1 ~I ' ' '' ' .·u "z ·~~ ~~!C'~·· r :: s,·~~~ e·=j,. ·r : 1~ 4:~~· '' ,sh~Y' I :1 ta?~ ·;~~~·- cR' ~~·· iP;` '" i ··k ?'~· " :. r· ~-;m~r~!~·?,·3 :~" '·PI;~~~YMet' ~ 'i ;, I~ r~at ; ~ ICY iY~ "' .I i ,is! I :: $L5 r ~~i~i :: I -~v~~ · r i ·~ jQ :h r ·~: ~·: ;" Y; ,~el; ~P~d · :Sgq~ ( rW` ~:ta~l ~ I c i.: u~, -· hr r ' r 1~~ . ~!·" · ": ~~ " "· !"~ - p ~· ·I ·* ~.~Ph d "~: rr ?· ·· i ·;· \· t-, ;:., 'i I' r:S. ~·4)~Ci~ i ':I·- ?~t~~L\k. . ~3 ~·~p~ X ·' -. SB~· ri ·: k "''a ,· ,, &I ,, ·::&,,r .:C~"' ' ·. ~·~, ~~, c; ·· ··t~:·! '·, e$,~*" A- r~~s;a~· i:::: . : E~ ; 2~; ·~ r ~~$ ~·I4AtC i I' Q31Y: . : "a'F .ii ,rl* ,YYI :li "'' b~~A I~*\4P~ rrrUI~ #L k(C ULL `~r~llk~ : · bj~:l ·I ~48~i U ·U :·~n · n~ y~E~ I ~ ~ gl~;~rrmr?r~:c\~l:~Ri~E~S~8Rt~h~h~r~sr LL~ ;nJ~-TSL~-~I1 )· I I "" ~. ~L 7- ~Fp~~i·i · i I· i· ,, . . a g~· O ,·~? ·~ -n~s~:: ·~L '·U "' ly~ C '' '' 4j ,i: U ·1 , ·~ cr C HATCe document far Legal Servicee : Heath Canada 20 May 1899 3, O ILI \C 4~st~ r~:a~~ci~:a~l~".~; '' ~· ·3. BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 RESTRICTED BATUKI ll~D CENfffE APPLIED RESEARCH ~ DEYf?OPMECT STATUS IIYIEW MOTES Period ending Dece~er !987 This eocunent reviews all work at BATUKE R~O Cen:re, not covered by the Fundamental Research Programme, Therefore, i; is 5re?ominantly concerned with General Applied Research ~ Development activities - Work Area 702 and with the tednicai support provided to the non-CAC Operating Companies and ~illbank Departments · Uork Area 703, Distribution: No,i's of operating Coqanies, For Information Heard (7) Territorial Managers, Millbank (3) iii i ~ ~ ii E ,nJ I1Lnl IlnrlJ TLo nua aa a topl~d or IBun u ua~ul~nrtC Zno·I `O BATCo document for Legal Senrices : Health Canada 20 May 1999 RISiillCTiD BAT~KE Rb3 C5NTRE Procress Review: Hort Areas 702 and 703 1Prrcd ending Oecember 1987 CON`TEM Horw Area Key Task Page No, 101, AP?!IID REEARCH a OEYELOPMENT · GENE;IAL. ,Oi Procuct Development Steering Group IP,O,S,G,) Protects ,02 Lpi~ratlrj Product Development a Innovation 9 ,03 narl(er Surveys Based on Subjective a 12 Objective characteristics of Products ,04 leaf Studies 14 ,C5 Sensory a Behavioural Evaluation of Products If ,06 consumer Research 18 ,07 Process Innovation a Application 22 .08 Expansion Technology 24 ,09 Equipment a Process Evaluation 26 ,1D Analytical Method Development 30 ,lr General Scientific Support 32 ,1? Quality Assurance Procedures 34 753, AP?~!ZO RESEARCH a DEYi!OPMENI ISPEtI~It ,01 Product Development for BAf (UKCEI 35 ,02103107109 Brand Analysis and Material Testing for 40 Opef~ting Companies including BAT (UK&I) and Purchasing Department .04 Tecnnical Investigations on Behalf of 42 BAi LUK&i) .05 Technical Support to Operating Companies l3ith 43 Established 1:1 Lints (Excludiog IAT (UKaE)) ,06 Technical Support to Operating Companies 46 Excluding BRT (UKbE) and the Established 1:1 ioinpanies ,OP Support for Laboratory Services within Operating 49 companies h, ;!avsur tievelopment a Manufacture j0 ~ I·!IB~Tllh in.: t~z~:! Ilm~lte Thll mullnolk:n~~l 3r Ihlur.:: ur.~ul~nl~~ pnonl \D BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 WORK AREA: 702 APPLIEC~ Rij~~CH a OEYELOPMENI GENERAL E I·lf 3 ~ I II I InJ ~r~nlLlmllc~ T$r mu~: not br cnplcd or Ihpun I~ unlullunrlC ~as;l C BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 __ _~__ __ ·1- ~3rt ~reb 702,01 X~y Task Product D~velopment Steering ~r3up JP,D,S.G,) Projects, S:rateoic Oajective To undertake project work on behalf of the P,O,S,G, to meet pre-defined objectives which art aimed at developing new product concepts together with associate", materials and cigarette making technology to meet projected consumer and marketing needs, Status Projects are broadly based rather than being focused on specific Operating Company projects and are tategorised according to three Perceived consumer needs: i, Smoking Pleasure and Satis:acton 2, Yaluc for Money I Personal and Social Reassurance and according to a need for better intelligence on conpet- ition product sttltegies: 4, Competitor intelligence i, Lo~ino pleasure and Satisfaction Project F~1T The aim Is to derive designs at 9ng tar whic)i provide greater acceptability fat 12 - ldng smokers than current 9mg tar options, From an initial range of twelve experimental products, three have been shown to out-perform two of three Ilmg comardal products (Players N3,6 and Embassy No,l), The three experimental products comprised [aJ reduced density (25: ii), [b) alkaline filter and (c) high nicotine blend. ~ 1~1 I I T II I in: ~~~nl ~~~J Tbl m~l nor h En~d or rhcvn iu U41L~C ~nO~~ O BMeo document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1900 -2- The commer;ial product not out-performed was DunhiT1 KS, The high blend nicotine variant was closest to Dunhill and in terms of acceptability, gained the highest rating from the in-ho~s~ panel, d further;roduc: has been designed which combines the various de;ign routes which showed advantage within the original r!~7Te set, This comprises reduced density via Ei, eleva:~S blend nicotine and inclusion of the alkaline filter, ~cnhill is, therefore, the target product for this devel3:mer;, and as this product Is deafly modified, 1C: air-curc~ tobacco was included in the blend. Ilso, In order to a:~ievt elevated blend nicotine, an alr-lapina blend was :riduceC. This product, at Pmg, was considered by the panel to out- perform Ovnsili in general terms; however two specific problem areas remain to be resolved: (a) overt air-cured character 1b) characteristics of first few puffs, Further lazles to get a better taste match for Ounhill and to improve the mechanics are currently being manufactured, b report d~:?~ing all designs and procedures used in the project is C:;he draft stage. PtoSec: HI~:~ The objective of this project has been modified. The target nicotine delivery of 0,8mg has been retained but the tar tar;ct of 5mg has been relaxed, although the tar delivery ~s: be significantly below Sq. This change was accepted ~e:?~se of evidence that tao high a ratio of nicotine to:ar led to a marked imbalance in smoke sensory properties. Tnus the revised target tells for 6 - 7mg tar with sensor; characteristics to match Silt Cut (U.K.). p ,,I, ii c ~s~ - * ~i ,e ~h ml(* ,,.,, gC~~ *~I BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 21 May 1899 ·3· Three products containing the blends described in the previous Status R~yjbW Notes were anuieetured, The two products containing high nics:inp grades cave inpactltas:p imbalance; i ndeed One version (7, 3mg tar and 1.17q nicotine, i,e. above t,tgpt d~liveriesi exceeded State Ixaress :~ in impact, It was this finding that led to tne revised objective, A blend with 2,7: nicotine is currently being assessed against Silk Cut at different ventilation levels, Oeliveries have yet to be measured but ii: ventilation created an imaact match but with lower ilavour amplitude, Calculated deliveries are img tar and O,amF nicotine, 2, value for Money Project SEER Ho adverse comments have been received on 3&H cigarettes containing 6: DEEP which were sent to markets during the period. Uatk has concentrated an developing a recipe for B.A,T, (Suissej which will allow satisfactory runnability and still provide good TI:, Differences were noted between blended wastes and fue-cllred waste in the former respect but have Seen resolved, Particle size has been reduced by the introduction of a fla:- slot die which enables greater draw-down and hence produces thinner sheds cut to SC cpi instead of 3G;pi, Colour has become lighter as a result, ~ lulB T~L1;I~Elalc: I~nllt\l Till mull to: e~ ro)lr~ r !hPun I~ unlu:lu.rtd plotl O BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 _ I -I- A second extruder is on site and should be operational in February 1988. This will be connected to a second prototype cutrerlcaoier unit and will be used exclusively for OiE~, OEER ~de from:wo types 31 blends from B.A,T, (Suissel have Seen comprehensively examined for across-extruder chemis:ry changes, sake chemistry and Ares, One blend contained Buriey, the other Maryland type tobacco, Nothing in tne data gave any concern whilst reduced Ames a:tivi:y for both materials was highlighted, The AI;P has met and is recomr~i~nding ap3r3val for ~EIR for levels up to 20; inclusion, kpar;:rom BAT (UI~E) and aAt Suisse, support for investigations is being afforded to Canada, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, South Africa and New Zeal~nd, Canada anti