropriate friend and cigarette design modifications. Tobacco Improvement A number of projects conducted for Operating Companies during > 1987 have shown that with appropriate casiiigs, flavourings The sip-grading of poor quality leaf by and processing. many low quality tobaccos may be made more casing, flavouring and processing usable. Work on projects for Malaysia, Argentina, Pakistan, especially beat treatment. Sri Lanka and Mauritius will be continued as decribed tinder co Work Area 13112.05.003. to co 6009voov 0 0 31 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.03 SUBJECT: LEAF STUDIES Continued CD PR031CT NUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 501) Support Activities Provision of advice and formulation of Many internal and external projects require Unique blends of blends to meet specific project objectives. tobaccos to meet specific objectives. These will be designed to meet the clients' objectives anti constraints. 0 Provision of tobaccos from anywhere In Tobaccos need to be ordered and shipped to and from the the world for specific projects. department In an appropriate form for both Internal and external projects. Evaluation of new growths and grades. A sample room containing a library of current popular grades for all types of cigarettes will be set tip'. The Intention Is to also stock and evaluate the potential of new or non 0 standard grades as alternatives or modifiers 0 rvaiuation of chemical composition of A representative ntimber of European tobaccos from the 19117 tobacco grades. crop will be sampled and sent to A.E.R.E. Harwell for Cr analysis to evaluate the effects of the Chernobyl Incident on chemistry and to compare the results with 1986 crop data. C4 to co to 0009V00V 0 0 32 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.1114 C S1111JECT: PRODUCT TESTING STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE I) To provide sensory description and monitoring of smoking behaviour in response to conventional and novel cigarettes. II) To investigate the Interactions between sensory perception, smoking behaviour and cigarette design. ill) to provide external product testing support and develop new test methods. PROJECT 11111411ER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMENTS .100 Sensory Evaluation (Supp2rt) 1. The provision of sensory description To provide cigarette sensory testing in support of development of cigarettes through trained in-house activities within BAT (UKAE) R&D and BATCo. Operating panels. Companies on request. 0 To provide reliable assessments of environmental tobacco 0 smoke Irritancy. aroma and annoyance effects to be used in support of new product development activities and/or the marketing of low sidestream products. Cr To support the BAT Group standard OMEGA network, a sensory evaluation system established In 37 Operating Companies. calibrated by standard cl!larpltes and trained hi-anniially through Territorial Workshops. co co to I 19009000V 0 0 CL 33 0 C2 WORK AREA: R02.fl4 S1111JECT: PRODUCT TESTING Continued PROJECT 11UMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C"ENTS .200 Sensory Evaluation (Development) The development of new methods to New methods, and adjustment to existing methods in the OMEGA extend the capability of current system are developed as a direct response to demand, which Is C2 sensory tests and procedures. measured by tioestionnalre to participant companies in tile co Interim year between Workshops. Method development will commence following analysis of the latest questionnaire a currently due for distribution. MITo develop new methods for testing human response to environ- mental tobacco smoke. It is expected that as the prominence of tobacco smoke as an environmental Issue Increases, a requirement for more naturalistic methods will arise In 0 order to co ement standardised methods with Information 0 modelled onTr1eal life' settings. .300 Monitoring Smoking Behaviour (Support) Cr Heastirement of the pattern and intensity of Information Is being collected on the way in which cigarettes smoking actions on tile cigarette and tile are actually smoked by consumers in terms of physical putting relationship of these actions to sensory effort to attain desired levels of sensory reward (these act- CAP description. IvItIes are In support of development activities within PAT > (UK9E) R&D and other Operating Companies on request). Currently a large scale external study to provide information on 1-10mg smokers is in progress and this is to be complemented with a 10-2nmg smoker study In early 1908. In support (if collabor- ative studies with other Operating rompantes, eqitipme-ilt, and 40 software has been supplied to W.11. A 11.0. Wills to augment a co smoke quallLy research programme. An external contract to University of Southamifton (Professor A. Gale) is investigating the way that behavioural response to prnduct5 Is mijilifled by varyioiq tar/nicotliie ratios quit social stingill. 