BRM 79/3
SRE/PSB/46D-2 8th March, 1978
SAMPLES FOR INHALATION EXPERIMENT
ON VARIOUS FILTERS
Following the circulation of document 296/19, the
proposal
for this experiment was accepted at the last
Biological
Research Meeting. The filters have been
manufactured by
Baumgartner and assessed in G.R. & D.C. The
results are
summarised in Tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1
Assessment of Experimental Filters
Granule "M" Section
"T" Section (Length Cellulose
Sample No. Paper 6 mm) Acetate
and Filter Pressure Pressure
Description Length !)rop, Weight Length Drop
(nvn) (mm WG) (g) (mm) -(mm WG)
1. Control
Dual 10 37 10 43
Filter
2. Carbon
ex 7 38 100 7 21
SEL-X4
3. SEL-X4 7 39 108 7 21
4. Duolite 7 33 65 7 19
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TABLE 2
Smoke Analvsis
TPM Total Volatile Aldehydes
Delivery Filtration Delivery Filtration
(mg/cig) Efficiency (mg/cig) Efficiency
M M
1 18.8 63.5 1.65 0
2 22.9 55 0.76 51
3 22.7 55 0.93 41
4 23.4 54.5 1.20 24
From this assessment it is apparent that:
(1) The TPM deliveries from the three samples are
closely
matched as are the -filtration efficiencies of the
triple filters, despite some variation in the
pressure
drop values of the "T" section.
(2) In contrast the TPM delivery of the control is
low and
the FE is high compared with those of the samples
being
compared.
(3) The filtration of total volatile adlehydes are
as
predicted for all samples with the exception of
that
containing Duolite. The low FE Eor this sample is,
to
a considerable extent, a result of the low weight
of CD
granules incorporated into the filter bed. C=>
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Comments
Since TPM appears to be a major contributor to the
indices
of irritation assessed in short-term inhalation
studies, it is
very important that the TPM delivery of the
control cigarette
should closely match that of the filter samples.
For this
reason samples of the control filter will be
adjusted by
reducing the pressure drop of the 'T' section by
(a) 5 mm.
and (b) 10 mm; the closest match will be used.
It is also obvious, despite the good match
in'term.6 of
TPM, that the Duolite filter requires
modification. It should
be pointed out, however, that Baumgartner have
relatively
recently changed their manufacturing techniques
for triple
filters. Essentially this means that the bed is
now filled on
a volume basis and not by weight. Since the bulk
density of
Duolite is appreciably lower than that of carbon
this implies
that the design of the Duolite filter has to be
changed.
Baumgartner offer a 6-8-6 mm filter combination
and calculation
suggests that this would permit the inclusion of
about 90 mg
of Duolite.
It should be noted that this solutio'n carries
with it the
implication that the Dualite filter will have a
different
configuration from that of the other samples. Use
of a
similar configuration (i.e. 6-8-6 mm) for the
carbon and
SEL-X4 samples would not improve the situation
since the
"fill" would then be different for these samples.
It would
be undesirable to use the carbon and SEL-X4 with a
low "fill".
On balance it appears preferable to accept the
difference in
configuration so that the objective of examining
equal weights
of the three types of granules (at constant TPM)
can be maintained.
In practice, however, this change is bound to
delay the experiment
--since we have to recognise the possibility that
the change may
introduce a znis-match in terms of TPM deliveries.
This point is CD
emphasised since, in the current samples, it has
been noted that1*1.0
1-0
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the pressure drop of the Duolite bed is IS mm
compared with
7 um for the charcoal and SEL-X4 beds.
C=>
C:)
%-0
%-0
(-n
0 \
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Burn length and butt length Lokstedt
Circumference Harrogate
Strand width/particle size Battelle, Harrogate
Paper porosity Harrogate
&4 sture content Lokstedt
This leaves packing density and vented paper. It
may be possible to
"guess" the effect of packing density from an
overall consideration of the
long-term test results, since differences in
packing density must be involved.
Similarly, the effect of vented paper micht be
"guessed" fromIthe study of tle
effects of puff volume. Thus, further work on
cigarette parameters would not
seem to carry a high priority.
Smokinq narameters
If marked changes in activity can be obtained by
altering the smoking
parametersp then it might be possible todesign a
cigarette which precluded
the possibUity of a human smoker using an
"adverse" smoking regime.
The smoking parameters under examination are:
Puff volume Battelle and Harrogate
Puffing frequency Battelle
One possibility is to split the puff volume into
the components of
"duration" and'Velocity" to understand the present
result. It is doubtful
if this is really worthwhile at present. It might
be worthwhile, however, t
give some thought to a reverse procedure i.e.
design a cigarette which pre-
cluded certain smoking parameters (as yet
unspecified!) and then test whether
it led to my change in mouse-skin response.
Tobacco tvDe
Harrogate has demonstrated that the condensates
from different types
of tobacco have different activities. Are there
types of tobacco which are
of particular interest to B-A.T. which should be
examined?
From Experiment B49 we have the indication that a
high level of stem
leads to a reduced activity. It might be
worthwhile to extend the examination
to other types of stem - perhaps this could be
amalgamated with an examination
ON
of W.T.S. rQ
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