Brazil are the most advanced, P.C, opinions on validity and infringement of the P,M, patents have 3ea obtained, The odds seem still to be in our favour, The convention date for our own applications is 2j :ebruary !988 and a decision has been made far a filing progra~i~. ~ (url a ~ t i Il; la ttx:ll;m'lr: T:l~ -ull nM ~:"~l!d Or laorn I~.nlr~JnaC monl. BATCo document for Legal Senrices : Health Canada 20 Illay 1999 __ _· -5· Praltc? CIC1IGE The aim of the work - now complete · was to develop DIET core blends with improved smoking quality, No unamSicuo~s rules of thumb emerged to guit~ leaf blenders in the selection 3f grades for DIEI pro:2ssin9, although a na30r of orates were found which shre~ minimal sensory change as a consequence to expansion. Low 3lant position ripe tobaccos showed the greatest weiclt saving both before and after 3Ifi Iroc~ssing, but at :ne expense of processing quality, A rPlort will be issued shortly providing a ce:2iled description of the work ant its outcomes; i" addition a review of the reported data has been written ijirh recomn~ndatisns to BAT IUK~E) concer~ing:omercial opportunities, Project 10RHC The objective of iORHO is to achieve significant density reduction (25: relative to unexpanded blend) in fuli- flavsur products whjlSt maintaining physical, delivery and sensory attributes, The two Rain strategies for achieving this are (a) use of high substance and low chalk papers and jbi use of burn retardants applied to the fastest·burnin~ component of the blend i,!, the expanded portion, prior to expansion, i i.~: S;:'ihl.: i~~~~· I,e~:r: TIII nul: nnl tu ;~plr! o: rhoun ;: ::lr:~.l:: xscl BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·i· The key objective targets of puff number anC delivery have been met with all papers on blends incsrporrling burn retardants, However, prior to S~ke sensory assessment of these products, the Additives Guidance Panel has requested the analysis of a number of smoke Components, and some o~ this data is still awaited. If clearance ir obtained anG the results Of sensory evaluation demonstrate potentially 2icel:atle smoking characteristics, a pro~r~sle of blend development will be initiated. 3, Personal and Social Reassurance Project LESS/LEAST Project:ESS has been re·deiined as the use of conventional product technology to produce the lowest measurable sidestr~am yields whilst maintaining mainstream smoke quality. Appropriate technologies involve, in addition to low rides,ream cigarette papers, inclusion of DIET and modification of filter length. Two oiends have been designed for Ylrginia produCts which contain 25: and CC: DIii respectively. These blends will be prepared in early 198B so that cigarettes can be manufactured to a variety of specifications, The starting point for the 25', inclusion blend was Project ilNA in which a successful full-fiavour product was created with this expanded tobacco content, The 40', DIET blend is a development of the same blending principles. Project LEAST will explore novel technologies, especially Gill technology, in an dttempt to reduce sidestream yields still further. The project will evaluate the effects of including carbon and inorgani:s in the furnish to the DEI3 process, Such materials can act merely as diluents or may ~ 11t1 B~T Ilh c: il?·. L:n~s: T1!1 null nOlk m)l:::: rh~*~:~ ul~Flb.~r: naocr O BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·7· provide enhanced effects in situations in which heat is conducted away from the coal, thereby modifying cor~us~i3n cnarac:eristi:5, Project 1~~5~ Project WbZ~ aims to establish blend and design options for low mainstream Ames mutagenic activity products, The survey of !5 flue-cured and 10 3urley single grade cigarettes iclicates a significant correlation between Ames activity and total grade nitrogen content. However, much of tais correlation may be due to:he known higher activity oT;urley tobacco and hence "caused" by some other factor no: neasured in the limited chemical analysis of the grades, Tests of a series of flue-Cured and U,S.-jiended cigarettes in the circumference range 13 - t.Pma have confirmed earlier findings of reducing Ames activity with reducing circumference, Chemical analyses of these cigarettes remain to be completed. 5, Comol?i:or Intelli~!nce project G103E ihe aim is to provide detailed awar~ness, in the international brand arena, of (a) current competitor thinking on product design (b) strategic differences in the product Offer to different markets, A comprehensive programme of data collection has been carried out for each of the following international brands - Marlboro, Marlboro Lights, Cartel, Rothmans, OunhiT1, Silk Cut, 3B and Kelt and analysis of the remaining brands IJPS and Cartier) uiT1 take place over the nex: two months, O Iv~) a I IU i; ~nJ Etn·nl L;elc! Till mulln0lk mplrd or Iharn I: UnlUlhl~lll *nsnl BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -8- The progtamr cotprises physical, blenC, pa7er, saire and sensory evaluation, The first three reports are complete (~arlboro, BaH and Camel) and the fourth resort (Rbthans) is in draft ion, @ 11l1 a T ii 6 In: Elbl61LlmllcL: Thll null not k mpl~d pr Ihoun IO unluthlnltC pnPnr BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -9· k'ork Area 7G2.02 Key lask iXP]brdt:ry Product 3eveiopmt:; and innovation StratePic Objective Ii) To conduct feasibility s:~dics on pros~e~live product opo~rtunities prior to proposing these as projects for adoption by the P,D.S,G, iii) To conduct empirical investigations to aid better understanding of the infl~ence of cigarette design on cigarette pcrfotsance, Statss As we r~;a~ed earlier In the year, the heavy workload in other areas of the programme has prevented the allocation of significant resources to identified projects, Also, most of the identified projects will make use of the DEER technology, To rectify this situation for !9aB a second ~xtruder facility has been introduced together with a increase In resource for these activities, Protect T1ITE · incorporation of casings and fiavourr via 3EER process. 2, tnc:r?oration of all ammonia technology into DEER. 3. Projad iHEeMOS · incorporation of carbon-containing material into DEER to reduce carbon monoxide. Incsrporatlon of non-coml~stjble filler into DEER to reduce smoke potential (isr Project liSS), Project DEEP - examination of the feasllility of cheap filter production via DEER technology. ~ i ~t a ~ T ii i IJ t~~e ~ L~n~ Tb! milli npl k r~rd ~ ~ou n ~ ~~l~n~: ~l~r BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada I Yay llsP '~u" ultra-Slims ~tansivp iilr:nPr cevelopment of Ilmn~n and !8mm cigarettes and filters i;ing low permeabiiity cigarette papers has been Undprt!i?n to support several product development exercises for Sperl;ing Companies, Much of this work is reported unanr inCieiCual project headings e,g, MISSILE, PROhCI YA~;3jNO The objective of this project is to investigate the feasibility of converting viscose into cellulose acetate as a means of developing cheaper filters, Slight modifications to the laboratory giassnare apparatus have enabled the production of lengths of treated tow up te~70m, Tne:rea:ent removes the small amount of crimp present in the input viscose and filters produced from trelted;Mttrial are essentially "straight-laid", to obtain pressure drops similar to normal Cellulose acetate filters it is necessary to double or treble-lay the material at present, Smoke filtration results show, surprisingly, that viscose specifically filters paenols from smoke, vagabond treatment slightly improves viscose performance to the level of unplasticise? ace:ste, Addition of plasticisers to viscose, Ya~t:snd filters or acetate shows strikingly similar increases in specificity for all rrterials, implying the plasticissr itself has some specificity, Considerable work has been done to look for superior reaction catalysts, The catalysts mentioned in the literature were all investigated at various concentrations and rr~isture contents, ~it~ the finding that sodium acetate at 60-70; 6 lu?lB T IL1 1:: t~FlnlL.