29009vook 0 0 34 CL 0 WORK AREA: 1102.04 S1111JECT: PROOLICT TESTINGa Continued PR0JFCT III 1411 E R PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMEHIS .400 Monitoring of Smoking Behaviour (Developnnt) The development of new technology to A new behaviour monitoring system has been developed which reduce the lavasiveness of current allows simultaneous or sequential data collection from 8 monitoring equipment and allow cost subjects during smoking using one portable 1014 coq)atilile PC. effective data collection. This equipment is to be fully validated for use internally as a panel monitor. or as the basis for external tests. A new Achievement of a greater undestanding cigarette holder system is to lie dcveloped and evaluated of the smoker-effort-reward relationship. which will allow Improved monitoring of ventilated protects (the holder will not occlude the filter mouthend and ventilation flow will be separately measurable). Sample cigarettes have been prepared (Project TIGER) offering a range of tar/nicotine ratios and smoking inechanics. These products will be used In an attempt to clarify the reward/effort 0 relationship associated with human smoking behaviour. 0 It has long been assumed that perceived smoke Irritation (as opposed to impact) may influence human smoking behaviour (especially the intensity). Controlled samples will be produced to investigate this phenomenon. .500 External Testing (Support) EJ The provision of external product testing To provide external product testing In support of > consultation and/or application. development activities within PAT (IJUE) let and DATCn. Oppratfog Companies on rp(piest (this In inclutle design and implementation of 'oiie-ol I ' methodulul ies in Lhe coke ol nove I .1 products). To provide consultative support to Operating Companies on reqiiest regarding internal brief setting and external product testing aspects of new product development, i90090000 W 0 0 35 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.04 SI)DJECI: PRODUCT TESTING Continued PROJECT H194DER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS .600 external Testing (Development) The development and validation of To develop a software backed extern ],product testing system new product testing techniques for to be organised around a 'total off:r sinNilated test market conventional and novel product model. Such a system would be designed to free Operating devell)IIarnts. Companies from costly depentlence no jornprietary methods and 0 should allow reliable new product market share Prediction % and diagnostics at one sta9p before live test marketing. To extend the application of the recently developed 'tolerance triangle' method for product quality measurement (a) to new roe product parameters 11)) as a preference measure. 0 To develop a product quality measurewnt method which wM 0 handle product attributes which are not subject to 6continuous' variability (i.e. coal fall-out, hot collapse). Cie C4 co co co V9009poop 0 0 36 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.05 C S1111JECI: PROCESS INNOVATION AND APPLICATION STRATEGIC 011JECTIVE To undertake processing projects for general BATCo. application using the speclallsed facilities in the BAT (UKAE) RAE Centre. I1RO.',FCT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS Alin COMMENTS 1111MIlf R .001 Investigation of novel separator designs. To develop more effective separators both in terms of short residence time anti particle degradation, the linear Usbe will be used to study new separator models. before application Lo the small-scale high velocity dryer IIIVD-1). OO2 Ilse of humectants. Further work will be alone on the effect humectants have on the nue6er of cigarettes prothiced from a given annint, of tobacco and the effect they have on moisture and volatile losses in 0 ove" tests. 0 .(Y)3 Development of practical tobacco This work is aimed at upgrading the smoking quality of'problem' addlitIve/processing combinations to tobaccos (drought-damaged. poorly-cured, etc) which many DArCo. improve low grade tobaccos. companies are obliged to purchase. lhe emphasis is on the utillsation of Southampton's small scale additive treatment, h3 using the Tobacco Processing Cylin(Wr and sample maniffacturing W facilities to devise processes which are readily transferable > to the appropriate factory operations. Several of these projects are condticted lit collaboration with the MarkeLing Support Department (002.03). Current projects include work for Argentina and Malaysia. Futiore projects include those for Pakistan and Maurititts. co co G9009voov 0 0 37 CL 0 WORK AREA: 802.05 SOIJACT: PROCESS INNOVATION AND APPLICATION Continued PROJECT PROJECT KEY TASKS AND COMENTS 11MBER .004 Production system evaluation. Work to support Technical Services Department with respect to process Instromient evaluation In the area of Infra-Red instrumentation and moisture measurement. To identify suitable systems and equipment for GLT and PMD applications. 0 To evaluate and establish the suitability of an Infra-Red laboratory moisture gauge for Integration Into Q.C. measurement systems and also produce a data base for transfer to existing r+ 58 PMD moisture systems. :r (05 Future process Innovations anil developments. To identify and exploit Innovative process developments where 0 ossible, particularly in the areas of process sinjilification 0 p and cost reduction. Possible work includes the effects of particle size/shape in making machines on fill value, rejects and runnability. This will Include discussions with PPAD to Cr relate to BATCo needs. Initial effort and levels of experimental work will be small. C4 co to 99009WV 0 0 38 CL 0 a WORK AREA: 802.06 C SUBJECT: DRYING AND EXPANSION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE la Investigate the practical and cownercial potential of novel high and low order expansion processes PROJECT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMENTS 11114BER .001 Studies on the pilot scale IlVD-I With the Introduction of the large scale IIVF)-2. the smaller 11VD-1 will be used as an experimental rig for investigating both process variables, such as gas/snIId ratios. gas temperature anti tobacco moistures, as well as configurational changes to the conveying doct, separator anti air locks. .002 Novel dryer concepts. During 1988 a number of novel dryer concepts will be invest- Igated for their suitability for tobacco drying/expansion. There are three examples, the Surrey fluld-bed dryer. the 0 Torftech high intensity dryer (already of potential interest to 0 PPAD) and a high solid/gas ratio dryer being devised with the Process Science Group leased on work for Australia and Germany. U 003 Expansion evaluations. The facilities of the R&D linear expander, DIET pilot plant and 2) IIYD-I rig will be used to evaluate different samples of tobacco from BATCo. companies to Allow them to assess the effect or expansion processes on their own material. > .004 Agent recovery from APEX Processing In the event that the APFX pilot plant is constructed, a study will be undertaken In con.1tinction with Harwell to define the process conditions and equipment necessary for the most effective and economic method of solvent recovery. co L9009000V 0 0 39 CL 0 0 C WORK AREA: 802.07 3 SIHIJECT: EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS EVALUATION STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To undertake specific process and equipment developments and evaluations, including the manufacture of cigarettes from processed materials. on behalf of Production Department, Millbank. 0 Pitallf CT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C(MrNTS RIMER 0 .001 Support to Production Services. To provide technical know-how and assist experimental work not ft covered by specific support to Individua) operaLing coffti)anles. .002 APEX design. To prove the technical and commercial possibilities for the rol APEX process. iw 1119h Velocity Dryer. To test the recently Installed. large scale Hqh velocity 0 dryer (11VO-2). using cut lamina. 'Ibe objective will be to 0 install the unit subsequently in an Operating Company. Work will Include evaluation of a suitable feed system. To establish the potential for CRS drying/expansion on the ty 0). 11VD-I plant. .004 Shredded Stem Process To prove the applicability of the shredding process to an operating company in a commercial environment and to complete > any further work found necessary to this end. MS Project DEER. To establish the process for an Operating Company incorporating plant design, and project evaluation. together with product sensory and physical characteristics (see Work co Area 002.01.200). (O .006. Secondary Maker Development. To experiment with various hopper designs anti developments (e.g. Rothmans Soura Cruz etc.) and establish any potenLfal benefits. particularly for fill-valne gains aiiii tells (utility. 98009toop 0 40 0 CL 0 WORK AREA: 802.07 0 SUBJECT: EQUIPMENT AND PROCESS EVALUATION Continued C :q 11140-11CT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C("MfHTS 19 .007 Tobacco Distribution Systems. To continue with experiments on cut tol)acco distribution systems and receivers. .(no Low Cost Filters. To discuss and agree a future programme for the development of Iow cost filters, for exaiMile arising from Projects VAGABOND and DEEP. (Work Area 802.02.200). 0 .100 Machinery evaluation. To test new machinery innovations and establish benefits to % BAT. Specific areas Include dust free conveying and controlled strand length cutting. .200 Process evaluation. To carry out work on the new primary plant to advance tobacco processing In the areas of cost and quality henefits. 0 .201 I1VST - Cut lamina. To evaluate the use of 11VST for cut lamina expansion and to 0 establish designs for a commercial unit. .202 Steam treatment process comparisons. To Identify advantages for the STS unit and compare with 11VST for CRS processing. Cr M Dryer evaluation. To complete the outstanding work on the Hambro fluld-hed dryer and evaluate new dryers as available from other commercial W sources such as the Torftech unit Isee R02.06.002) or from > BATCo./PPAD evolution of the 11VD unit, including high solid/gas ratio (see 802.06.002). .204 rut lamina processing. To explore variables for cut lamina processinq utillsing the new PM. CD CD CD 69009000V 0 0 41 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.08 C SOBJECT: ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT 3 STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To develop methods and evaluate new equipment and procedures in order to provide efficient analytical service I to Research anti Development projects. PROJECT 11LIMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 0 .100 Equipment and Method Evaluation New and improved analytical procedures and etl0pment, continue % to become available at an increasing rate anti level of sophistication. Where they are thought to have significant potential for Sotithampton or for Operating Company Laboratories they will be investigated. Speed. sensitivity, safety. reliability and economy will all be considered before deciding to introduce a new method. 