-::~;;::~ n~l: to: N m~l:~ O: ~hgun 1,1 unlulhl~ld Cnonl C BA~Co document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 moisture add-on was the best, as has been implied, Hany other cltionl~nian com3inltions have been tested, some shoving increased rcac:ivi:y but causing fibre degradation, At the slee time, it was nal~sed that the single necessary Condition ~as an atkatine catalyst solution. Using 0,5: sodium hytroxide at approxi8tely 3C: moisture content enables the reaction time to be cut to 30 seconds or less, ies:s are under way to optimin the reaction and to produce a further set of samples for assesslnent. ~ iv~l a a I 11 C a~ t~hnll;e;lrJ ihlr m~!: npr k ropr! pr Iho.n id unlullu~ld pMnl BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -:2· Hork Area 702.03 I(.y T~s~ narket Surv~yi b2sc! on Sub;t::ivl ~nd OajeGive Charattsrir;ics of products, Strategi c0bjective io enable product development activities to be pursued against a clear awareness of the existing relationsnip between own and competition products in a given market, Status In the period under review, resources were devateC exclusively to a major ~roje:t aimed at establishing the validity of the capping tec~iniques which underpin market surveys, Doubts had been expressed concerning (a) the reprddueibiiity of these t~cSniqucs and ibJ their value in product invpstigatians, The investigation clmpared the performance of the two spectroscopic techniques used in this work (iourier Transform Infra-Red and X-lay iluonscene~) with each other and with wet chemical evaluation, The reproducibility of all three technigues was examined by replicate analysis of a large nuli$er of ilue·cur~d tobacco grader, taking into account variability between Sat:nes of tobacco as well as experimental errors, The scatter between replicates of iTIR data was greater than that of wet chemical analysis, While that of XRF was simi i ar to wet chemi rtry, The reproducibility of iTIR Could be improved to bring it into :ine with the other techniques by increasing the nutter of replicates at the laboratory stage, Given thi s adjustment, and taking i nto account other sources of variability (e,g, between cases of the same grade and crop year), the overall reprodueibility of the data from the three e:hods can be regarded as I similar, ~ (uul a ~ T II I; Inl ~~a'nlllmllr: ~hll mur~ npl tu Lnpl:f:: I~oun I~ ;tlulluz~~C XaPnl O BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 Hay 1999 The linear aeditlvity of iTIR and XRF has been de~ons:rat~d on laboratory olends of milled ro~aecas, but other types of errors and uncertainties are shown to be more important in blending applications, The reliabiTiry of sper:roscople and mapping teehnlgues is adequate to mate meaningful contributions to practical applications relating to tobacco grades and blend evaluations. However, these contribil:ions should be krlt firmly in petspc~ivc, and the teehnigues themselves kept in their appropriate place alongside other tools. ior future applications, a detailed protocol will be drawn up to standardise the methods of sampling, neasurenent, interpretation and reporting, fhe general concepts or blend mapping based on complex Ehemical data have now been adopted and im3leanted by some of the najor Operating Companies in the Group and the facilities will be avaiiable in Southampton for future studies on grades and blend evaluations for Operating Companies. O ~~ I ~ T IC I ~~ i I*n i ~nu~ Tbl ldI II k mp~ ef lholn * *Idb~= yyo O BATCo docllent for legal Services : Health Canada tO May lgw Work drea 7C2,OC Key T~st Laf Studies, Stratecic Objective To identify processes and blen~ing guidelines for ~~::er utilisa:ion of tobaccos, including low gudllty, local and expanded tobaccos. Status Argentina (Projeet SAG~OTI The first samples, based on siqle Chemical treatmen:s and modified processing conditions, sent to Argentina have been assessed by the No~le!a-Pic~ardo expert panel. The degree of improvement was significant enough, despite the presence of some residual off-taste, for Uoble!!·Mccardo to adopt the treatment to produce blends for larger scale subjective testing. Meanwhile, further treatments have been explored at Southampton ant samples produced ac~ despatched to Argentina in an effort to reduce thess off-oclles, Future work will depend upon Noalez~-Piccardo's assessment of thew samples. nalaysia(Project IIMSLOI) The teaf Blender from Malaysia was seconded to R&O for three months to pursue three projects: (a) improvements to the smoking quality of low grade lan~ina (b) improvements to the smoking Quality of local sterns development of a Pldifi~~ Yirginia blend @ lull a ~ T II~ In~ Ela'nlLlmllr~ Thn mur: 60; h ~npl~l:: !~o*n U u:~~l~nxd ptn0nl BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ~ ~·_ Under project [a), a range of conventional and unconventional treatments were examined; this yielded three treatments sufficiently promising to sri; inclusion in the blending exer~ise (c), From the range of treatments applied to stem (project (bi) the most dramatic effect resulted from water extraction prior to cutting, ~il reduced the negative taste attributes of stem and produced a sweet but slightly chemical/synthetic note. Other treatments (including acid treatments) also produced effects - albeit less dramatic - which could also be further explored under llevelopments under (c) followed two principle areas of investigation: (1) to develop a domestic tobacco blend with more acceptable rmoting quality than existing commercial products tin which there is little intended modified character), iii) to assess potential for developing a more heavily modified product in the U,S, Blended direction, ·reat~nts from (a) and ibJ were incorporated into the blending activity in various combinations and appropriate fiavour developments were applied, Saqies will be submitted to Malaysia for evaluation and further r~rin~~ntl~dif ication will be carried out in the light 3f;hese ev~loatlons. thernobvl rnirteen samples of 1987 crop tobaccos from Greece, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia have been analysed for Caeslue 13a and ~~tsium !37 activity. One Bulgarian sample was measured at 23 becpuerelslkg and one Greek sample at 1189/~9~ e pdl~: iii r~ ~rc~ in~: Thl I·I rib m~~j# ~ol~o~~luol par BATCo document for legal Services : Heath Canada 20 May 1999 'iD' All ota!r;Emples were below 10 Bpl~g, These ~al be compared with the EIC maximum permitted levels of ?j0 iqlkg for ciik and baby food, and 500 89119 for other foods, A further fifteen samples from Turkey are currently being analysed, Results to date show that 1967 levels of Cacsium activity t::ributa~le to the Chernobyl accident are signi~- icantly below 1996 levels, Products sold to Egypt and Malta require a certificate of indemnity from the Separ~nt of Trade b Industry, stating that the product is below specified levels of radioactivity. To da;e five samples have been tested and shown to be below the s,ecified limits, !eai and Smoke oH A detailed review has been produced which explains the effects of blend type upon pH values and how these values influence smoking daraeteristics, particularly smoke impact. E lu,t a ~ T II L It: f\a'r: :;si:r: TLII mul; not k m~~rd oI Ibun (I) YnlYlh~*I~C F~noa BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 Work Area 702,05 X!v ~sle Sensory ?r,: Behavi~~ral Evaluation of Products. Strategic Objective i, To:·:uide !X3Pft sensory evaluation of the product, 2, To il·r~er understand the relationships between seer:ry properties, ciF!rett~ design and human sa~ing behaviour, Status tn support of the 3:: Group Taste ~ ftavour Network isee Work Area 732,06), standard cigarettes have been supplied to sever?' Operating Companies and further manufacture of standards ~~s been E;sedule~. Use o: standards has shown a, healthy increase over 198c' as a result of the !987 Workshops, Sensory ~~1 ~ehavioural testing support for BAT IUKti) product c~v~lopn~nt, SATCo, and RaO projects was again substanti?l, in all 160 tests being carried out during !987, Internally, a major training programme has been eorrpleted to introcce new panellists to the UKaE RLO panel, This exercise, which isrthe first time has also drawn on volunteers irom:he Southarrmton Production facility, was successi~: in training 15 new panellists whe now contribute to a faster turn·araund on the panel workload, In addition to client oriented service activities a consider?;ie proportion of support work was devoted to activities in Work Area 702,06, notably under projects 1YNX and IIjER which are separately nlorted (see Work Area 7c;l:ai, NOiI for 198E Work Areas 702,05 and 702,0i will be eiigama;ed as one Work Area titled PROOUCT TESTING, ~ luxl a h 1 i h in: t~h'~ ;':(: Tdll I1;1: no~ k EnF:r::: IhOun lu u~lultunl~C ptnotl CD BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 #ay 1999 ·18· work Area 702.06 Key Task Consumer Research, Strareoic Objective i, To support the development and application of new product testing techniques including the optimisarion of the use of existing ter~niqc~s in the context of conventionaT and novel product development, 2, TO further uncerrtanCing of the smokers' 'functional' interaction with the product. Status ihae are currently four major Dro,'eet activities within this Work Area: Method Develooment and Ao3lication The product quality lreasurement model designed to capture consumer quality perceptions and originally validated:or impact and mechanics has now been reported as a full RhD report and companion Predict Develosment RevieH, Application in a limited number of lead Operating Companies is expected for 1988, and to support a potential application in the 0.5. the model will receive a limited validation for menthol application in the a,K, Preliminary investigation of the potential to elaborate this model as a preference measure has been completed to data collection stage within a broader project (TIGER) in Oeee~er 1987, In this approach, quality model tyoe impact and mechanics data will be cross-related to preference judge~nts. pt 1~~1 a.i r II~ i?: EsnlLlmllrd Thll mull Ik sgrJ 3: t~pun I~ JolahlnlcC #~wl O BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 I -1P- Progress has continued in developing a akT in-house simulated test market model of the assessor type. Prototype software is now available for further refinement in the first quarter of !588, In addition, a number of related techniques have been defined and progressed, these being: price sensitivity modelling, content analysis far qualitative data, ad·reaction modelling and brand mapping, These I!ehni3ues are to be successively validated throughout 1988 and subsequently i nt egra;~d i n a traini nglcl~nun i ca: i on network parallel to that of OMiGA. Work has been initiated in developing a 'pap~r·ire~' in· house panel data collection system which will collect multiples of p~neilis: responses to product attributes using a central processing unit linked to 'intelligent' key pads, This system will be cost-realistic and a prototype will be evaluated in March 1988, Co-~dina:ion of BAi Grout (OMEGA) Product Testing Having successfully completed four territorial Workshops covering circa 30 Operating Companies in the first quarter of the year, thus maintaining and further consolidating the Grout 06f;A Taste And Fiavour systems, the next stage objective is a review of the status of OMEGA Network activities, envisaged for March 1988, as a prior stage to planning ~h! next (!989) round of territorial Workshops. The emphasis of the 1989 programme is to further increase the involvement of market researchers and product developers. In anticipation of the 1989 Workshop a detailed critical examination of current flavour profile evaluation is unde~w~y, ~ lu~~ a h T II ~ In: i~~~r: 1-::: T··~ a;r:~ol r ;npl~J pr Isoun iv un~ulhm~rC prJon~. O BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -ZC· System kveioDm~nt and booii:ation The fully psrtajle Ia~l P~:~3oa:ihle systems isr monitoring smoking behaviour in the field using consumer groups, has been completed and validate?. The system achieves the objective of simultaneous or sequential data collection from B smokers at one time via hardware Which can be deployed by one person in hall or home test environnent, i(lr:hlrDrO, a suitably trained small tear of Conventional field force interviewers can satisfactorily manage these exercises, Capability oT'n~ System is that in 2i days sm~lting behaviour records for 100 smokers x 6 cigarettes each was collected. This represents a marked advance on current State Of the art, The data content of this pilot validation is relevant to on-going attempts to model snaker effort·r2ward relationships since the project (iIGiR) used a series of experimental cigarettes using systematically manipulated tdrlnieotine ratios and mechanics characteristics, Oata collected will be analysed and reported within 1988, previous generation portable (APPLE based) snaking monitor systems have also been deployed in a major study of smoking behaviour of low tar (1 - !OmgJ smokers (LYNX RI I), Oa:a on a range of low delivery cigarettes has been collected using samples of 20~ consumers in each of U,K,, 8el9iun End Switzerland. Smoking records have suSseaantly been duplicated and in the first quarter of 1988, this stale of study will be repeated in each of the European locations (LYNX MX II) to Consider consumers of full-fiavour (10 · 20mg ) cigarettes, Full data including duplicated deliveries for luex I and II is to be Complete by April US9. iur; s ~ i ii L Ist t:\a··l Ilmsri! Thll mull nor ~;rs::: cr Ihilr~ lu un~ul~uarrC yaonl BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 I __ ~I ~·_ ·21- Se:ort to Oe?r~:ina Cocoanies Local supper;:o operating Companies on product testing issues has continued Io be provided to a nulr~er of companies, notably Souza Cruz, U,O, a H.O, Hills (Australia) and B,A,T, ISuisse), The first quarter of 1988 includes direct support to H.0, t h.O, Hills (Australial, 9.A,T, (Hong Song), W,I, ~ ~.3, Wills (New !Plland) and B,A.T, Kenya. Research on:ue::ional Aspects of Smoking continues under contract dt;he university of Sw;hampton, Having erta~lished a sound protocol far investigating electr6cortical correlates of s~3kinq behaviour, current woric is focussing on reciprocal effects of smoking and positive and negative mood state. 6 (u?l a ~ I IU I; m~ Erslcl L:a~:r: ~~II null no: k Lord or Ildul w unlulh~.rt~ p~nonl. h: BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -22· Hort Area 702,07 Ipy lask Process innovation End Application, St:ateoic Objective To undertake processing projects for general J,A,T, Company application using the specialised facilities in the B,A,T, IU,K. ~ Export) RED Gentre, Status HYD·1 Further evaluations on ~Y3-1 (the 250;(glhr unit) have shown that the 7" x 4" duct gives evaporation and expansion results similar to those for the original 14" x 2" duct, These findings allow greater freedom in the future design of larger dryers, Steam injection has again been shown to have only a minor effect on expansion, although the results are not dircctionally consistent with the results from the 1$" x 2" duct, It has been shown that dust generation is prop' ortional to duct velocity, making:he determination of minimum velocity for acceptable expansion more important, Da;a so far suggests that expansion is not critically dependant on velocity but further worlr to confirm this is needed, HIMECTANTS The rorle on how mueh glycerol is lost in the 3AT oven test and its effect an equilibrium moisture content has now been completed, A correlation between the amount of glycerol applied and the loss in the oven test has~bc~n established thus enabling the true moisture content of the tobacco to be determined, A detailed report an the results is in preparation and will be issued in the first quarter of !988, ~i luul a ~ T ii r In: il~lm Llmtlrd TBI ma: c~l ~ Enpl~d or Ihoun 13 uaJul~h~~leC nwn~ BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 20 #ay 1999 - yj . FLOID 6t0 DRYERS York to cha:acterise the Surrpy :'luid bed dryer has shown that the tobacco bed can be :iui~ised from pre-set conditions over a wide range of tobacco bd ~eigcts, The air supplied t0:he bed needs adjustment during fluidisation due to rbaid moisture loss from the tobacco, Thr bed will self discharee ii the airflows an not adjusted, A:anbient conditions, tobacco vit~ an initial moisture content of between 14 - !9: will lose up to 1: moisture per r.f minutes, Work is continuing to lie-grade the fluid bed design for further evaluation work, A new static fluid bed dryer developed by lorftech Ltd, for the food and mineral industries has been initially evaluated for tobacco drying, fne results were promising and further evaluations will be Carried oct on a modified version of this dryer in the first half of !488, ROOUC~ION EVALUATION SYSiiYS (a) Laboratory Moisture Gavaes The auadrabe~m i,R, i~~~ratory ~a~~e ad t~e Infrared Engineering 'infrblaS' system are now being evaluated side by side, Results are highly encouraging and it is planned to transfer both gauges to the Souttlampton plant for production evaluation in '~bruary !.o88. The 'Inf ral ab' software is rr,sre flexiale and the benefits will be assessed, (b) Suooort to Technical Services, Millbanl: Only 5 moisture meters were calibrated in this half-year period, The ~1~ control system was finally delivered to Sri lanka and a faulty electronic component was subsequently replaced, rne faulty;sn~on~nt will be returned for investigation, ~ Iv!; a T ii b In~ t~~~r;lllnllr: Tall mun no: X:?71~6 O: Ilio*t:3 un~ol~.lrC pcrronl. hi BATCo document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·20- Work Rrea 702,08 KOy Task Expansi:,1 Technology, Strategic 03feCtjyP To investigate the commercial potential of novel high and Tow order expansion processes, Status York in this area has related to providing support data r"or'.he pi~ot·scdle k~EX development and to providing information to Wills Australia an C·13 expansion processing, APEX A detailed design package for a 100kglhr APEX pilot production plant, to be built at the BAT (UKbEI Corby site, has been prepared by JEE, mis package has been put to the ai;to, Board for approval, A decision on whether to proceed with the project depends on the outcome of a second go-day inhalbtian study, irials have been carried cut to confirm the advantages of APEX over 31ET and 6-13, 73~ results show a substantial increase in expansion levels Over DIET and 0-13 which lead to greater weight savings in cigarettes, The transfer of expansion agent residues from tobacco to smoke has been investigated and the residue levels in cigarettes determined, The APEX process has been patented in a number of countries includine the U,K, and V,S,X, ~. I") a h : ~ I C IhJ E ~~·~ i !,llad fb~ mull no~ k:r?::i s! Ibu n I~ unlu~ly~~~C w~ic~a 'd BA~Co document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 klay 1999 The first innalation :sxicology study has been completcC. The results show an increase in irritation vith the k~TX inclusion cictrettes, ibe reasons for the results art unclear and c;nsequP~:iy the test is being repeated in 1988. 6·13 Two collaborative pr;jlcts with Kills Australia have been completed in !987, ice first was a comparison of G·!3 and APEX processed tlbac::, Three different grades, used in i· 13 expansion by Wills, were expanded in R&D and shipped hack to Australia for evaluation in sample cigarette manufaetur~. Fill-Value results in RaD confirm previous findings that the APEX expanded grades gave significantly greater fill·value than comparable 6-13 expanded material, The second project used the R&O linear tube expander to assess the optimum level of expansion achievable on the test rig, using Freon as the expanding agent, The results are currently being evaluated and will be reported in February 1988, ii Iv~; j I: II ~ Ir l~~ni Llmll~: r:ll mul: nc: 5:nprJ ~r !ho·n I~ unlulhl~l~: xnsnl N BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ~ ·25- Work Area 702.0? Kev lask Equipment h Process Evaluation, S:r~#ci c 03 dectiv~ ~o undertake specific process End e$uipent developments and evaluations, includin~:Se manufacture of cigarettes from processed materials, St~:IS A number of projects are covered UndCI separa:e heldin~s, Dryer Evaluation (~ambro) A simple by-pass damper has been fitted to the third section of the fiuidised bed to operate the moisture control system, Tests have b·en carried out to es;a~lisn the exit moisture stability using this system, WTS taken from a silo Ito ensure a stable input moisture and feed rate) car; be dried consistently from an input moisture variability of 62,4' 0,5j::o 14,5 :1,28: dryer exit moisture, A fast acting damper has been installed and tests are proceeding to evaluate the system for drying WTS directly from the wetting cylinder from Which a high input moisture variability is expected, i· 1,1: S I T II L I:: LIWs11.*I:16 thll Eur: n01 h m3:t: a: I~S~n 13 urlul~~ltd pn001 IV BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 _· ·27· Shredded Stem Some test work has been carried out on the large Oues;er Ej~l fitted with an extra motor to increase its power rating, Once again a reasonable product was obtained with an increase in throughput from the previously reported CJOkg up to fOOLg/hr, ;his is still short of the stated capacity of I000kglhr however, On the basis of the test work carried out On this mill and coupled with the very hioh noire level it is concluded that this mill would not be an accella3ie alternative to the 3auer milt, Further work has been carried out on the aauer mill to look at two milling parameters, namely, speed of rotation and plate dp~ign, The speed of rotation did not affect the overall E3nad of particle sizes but proved to be a very sensiiive means of altering the mean particle size of the shredded stem, the new design of plates was based on the work carried out in B&W on the 52" mill. Essentially the residence time of stems in the mill was reduced by the design, The use of the new plates gave an unacceptably high amount of totally unshredded material in the output product, Steam Injection Tube Further work has been carried out on the new design HYST tube to ascertain its performance at higher tobacco thraltghpllts, It has been confirmed that 1800kglhr of CRS can be expanded in the present unit, The results suggested t~lt fill value increase would be sustained at these flow rates withthe existing steamltobac:o ratios, 50ee wor/( has also bees carried out to confirm that cut lamina can be exlanaed in this unit. ~he capacity us restricted to 600Kglhr by the existing airlock and at this flow rate, \I: IJI; 5 ~ i 'L L ,r: tl, ~;.II~ ,: Tlu mur, no: h;Oplrd or ~~~* 1 13 unluQl~le X*l BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·23· cut Ianina expansi;n of the order of 10 - 12', was consistently achieved, ~s the next 5:age of the project,;he HPST unit is at present Sei~; coupled up to the main primary lint and equi~po? with a larger airlock and a new steamltobaceo separation system. C~niirmatsry tests will be carried out at the higher flow rates, which will be available on both CRS and cut ;smina, G,I.T, Threshino Trials b major effort has been put into the processing of a large n~mSet of i~il scale lamina processing operations using i!mina tbr~saPd in a variety of styles, ~bis work forms part o:' the Znseareh programme and will be reported elsewhere, iobacco'ePd Systtcs 'ollowing trials with a Hambro air product separator modified to opera:' in a 'dump feed' mode to a maker hopper, a commercial design is being prepared prior to a factory trial, A positive pressure pneumatic conveying system incorporating a commercial venturi inlet Iwhich dispenses with the need for airlocks) is :Eing evaluated as part of a continuous maker feed system, Secendary Maker D~v~looment A Souza Cruz type ieeder has been modified to retrofit on a Roiins Mk.9 &rtbr to replace the conventional hopper feed system to the carding drum, Trials are now profr'ssrng to casare cigarettes made from Rk,~'s with the two types of hs~o~r feed, ~ lull a ~ r :~ ~a: ~~~·'; L.-lld T'II r;l: tSI k mpl~O p: Ihclrn lo un~ul~nd p~ftl rU BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 Bay 1999 __ -?9- CiParet;es made from coarse cut ialina tlZ cpi) shoved ne:irlM14SS improvement over normal cut (3'3 cpi), but hion~io~ted runnability problems, me alternative hooper feed system is to be ~xtenC~~;3 incorporate Coarse:Ut materials, ihe Sauta Zruz feeder has also been used in:onjunction with an !msa:t Plate ilowmeter to evaluate its potential as an alternative to a weigh conveyor, ihe feeder giver a more unirarm feed for cut blend and is more compact th3n a conventional weigh conveyor, HP*V·2 ihe 1050k9lhr unit (HYD-2) has beer installed and is currently being commissioned, Ini:ial nsu2ts are encouraging, Evaporation rates are proportionally better than HY~-I and corrected expansions up to 3j: have been achieved, it seems possible that a lower operating temperature is needed for the same overall 'guality' of product (con?ared with ~VO-1), but much more data is required, inert are some problems with cut lamina conditioning and with short-term fepdrate control that must be resolved before accurate evaluations can be carried ~ lur7 b i r 11 I 1·: tls~~ L:e.:rl ~~II net: no; a :npll::l thP*n !3 uSul~ll: PI1~P,I ~ BATCo document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 __ I· Work Area 702,10 Key Task Anal yti cal ?1e:336 ~SLYeJ opment Sira;egi c 03 jecti ve io deveio3 analytical methods and evaluate new equipment and practC~rPs in order to pravjde an ef~i:ient ana'y:ical service, Status Major effort was plated into the development and validation of a method for the