0 0 Method development will, I n particular, support research efforts In 'Reduction of other noxae' and Environmental Tobacco Smoke Issues. Cr AtittimaL Ion lbe feasibility and cost effectiveness of a new Laboratory Information Management System Is Presently being considered In depth. In particular. the possibility W of laboratory efficiency laq)rovements will be determined. In the meantime. the conversion of laboratory automation systems to IBM PC's continues. to co to 06009VOO@ 0 0 4? CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.(9 C %1111.11'Q: GE11CRAL SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE lo ensiore that scientific services within Operating Coxqianles are provided with the stipport reip0red to maintain a blol, sLandard; relevant to their company operations. PROJECT HUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 0 .100 Stopport to Operating Functions As part of the general support to the business, analyses will be performed anti advice will be giveo to the operating functions. The need for support for Public Affairs Department has increased recently and will probably continue to do so. ro Solution of problems such as those experienced In 1987 with DICAMRA will be available to Leaf Department. Major Investigations for marketing such as those carried out 0 In 1907 on slim cigarettes will continue as required. 0 Advice to the BATCo Manager Smoking Issues will lie given as necessary. General support will be covered by this project area, more specific requests will be dealt with as V a recoverable task where appropriate. 0). .200 Liaison and Advice Operating Company Laboratories contact Laboratory Services Department for general suplinrt and advice. Such requests for assistance are Increasing as more > Operating Companies find themselves faced wiLli increasing pressure from Authorities and from consumer demand. co 0 co 16009VOOP 0 0 43 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802.09 C SUBJECT: GENERAL SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT Continued CD PROJECT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS ARn TIME SCALES 1114411ER .201 Inter-Laboratory Cross-Cbeck Tests Samples of cigarettes are sent to Operating Company laboratories for analysts approximately twice per year. 0 Data from the laboratories is analysed anti a report Issiied < to participating companies. This test Is being ow)dIlled and Improved as a result of feed-back from the Operating Companies. 0 .2fl2 Standard Methods of Analysis All Operating Companies now have a completely revised set of ft laboratory methods Including standardised QC Procedures. Further additions or revisions will he sent to Operating Companies as they are prepared or as new methods are developed. .300 AGP/MGP To provide AGPjMGP advice as required. 0 0 .400 Presentations and Conferences The staff of the RSI) Centre are freilitently retpilred to make formal and informal presentations of their work both within the Centre and overseas. This requires considerable 17 preparation time and an efficient reprographics service. .500 Visitors R&D Centre receives numerous visitors from Operating Companies CP3 durfng the course of the year. Many of them come for an overview of the work of the Centre or Lo discuss specific > technical problems. VI 3. .600 I'lavour Codes The BAT flavour codes are maintained. flew codes anti (le-coiling _L information Is provided to authorlsed persons In Operating 40 Companies as requested. co (O Z6009VOOV 0 0 44 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 802. 10 C I A111.11 r r: 11111FRIIATI011AL STANDARDS - REGULATnRY AUTHWITICS STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To enstere that. HAT Industries' tobacco Interests are represented on International Committees and that its prodimts comply with statutory regulations. PROJUT 0 NUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND TIME SCALES 0 0 % .100 Smoking Standards and Regulatory To maintain an awareness of events In comittees stich as Authorities TAC, BS[. ISO, CORESTA. etc., in order to ensure that RAT's position is effectively represented and defesided. As a specific topic, defence of the Company's position with respect to BARCLAY will be included tinder this heading. 0 0 Cr co co @6009VOOV 0 0 45 CL 0 WORK AREA: 802.11 SUBJECT: QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCEDURES STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 81To ensure that laboratory Services Department conforms to the criteria set by some regulatory authorities by providing Ithe necessary trained personnel, documentation and quality assurance systems. PROJECT HUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND TIME SCALES .100 NAHAS Accreditation The Brand Analysis laboratory has been accredited by NAMAS, a Government body established to certificate those M. laboratories which comfily with a high standard of analysis M. in a particular work area. This accreditation means that 0 a results obtained by this laboratory will carry the authority 7 of NMAS and hence the UK Government. Other Governments 0 such as those iii the Middle fast which retire Certificated 0 data for compliance with legislation should now accent our data. This accreditation will be consolidated and maintained In accordance with the requirements. Further areas of the laboratory suitable for accreditation will be identified and V4 the accreditation extended to include them. C4 1 .200 Staff Training Training and re-training is an essential aspect of any > accreditation scheme-. The system introduced In 1905 will he maintained and extended. .300 Technical Meetings and Reference Regular meetings with suppliers are held to ensure the CD Tests maintenance of standards. Cigarette samples are 0 exchanged with the Laboratory of the Government Chemist and to other bodies to compare analytical data on cigarettes. I V6009VOOk w 4 0 0 CL 0 0 c 3 0 0@ e I la I 0 5 0 0 0 k w 'j. WORK AREA: 803 rIlL co TECIIHICAL SUPPORT 7 0 TO OPERATING COMPAHIES 0 F 3 47 0 V4 1 C4 - v m co to to S6009000V 0 0 CL 46 0 0 C 3 INTRODUCTION Direct technical support is given to many BATCo. Operating Companies. From the past years, it Is known that a significant level of R&D effort Is required to provide this service. Requests for wipport Usually arrive on an ail-hoc basis and therefore it is not possible to specify the exact nature of the support or the level of effort which will be required over the year. However, the trend is for greater involvement of R81) with Operating Companies and therefore a provisional allocation of effort for such work has been made. 0 Projects requested during the course of the year. but which are not specified in the programme. are Identified and recorded In the 'BAT114FO' database established for this purpose. Demand higher than estimated may require the release of appropriate resources from other areas. However, specific cost centres will be opened as requests arise to fit In with the transfer charginq procedure. 0 0 Cr 96009POOV 0 0 47 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 803.01 C SUBJECT: PRODUCT DEVELOP14ENT FOR BAT (UXIE) SINATI'GIC OBJECTIVE In develop products and provide technical support to meet existing and future BAT (UK&E) needs. PROJECT 141140ER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS J00 Product Development .110 Market and Physical Testing Reports. Six-monthly reports on BAT (UK&E) products taken from all markets, quarterly tip-dates on these and quarterly physical testing reports will be produced. =r 0 .180 Project SHAME. Further design and development of products to meet Middle 0 East delivery constraints. .190 Project MISSILE. Development of an tiltra-slim product for the Middle East market. Cr .191 Project SUSPENSE. Development of an ultra-low (5mg) tar product for European markets le.g. France). C03 1 > .192 Project GINGER. Development of a low cost ultra-low (5mg) tar product for the Middle East market. .194 Project BECAME. Evaluation of the performance of triethyl c1trate as a component of the filter plasticiser mix. co co co .195 Project DIME. Development of product designs for low cost blends being created In Woking. Z6009000@ 0 0 40 CL 0 0 UORK ARFA: 803.01 C S110JECT: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT FOR BAT (UKAE) Continued PROJFCT 11194111`14 PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS .2nO ET Sales 0 .210 Project SAIL. Report on the detailed evaluation of the product performance of the Corby XT against competition in the IT market-G13 and G13C. .220 Corby Sales Team. The provision of product advice to the Corby X7 Sales Team. .500 Materials .510 Paper Rationalfsation. Rationalisation of the range of cigarette paper specifications available from Purchasing Department. .600 Existing Technology 0 0 Project CUPBOARD. Identification of market applications for product Innovation concepts developed within PAT (UKAE) R&D In the last few years. co co co 86009VOOV 0 0 49 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 803.02 C S1111JECT: BRAND ANALYSIS FOR BAT (UKLE) CD STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To provide analytical data for Marketing and Production Departments on own and competition cigarettes and on tobacco samples. PROJECT NUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND UMMENTS .100 Product Development Samples Routine and non-routine measurement on cigarette samples arising from Product Development samples. .200 HAAFI Samples There is still doubt In Legal Department as to whether we may be required to test matched samples of cigarettes with the Laboratory of the Government Chemist in order to be able to sell our products to the armed services through NAAFI. 