analysis of residues of Sicamba on tobacco. Tne previously published USDA re;hod was found to be inadelurt~, both in terms of reproducibility of recoveries and If speed of analysis, Major modifications to this method were made, and validated by recovery and storage experiments, and trials on major aAi(UKbE) blends. It was ~ound:~at a mass spectrometry finish to the analysis was esseeiial for accurate ouantitation. ;ne method was emFloy"d on mt!suting all major BAT(UKbEI blonds, and will be used Tdr further projects in I988, A method ist the analysis of hydrocarbons in the sidestrele smoke of cigarettes was developed and used in exercises for a6~ an? 3~i (HrBurgj. The method is useful in that it gives dddi:ionat information when comparing brands recardins the total sidestrearr; yield of a cigarette, The capillary vapour phase scan was used:or the first time to ~~an:i~ vapour phase constituents of the mainstream snake of cigarettes with Apex expanded tabacco, useful da;a was accuired with cigarettes with various levels of Aoex inclusion, ~I lu,l8hi ~lh~.: ~I~~~ L;~:l: T::~ mri: ro:k :n,l:: o: Iha·n I, ;tlulb~~:: xlon~ c BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 __ ·31- ~uch work has gone into supporting ak:iSK~~) taint problem control, This has included bath analysis of residual to~u~ne levels In :iltcr tips and pa:~~~ing material by thermal d~s~r~;io~/g~s chro~~o~raphy~~~ss spe:tro~t~, and analysis of base boards by atomic absorption and XRF, X·rby fluorescence has shown itself to be a powerful screening tecnnipue ior measuring chalklclay content oi board and additives to board. Several cigarette spotting oroblcms have been tae~ed in this 6 month period, It is planned to collate all information about cause and analysis 31 spotting problems early in 1988. This should result in ;~idelines that Operating Companies can use for early diagnosis of such problems. ;legarding laboratory automation, there is an urgent need to improve throughput in order to be able to cope with much increased work load which is now a pera~nent feature within the laboratory Services Department, iience, an exercise is being carried out by consultants to determine the r?quire~nts of the Oepartment, Propcjals for a laboratory Information System are being prepared;:he outline proposal ~ili be submitted to Management during 'ebrua~ 1388, If the outline proposal is aeee~t~~, the target date for completion Is Sanuary 1989. ~~!; B~fllh~: Erpnl t~a! T"l nu: ~l~mprd~~3un~u~~~~~ X~~L BATCo document br Lid Senkep : Health Canada 20 May 119 j2 · Uotk Area 702.!1 K·y Tcs~ General S:ira:iiiC Support Stratecic Ohdnetive id ensure that scientific services within Operating Cocpanics are provided with the sup3or: required to maintain a high standard relevant to their company operations, Status Representation of 3Ai on International and Specialist committees has continued by the Ceetn, ~anicular emphasis has been placed on those committees when increased activity regarding channel ventilated products has been in operation, ine Centre has also played a prominent role in the various cross-checks which have resulted from the discussions of the committees, The AdditiveslMaterials Ciuidance Panel has continued to be active during the review period giving advice and recommendations on all aspects of the industry, Liaison with Operating Companies worldwide has continued on an almost daily basis with advice and recom~nendations being given on all aspects of laboratory operation and management, The results of an Inter-Laboratory Ctoss·Checi: carried out during 1987 have been analysed and reported to the participating Laboratories, Discussions of the crsss· check have taken place and as a result several changes have been incorporated into the next test, due to commence in January 1c88. These will include the use of a blended test product as well as the normal virginia style and the Etandardisb:ion of testing procedures, wherever possible, ~ luxl a h T 11 6 i.: L:l~'· ·:.nl:r: TI:r mul: MI k:opled o: Ih,4w n IJ ur~uuk~~rd Ftaonl CPI BATCo document fo! Legal Services: Health Canada 20 May 1499 - j3- using the new Standard Methods of Analysis sanuals. The results of;he eross·che:k to be carried out in January !988 will :orm the foundation of a data-base, so that in future:he results of rnter-iabontory Cross-Check tests tan be reviewed in the light of previous tests, : iv'; a ~ r Ilb lnJ ~~~nl Ilel:r~ Thn mult nbl b~ IOPL1011hOuo I~ un~utbn~:C ~apnr O BATCo document for Legal Services: Health Canada 20 Wlay 1999 __ ~___ -3C· 9ork ~te? 702.12 py Trsk Oua;ity kss~tanc~ Procedures ~;ra:Pcic 3ljeetive To ensure that Laboratory Services Oe?attaent conforms to the criteria set by same regulatory authorities by providing the necessary trained personnel, documentation and quali;y assurance systems. Status The Brand Analysis section of the Laboratory Services Department was assessed for IIP~AS Ac:redi;ation for the measurement of car, nicotine, water, puff nuber, and carbon monoxide on 4th Dec!~er, 1988, The assessors from the National Measurement ~ Accreditation Services (NAMAS), detected three minor non·compliances, (To de;;, no laboratory has achieved acereditation a: the first attempt. The average number of non-compliances Is about 20). These have now been rectified and accreditation has nor been achieved, Attention will now be turned to the expansion of NM1AS accreditatidn into other sections of the Department. tross·ehecks with major materials suppliers have continued an a reaular basis, as have Technical meetings with them, The analytical cross-check with the Laboratory of the GovemPent Chemist has continued on a n~nthly basis in order to compare not only with them, but via the Tar, Nic3tine and Carbon Monoxide Working Group of the Tobacco Advisory Council, with other tobacco companies in the UK, li~i a I ' ii I; ~r: i~an:l Llmlr: T~III mull nol br :oplrJ p~ Ihoul ~~ un~ult~n#d ~non~ O BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 WORK AREA: 703 APPLIED RESEARCH b OEYELOPSENT (aEcIF~c) ~ ivsl8 T ii L In: II~'"'l.~-llre ~$II mug not k Eoptd o! Ihoun ~o uP14ned p~~on~. U1 BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·35- Work Are! 703,01 ~ev Tasl Product S!vela~mcn: for aAf ('Ji(aE) Stratecie Objective io develop products and provide technical support to meet existing and future 3AT (UKbE; neats, Status Project CKfNr3k~ CALfNOAR is the development ci a modified virginia product with Actron Plus filter technology, laq&i *n uu'i:lr~ Ini niil;ld iol T~ld OfCr Test and it Has c3niirmed that the delivery targets with primary ventilation blocked were met, Initial feedback from ICT suggests that the CALENDAR product is being received favourably; detailed results are expected at the end of January 1988 and commercial manufacture is scheduled to commence in:he fourth puarter of 1988, Project GINGER This is an uitrr·low tar jjmg) iin~-sia product positioned in the low price segmat, ~ 1,": S 1 ii I Ih: ilplE I Linl:r: T:ll r:l: not ~:npl~::: Inaun w u'lu~h~:.rrC X~onl O~ BAfCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 .;i. The development explored a range of blend and filter combinations, One of the filters evaluated was the:ittrpna iPF filter which was identified on a key competitive product in the market, Evaluation of:his filter against conventional high pressure drop cellulose acetate filters revealed no sensory benefit from its use, The final specification agreed for launch used a specially developed modified virginia blend, conventional acetate filter and a fast-turn heavy weight cigarette paper in combination with a high level of filter ventilation, Project SUSPENSE Although SUSPENSE was originally identified as a reserve development of an ultra-low;ar (d~ng~ king sire product, the project has been re·ass~~ned '~igh priority', A wide range of blend and fitter Potions have been explored, The blend style ranged from a lightly modified Virginia style to a considerably more heavily modified type (tALENDAR- style), Filter options explored comprised: (a) standard cellulose acetc:e 160 - 105mm WG) (b) 'iltrona CPF (c) iiltrona Bonus Gavity (di Filtrona Dual palerlaceute with sodium carbonate applied to the paper 'i' section (e) EH Dual Filter designed and developed by BAT (Han~urq) and manufactured by'iltnna (~ermdny), ~I lu~l a h T ii L Ihl ~*161Llpll~: Thll ~nun Mr k cnplrl c: Ihoun W unlulh~nl~C praPa BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 I ·;7- A ranse of