0 0 .3nO Export Brands Routine determinations of Tar/Nicotfne/Carbon Monoxide etc. on products for export. Where applicable allowance is made for special requirements arising from a particular market. .400 International Brands Samples are received regularly from major international markets for routine testing. C4 > .5no Physical Testing Samples are received on a reg0ar basis and physical tests performed. These tests include coal retpntian, firmness. density, end stability. static hurn rate, expanded tobaccos .600 Corby Samples Samples of tobacco pre and post expansion are receive from CD to Corby daily for the determination of nicotine and sugars in the [)lend as an aid to effective plant/process monitoring. 66009000t 0 0 50 CL 0 WORK AREA: 803.02 SUBJECT: BRAIID ANLYSIS FOR BAT(UK&E) Continued 1,11f)JECT H(H-IBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND TIME SCALES .700 Product Data Dase This very Important database Is constantly maintained and updated to ensure accurate historic and current data for use by Product Development Department In Woking. 0 X 0 0 Cr 0 V 3. CD CD co 00109poov 0 51 0 CL 0 WORK AREA: 803.03 SUIIJECT: MATERIALS TESTING FOR BAT(UKU) STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To provide a comprehensive testing service an packaging and other materials for DAT(UK&E) including Iiiirchasing Department. PROJECT 1111411ER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C"ENTS .100 Routine Testing The routine examination of papers, tipping, plug wrap. filter materials, foil, box board. wrapping file, etc. Package life studies are performed as required. .200 Materials Database A materials database containing information an properties of cigarette paper and other packaging materials will be 7 maintained for access by Woking and the Plants. 0 .300 Woking 0 .400 Southampton Investigation In areas relating to machine runnability. packaging performance and other aspects related to Cr .500 Liverpool production as required by Woking and the plants. .600 Corby C#j .7110 Materials Specification Review A contribution to the Materials Specification Review Group > will continue throughout 1988. Since many of the recommendations arising from this group are hased on analytical work conducted by RAI) It will lie necessary for R&D to assist in the design of experiments and he involved In any investigation leaning to a change in materials specifications or testing. co 10109voov 0 0 - 52 CL 0 Cl) WORK AREA: 003.03 C S1111JECT: MATERIALS TESTING FOR DAT(IIKAE) Continued PROJECT 111114111`11 PROJECT ARFA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS 81 In .11OO Out-Turn Samples for Purchasing Dept. To provide a test facility to BAT UKAE Purchasing Department for paper, board. adhesives, tipping material, plasticisers etc. anti to ensure that moiterials for delivery Lo Olieratinq Companies meel. an agreed specification. .900 Non-Routine Testing for Purchasing Dept. Additional Testing will be undertaken for Purchasing 0 Department as requested. .1000 Reference Testing A cross-check system with BAT's principle materials suppliers will be maintained. With the progress to supplier quality assurance this aspect of the work will become increasingly Important In the maintenance of BAT standards worldwide. 0 0 Cr co Z0109VOOV 0 53 0 CL 0 WORK AREA: 803.04 0 SUBJECT: TECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON BEHALF OF RAT (UKSE). STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To Undertake specific projects on machinery and processes as agreed and defined within RAT (UKSE). PRO.1fCT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C OM ENTS 11114111 R .001 Stem Studies. 1. Continue the routine physical and chemical evaluation of Incoming raw stems to supply information for Leaf and Production Departments. Woking for stem blend formulation. 2. Work will be undertaken In 1988 to Investigate routes to optimfse use of stem waste by studying the effects of different types of waste and levels of add-back on the 0 fill value and overall yield in WTS processing. 0 3. Using the new R&D primary line a study will be carried out to assess the effect of stem size so as to determine any dimensions which negatively affect fill value and yield. Cr .002 Support to Production Department. Where indicated, work will be carried out on the R&D primary line to support and verify possible process modifications C03 proposed for the Southampton or Liverpool plants. > .003 Support to Leaf Department. Testing when required of small strip and stem Imports. Development of a simple practical test procedure to assess tobacco quality. CD .004 Support to Corby. Support. using the R&D DIET pilot plant, will be given in CD assessing potential process or blend changes as required. @0109000V 0 0 54 CL 0 a UORK AREA: 803.04 C S1111.)ECT: TECHNICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON BEHALF OF BAT WHE) Continued PRIIJECT PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C OM ENTS NUMBER 81 14 .005 Production samples using the R&D primary To prepare when required, large scale sample blends for BAT line. WKW Prodtict development projects. .006 Identification of future process studies. The R&D primary line will provide an opportunity to Investigate processing variables which leave not previously been evaluated In R&D. The Process Science/Design anti Technology groups will seek to develop new process studies. 