biendlfil:er codin~:ianr have been manufactured and analysed, anC sensory evaluation is in progress, A final selection of product Hill :· made early in !998, leading to a conSur~r test scheduled in the first quarter of 1988, Subject to a satisfactory Consumer test result, product launch is scheduled for Autumn !9SB, Prolec:J~il The SAIL obj4ctive is to compare the physical and chemical characteristics of core blends expanded by the CorSy XT process with core blends generated from;be same tobaccos by competitive processes and evaluate the product performance of cigarettes containing those tobaccos at various inclusion levels, All analyses have now been completed (incruding sensory assessment of the products) and tho project will be reported in full during the first quarter of 1988, Project OEC~E The objective of OECAME is Co determine the effects of 2: diethyl citrate (OECI as a filter additive on smoke deliveries and sensory characteristics of Middle East products, Since DiC is slightly acidic, 3~1 have found this material useful in meeting Middle East delivery limits (r2mg tar, 0,8n;g nicotine) without the necessity to adjust blend recipes, Hitnout DEC, products modified to meet O,8mj nicotine deliver well under rang tar, ;iich OEG, products can be created which still meet the nicotine requirement but offer the full 12mg tar and thus maximise flavour potential, ~ lurl a ~ T II i lo~ i~~psllln::r: T~ll null to: ~e ~opl~~ o: ~ha*n 13 uil~u(hl~l~C *7001 c~s BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 filter rods have been n;ade containing 2: OZZ (pius normal level oftriac!tinj and cigarettes ~n~~ac:ured with this filter and a conventional control, These cigarettes are currently being analysed. AritlyticaT ernocoiogy to measure OEC on filters is in place but ~;P approval for sensory testing of the products is awaited, Project MISSILE MISSILE is the development of ultra-slim products for two different m~rtc~s, reeuiring different product specificati3ns. Attention has been directed towards examining the merits of using Whole blends (r;3rmai complement of stem) or iamic!- only blends, Frcrr, a manufacturing stana3dint, the use of lamina-only blends improved product uniformity and reduce~ sensitivity to weight changes at the circumference agreed for this project, At a slightly larger circumference, both types of blend have been run satisfactorily, although the whole blend contained very finely cut stem, Further activity has centred on evaluating the effects of cigarette design features on product petior~nce at low circumference, On the basis of this, blend and cigarette design parameters are now being selected to achieve the delivery and sensory attributes required. Project TANGiRINE TANGERINE is the development of menthol virginia products, A project proposal has been agreed for the 1933 development of these products, 5 Ivul 8.~ T IC h I:: tl~.'. L.rilc: Thll 1·:1: 60: ~~ IO~lti:: IIISun 13 Uf~;:.~h~~l:C ~C~3EL C~ BAfCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·3~- CioatPtte Paper Soecifieations In an at:emo: to ralioaclise:he Ilty wid~ range of cigarette paper specifications ~llinse which BAT (UK&EJ Purchasing O~patt~nt buy an b~n~if of Operating torqar,irr, a reduce? list of specifications (jlsed on woodpulp furnish] has been drawn up in conjunction lith Purchasing and Laboratory Services Departments, These specifications an being described in detailed tere; (tar3pt parameters and acceptable range) and discussed ii:~ major suppliers prior cc manufacture and evaluation, ~ lu~; a T ~ L h I:; El~m I Ilmclc~ thl~ mun no: M m~l~p or Gla*.:3 unlul~tld ~noa C BATCo document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 lay 1999 -sO- Work Area 303.G2/3i107/39 Key Task Brand Analysis and Materials jesting far Operating C33injDS including BAT(UKBE~ and Purchasing I~?artm~fit Strategic Objective lo provide an efficient analytical testing service to a~T(UX~EI and the Operating Companies, Status The regular testing of aAT(UK&EI Own, competition and development products has continued, as has the daily testing of iarjy samples. Again many of tne development prcj~::s have been of an urgent nature. Analytical support has been provided in a number of areas for the aAT(UKhE] factories to overcome production difficulties, Analyses of tre!l tobacco samles have been conducted for aC;(UKh:J leaf Department to check the Crop for nicotine, sugars and chloride. Gnalyses and analytical cross·~hecks for Operating iompanies including Zimbabwe, Switzerland, Malaysia, Brazil, Trinidad, Cyprus, Sierra ieone, Cameroons and Zaire have Seen conducted. Urgent, major exercises relating to slim cigarettes have been carried out for a8W and Germany and workrelating to the patenting of such products has also been performed. Analytical i nvestiga;ions relating :3 the International Smoking Methodology of channel ventilated cigarettes has been carried out in support of our products worldwide, Materials Testing of outturn sam3les for purchasing 3epar:mBnt has continued on a regular basis as has that for j;T(UKaE), liaison with the j~T(UK~EJ factories and Suppliers regarding materials related production pt~ainms hcs :sn~inued on a regular basis. Involvement with :~e O ~a:3rials SpeCification/Wastage Working Party has actively ~ lurl a ~ r II L ~·: tl~'l Llmll~~ Tbl mua not C mpad or ~aFu?:~ unlutti~~l~C pmcnl P BATCo document for Legal Se~vices : Health Canada 20 May 1999 ·?i- continued and reco;;;bendaticns on changes to cigarette papa specifications I~! near com3letion (sep 70!,011, The regular testing of materials for some Operating Companies e,g, iosra Ijca has continued and materials investigations have beon performed for others e.g, South Africa, ~ ,.~I a A T ~I L in,' t1h"61 Llmi:l! f:ll E;1: hOl k eop~? Or Ihoun w jJlulL~lc: pJon~ 5~ BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 Yay 1999 I_ _ _ -s2· Work Are? 703,0$ Icy lask iechnicbl In~~;~igati~~s on 3e:!:f of SIT(UbPI), Strztsoic O~jretive lo undertake specific ~lr~ on el:~inery and processes as requ~st~d and defined ~ j~;.~Kbil, Status BATIUKbE) S:" ST~OY York complett~ in 1981 included :hD physical and th~E~:al evaluation of inc3rning raw st~~ ;rades, This provides the infomti3n necessary for tse Stem Blend prediction model, used by leaf Delartment 3~~ LUKIE) for determining the composition of stem blends in the two factories in order to ensure maintenance of ~:~imum fill-value, ~~t~ have been several chanlles in the method of st~m evaluation within RiO in the la::er stages of !967, ;h~ Bowen sieve t~at was used to fr?:tionate stem grabss hrs been replaced by a Car~~ll sieve and the new RIG Pri~~ is now used:; carry out all s:!~ processing trials, iYALUATiON Oi CASING HlxlURES In !997 Ifv2:;;~l encountered Dr;:ic~ in Essessing losses irom:he pipe ~obacco ~nulac:ur3 line due to variable lasses in casings during the aAi:ven test. Work in Rb3 o~antificd the losses of casinos Irom the four different tobacco branCs and showed that, :e3ending on the type ~e3 level of casing applied, the losses during the oven tesl vary widely, ~bD provided liver;:sl and Yoking with loss factors for et:~ 31 the four br~::j which accurately account for ta! casings lost for each brand during m~i;:~re determination, ~~ II; II L r: i,,, Leu: r'~ r~:Il k ~Ld o: pe·' ~ ~YI~~K( eRB BATCo document for legal Sinks : Health Canada 20 Yy lgg4 __ Work Area 703,05 Key Task ie'hnicai Sllplort to Operating C~3~G~DS With Established 1:1 Lints (~cluding 6Ai (UY,&E)). Strat~Pi: Objective To provide Operating Companies with product technology expertise as necessary to met: exis;ing anC projected Company needs, Status The Operating Companies wi:h who& close wotlting lints have been iorm~l: Eursle: Switzerland, 'inland, Cigar Group Far ~a;t: indonesia, nalaysil, 2onS Kpng, Singapore Africa: Cameroon, Kenya, Malawi, Aauritius, Nigeria, South Africa, ZairP, Z~m~abwe tocether with Cyprus and New Zea~dnd have continued to receive active technical support when rec;lired, Some examples of this support are cited below: i. A conrribu;ion has been made to the preparation for launch of a new furt·ftavour product plus a nen:hoi version (Cameroon), 2, An experimental programme investigating the effect of product modifications to a major brand has been initiated. A second major hrand, with reduced levels of imported tobacco, has be~e evaluated and found satisfactory with respect to current product (Zairs), ~ lur) 5 ~ T II i; L?. 11>':1 1181:e: T$1l mull no~ a tnplc! s: lh31·:2 Y~~Y(~LIIII: PlkMI ~P BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 3, Ihe aa3raijal 3i:he elmr~r~ial viability of clove· Containing products has been reported, Discussians on the st:lttFi: issues involved have taken place and have been reported back to the Com)any iIndonesia), a, ASP approval for the use of locally poduced adhesives has been given; further local adhesives are under review by the panel j?lalayria), 5, the development of improved pack aroma of a key local product has been initiated. Competitor product profiles ne~c;; be evaluated to provide guidance to the direction ant decree of modification required, A range of modified menthol flavours have also been developed for comparison with competitor products (90ng Kong), 6, A proposal has been submitted for studies aimed at improvements in smoking puallty of local brands, fhis covers treatment of local tobaccos and exploration of the effects of cigarette design factors on deliveries and sensory attributes (Maurilius), 7, Modifications to the packaging of local brands has resulted in siS3i?icant cost savings, Further cost saving packbgine nodificatfons are being evaluated and win be in;:~3uced in !988 (Zi&~abwe), 8, A ful~-fldvour blended product to compete against Marlboro has been developed and consumer test results are anticipated in January r988, Work has continued on a major brand iamiiy with the development of perceived s;ronpsr versions in anticipation of lower delivery limits in the future j:inland), BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -~5· p~ A slim filter cigar has been launched in Eir! and is in test market in Elorway I;lint·rmans), !O, An all air·cund ci2ar?tte carrying a top-dressing flavour is in course of dPvelc3~F~nt (Ni~eria), Iv!l B ~ t ii C ~~! C~~I~,1:mllr~ TT:I FIUI: ID: k:ttl(~ b: ]hFun 1~ U31111N11rd PMOIII. BATCo document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 Wort Area 70!l06 Key Task Technical Supaort to Operating Companies Excluding adl (Ul(~iJ and the Established I:I Co;npanies. Stra:ssic Objective (i) To develop better liaison with Operating Companies, (ji) To Support them with product t~:hn:;iagy as necessary to meet eKi5tin9 and projected coml'ny and consumer needs, Status Technology transfer proceeds through two routes: 1) Coqany Seminars, Courses and Audits, organised by, or with input from, RbD staff. 2) Project work and product advice pr:vidcd by the Rb0 ientre, In terms of i, the half·year has again ?~~n an extremely active one, involving: (a) Two Product and Process Technology leminars held in Mdnagud, #icaragua and attended by ~!i!gaCes from II countries - ~i~atdgua, iuate~aid, i; Salvador, Honduras, Costa Pica, Panama, Ycne:~eia, Guyana, Chile, Argentina and Trinidad, (b) A Carbon Seminar held in Caracas, Yrneiuela, Ic) Follow-up an earlier Product Audits in Suatemala, El Salvador and Costa Pica, ~ ~i!) a : II i~ m: t~pl611:e.:r: rhll E~I: no: b( IOpll:~: lh~u1;3 ur,~ulNI~: yaorl. 1 4 BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 __ __ ·~7· (d) Cont:ihulions to the ~hclwood Toba:co aSP course EnC to :nt 3rand OevrlOpment course organised by narr~;ing and a?!d at Woking in Surrey. in terms of 2, the following provide examples of advice given: ia) Evaluation of a pseudo-blended product and advice concerning suggested modifications iIndia). Ib) Evalsltion of current blends and tobaccos for Class A products. Product designs to achieve Middle East delivery constraints for a proposed export product jPaki;tan), (cl Advice on measures to overcome (i) infestation problems due to cockroaches and (iij fungal growth on filters (~ana~ Islands). (d) Oetailed analysis of two major products, coupled with recommendations for experimentation ai~d at product improvement jUganda), ie) Several cost-saving measures, including use of local sugar (approved) and local alcohol (being considlr!~) and suooly of an alternative flavour (under local evaluation), Additionally, local stems are in 5outhampton for evaluation with a vi~ to product irprovement through process modifications (Sierra leonei, (i) Nine samples of granular carbon have been evaluated in terms of their physical and chemi;al properties and compared with activated carbon used in;urrent products (Ycn!:~ela), I~~ a ~: I; h F: jFC: L~n: ~~! n~: na k mp~d Ol ~pun w ~wr~~d p~o~ BATCo doeplent for Legal Ilnkes : Hl~t~ Canada 10 Tty 14ge ·:S· The two·day carbon Seainar held in Yene~uela was i;iiowc~ by detailed local discussions, A sp~:iiication has been proposed to cover the present and future supply 3i activate". carbon and a nurber of tests have been initiat~d:o ~snit:r guality, Sensory testing procedures ~3r this work have been reviewed and ap?roprid;r m4ibodjls;y is now 32'aS used, ,.~: a ~ T ; i 11: Elr'~ Llmllr: Iln I·I: ~p: tr rn~l:::: Ihaxn II ~:~.:~u·ld pn~ti BATCo document for Legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999 -$9- Yark Area 70?.05 I[ev lask Support for lato:alary Services within Operating Cot3anies, S::aacic Objective rb ensure that laloratory services within Operating Companies are provided with the support required to maintain a high standard relevant to their C~m~any operations, Status There has been no activity in this York Area during the period of this review, Because of pressure :f work from ~:he: sources, the visits to overseas laSor?llries planned for the audit System have not taken place, No Operating Compl?y personnel have been received into A&O for training, Althou~h several other companies have expressed Interest in the investigation of odorous emissions from primary processing, this ~as not resulted in the involvement of ae~o, ; li~t a ~' ; h 1..:I~." L~mllr: i::I 611: hf: N ;opl~::· I~Dun i. ic~E!t~:leC p~noel BATCo document for legal Services: Health Canada 20 May 1999 Work Area 703,10 Kev Task ilavollr ~~velop~nr 6 v,anuiat:ure, Strate~ie Objac:ive io fornutat~, manufac:~r~ and suloly :lavours in or~!r to ~ve C~rat~np Conw~~l dittinc: podub ~vaotag~l :n t~fir ~2rterS. Status Fiavoor formulation wort is driven by the la~ketpiac~ needs 01 Sperating Coq~nies, The following examples are illustrative of recent activities (togtther with cr~~s· r~:erenc~s to preceding sections of these Status Review Nc;~s) : 1~ Four types of modified menthol (gfnger/lcmon, ehoc31 az!lvan ~la, pcpoermi ntlchacol atrlvanilla and spoa~int) have been su3plieb to Australia, 2, 1 range of flavourr were developed for Project C~I~BDX~ (703,01) from which one has been selected for consumer trials, 3, A nu~cr of OE~A~H variants have been developed to i~pr3ve the pack aroma of a major Hoag Konp brand (703,05), 4, New :lavour development for an Indian local blend designed to move smoking characteristics towards 0,3, blended style (703,06), ~ Ic;B~r iL~;i~~e·L~~~T~lm~: nc*~~~rl~·lw~~u~aw: pnp~ BATCo document for Legal Servlcsa : Health Canada 20 Hay 1999 ·51· Devs::scnl 3'; i;aYOUrl ~?Si~ned to inorsve the slr,!:inE puali:y sf orc:~srad low ouali:y Ylaiaysian fjll~':3r?? t!:I::35 · now in co"suaot test (702.00), 6, Cnl;;?n of a c:e concentrated version of an exis:ing :lav:~r, wni:~ offers dc:y savings to Sierra Leone In addi~':~, an array of fl!u3urs were selected andlor develcoPC ist ptear:?:ion a; the GeatraljSouth krican Seminars ia Hi:ltcF;~ (i0?,5i) wlidh demonstrated to delegate;:~e eiie::j of il~rc~rs on menthol and non- menthol products, Ouring the period u~:nr review, a nore rigorous Flavour Quality C;e:~ol sys:~r has been implemented, This procedure takes in~sing in~rt5ients tcrough a stringent series 3f pbysical !nd ehem!:rl checks :e ensure purity and continuity of CualiB with resjer: to preceding batches, Ingredients are not used in bafi~i!cture unless all tests are satisfactory, b similar'y rigorous series of standards are applied to finished il~vours ~r~sr to despatch, A computer database has been ~r!ateri to nold the necessary records, Flavour:r:iU;:i36 :I:nover for the six months ending December 1!37 was 1~: up on the e3treso3nbing period in 1385. iilr i3tai t~r:sv~r ~lr !987 was iO: up on 1986, The consirerabe increase was due to ~najor supplies to H6ng KonS, Yenuuti~ and Gua:emala, in addition, one new flavour lias manufactured for the first tin for Cameroon (see 3 a's~v~l and nek fiavours developed in !986 for Cameroon a.: Sierra Leone increased significantly in vol ume. e lull B T II: b ,r: i~~r :·'::: TI:I -.:: i:: x :c::::::lanrn la olu:~·lrC ~RMI BATCo document for legal Services : Health Canada 20 May 1999