0 ft ML 0 0 63 to to to V0109000V 0 0 55 CL 0 0 WORK AREA: 803.05 SU11JECT: SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO BAT(UKAE) STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To provide scientific advice and analytical support to BAT(UKAE) Functional Departments in Woking and the Plants. PROJECT 111)MOER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND TIME SCALES .100 Radiation Protection To ensure that BAT(UKAE) complies with legislation relating to the use of radiation sources on making machines and radiological protection, Including where necessary the training of Production employees. A continued liaison will be maintained with the ORPH. =r 0 .200 Analytical support to Southampton, To conduct analytical Investigations relating to 0 Liverpool and Corby Plants production problems as and when required. Examples In 1987 Included the monitoring of residue levels on cigarettes produced using contaminated wrapping materials. Cr .300 Analysis for Leaf Department An analytical service is available to Leaf Department SO for samples as required. Examples in 1987 included analyses of pesticide levels, checks on radiation 0 1 levels from Mid European crops and analysis of suspected > fertiliser contamination. la .400 Support for Public Affairs Department Advice and analytical support will he provided to PA Department on specific issues. These are most likely to relate to the legislation and restrictions co in the Middle East. co co G0109V00V 0 56 0 CL 0 11ORK ARFA: 803.06 SUBJECT: TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO OPERATING COMPANIES WITH ESTADLISIIED 1:1 LINKS STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To provide Operating Companies with product technology expertise as necessary to meet existing and projected company needs. PiturCT NIIMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMMENTS .001 Technical support to B.A.T. (Suisse). Direct links with these companies are well established. links with Zimbabwe, Zaire and Malawi having been forged through .002 Technical support to Suon6n Tupakka By. the Product Development Audits which were conducted In May 1987. Most of our companies in Central America were also .003 Technical support to Cigar Group. audited In 1987 and regular review/contact Is maintained throtigh monthly progress reports from these comIaanies. .004 Technical support to P.T. B.A.T. Indonesia. 0 Links with the Cameroon were established when SBAC joined the 0 .(05 Technical support to Malaysian Tobacco Co. Group. Regular contact and Information exchange is now F miflotafned with New Zealand. .11116 Technical support to United Tobacco Co., Sotil.h Africa. Consequently. a good knowledge of the various coqmnies' Cr constraints and opportunities exists In the RAI) Centre and is .007 Technical support to B.A.T. (Kenya). rapidly Updated. This enables Information. advice and active collaborative project work to proceed against a coo DID Technical support to B.A.T. 01ong Kong). sound knowledge base. > .015 Technical support to B.A.T. (Singapore). .016 Technical support to B.A.T. (Cyprus). to .(18 Technical support to B.A.T. (Mauritius). to co .024 Technical support to Nigerian Tobacco Co. I . 1 90109vook 0 0 57 CL 0 WORK AREA: 003.06 S1111JECT: TECHNICAL SUPPORT TO OPERATING COMPANIES WITH ESTABLISHED 1:1 LINKS Continued PROJECT NUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS ANO COMMENTS .025 Technical support to SBAC Cameroon. .026 Technical support to W.D. A 11.0. Wills, New Zealand. .027 Technical support to B.A.T. Zimbabwe. 0 k .028 Technical support to B.A.T. Zafre. M. .029 Technical support to B.A.T. Malawi. 0 0 C4 to co to Z0109000V 0 58 0 CL 0 WORK AREA: 803.07 S1111.1rCT: TEr.11111CAI. SUPPORT TO OTHER OPERATING COMPANIFS STRATEGIC 00-JECTIVE 1) To develop better liaison with those Operating Companies which do not yet have 1:1 links with RAI). 11) 10 provide product technology support as necessary to meet existing and projected company and consumer needs. PROJECT 2. 111114BER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C"ENTS 0 CD This area provides contingency resources to meet the ad-hoc support to BATCo. Operating Companies. .100 Technical support to Indian subcontinent. Areas of support are low quality tobacco improvement via casingss/heat treatment and product design advice. 0 .200 Technical support to Central and South The provision of Product Developinent, Audits and Prothict/ 0 America (excluding Drazi)). Process Technology Seminars in 1987 has highlighted areas of product technology in which support Is heing provided. Souza Cruz will he approached to provide technical support where appropriate. Cr .300 Technical support to Africa. Audits and Seminars were conducted in Africa in 1986/7 and this has focussed the needs that are now being supported. W > .400 Technical Support to Millbank Departments. Liaison with Leaf and Marketing Departments. pliis inputs Into Marketing Courses are expected to continue In 1988. The input Into Chelwood courses is expected to Increase In 1986, since two tobacco MOP's are planned as well as one Mr. to .600 Product Audits. Audits of (a) the product development function and (h) the to S to moke sensory qualities of own and competitive brands will he Conducted on requests 80109poov 59 0 0 CL WORK AREA: 803.08 0 SUBJECT: LABORATORY SERVICES IN OPERATING COMPANIES 0 C STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE To ensure that laboratory services within Operating Companies are provided with the support required to maintain a high standard relevant to their Company operations. PROJECT HUMBER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND COMENTS .100 Technical Reviews and Visits Regular reviews of overseas laboratories are important in order to maintain high standards of analytical support In Operating Companies. In principle each laboratory should be visited at least once every three years. with additional visits paid as required. Special visits will he made as determined by the Operating Companies in conjunction with Territorial Department, Millbank. 0 .200 Training of Operating Company Personnel Training courses will be provided for Operating Company 0 staff as required and agreed by Territorial Department. Millbank. Each course will be designed to suit the Individual requirement. .900 To con(hict specific non-routine This service will continue but It is not possible to Investigations as required by Operating predict the variety of requests which may arise. An Companies and Hillbank Departments estimated resource has been allocated but any higher C03 demand will require appropriate resources from other budgeted > programmes. Specific cost centres will be opened as requests arise, as appropriate for transfer charging. co co co 60109#OOV 0 60 0 CL 0 WORK ARfA: R03.09 SUBJECT: ANALYSIS FOR OPERATING COMPANIES STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE ro provide an efficient brand monitoring service for Operating Companies. PROJECT WHIER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C014MENTS .100 Routine Analysis To provide routine brand testing and to monitor studies performed by Operating Companies during the development or modification of products. The amount of testing,under this heading Is now lower than i:bprevfous years dtie to the successful establishment of 1 oratorles in many DATCo, Operating Comlianles. 0 0 .200 Special Analysis The measurement of specific chemicals performed at the request F of an Operating Company. 3 .300 Materials Testing A testing service Is available on materials purchased directly 17 from suppliers by an Operating Company. F .400 Cross-Check Tests To perform specific method cross-checks with an Operating W Company on request. 011090000 0 0 61 CL 0 a WDRK AREA: 803.10 SUBJECT: FLAVOUR DEVELOPMENT AND MANUFACTURE r+ STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE V To formulate, manufacture and supply flavours In order to give Operating Companies distinct product advantages In In their markets. 0 4 PROJECT U114BER PROJECT AREA KEY TASKS AND C " ENTS 0 % jnn Flavour Formulation. How flavours formulated during 1907 are now In commercial use W (e.g. Cameroon) and/or under test in several markets (e.g. Zaire, Middle East, Sierra Leone etc.) Further flavours wil-I be formulated from traditional materials. flavour House Innov- F ations and/or new materials arising from Group research. which have been identified by the Flavourist Workshops as heing of potential value. These will be evaluated atainst 0 .1 0 project objectives set by specific Operating Coiril)anics. Current key areas are flavours for poor quality, low amplitude tobaccos and flavours for significantly modified Virginia blends. Cr .200 Supply of Flavours. Flavours will continue to be supplied to Operating Companies on request at competitive prices. The opportunity was taken W at the Product/Process Technology Seminar in Higaraqua In > 1987 to demonstrate to delegates (from Central and South American countries and the Caribbean) a wide range of flavour styles. .300 Flavour QC. In order to provide the maximum possible quality assurance co to customers, a considerably expanded QC facility has been to created and is in operation. This involves extended testing of Incoming Ingredients on receipt anti manufactured flavours pri Or to despatch. In 1988. the system will continue to lie extended and .refined. 11109voop 0 0 CL 0 0 C M. M.LOCATInN OF TICIINICAL WORK EFFORT % of Technical Total Effort Work Area Work Work Ef fort"' 1-@n-e-ars-Yw 801 Fund4mental Research 29 23.5 11(2 Applied Research anti Develolment - General 41 34.0 003 Direct Technical Support to Operating Companies Is 12.4 0 804 Service Work - Laboratory Services, ComIxiting, is 12.4 0 Sample Manufacture 82.3 Cr Based on professional effort of Grade 5 and above. In addition, the overheads effort Is 18.5 man years (management. library, site services, etc.). to Z1109VOOV V t1_11 I I I I -tb. C) 4:1b CY% CD LO-4 BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 23 April 1999