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RRB/PMW A] IU 7
SUMMARY OF PRESENTATION BY GIO GORI:
"THE SCIENTIFIC IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE
OF CIGARETTE DEMAND"
12.06.86
Gio Gori has conducted studies on smokers taken
off the street
smoking their own brands and has measured plasma
nicotine levels.
Taking each sample from all tar and nicotine bands
he has found
a steady state plasma nicotine content of I mg
nicotine
This is independent of cigarette and tar yield.
From this and other studies he concludes that
smokers are driven by nicotine
and their intake is relatively uniform
tar intake is dependent upon the tar/nicotine
ratio
tar/nicotine measured by FTC machine smoking is
approximately
representative of the ratio experienced by
smokers.
Implications of the above:
He predicts future trends in product development
will be
towards low tar/nicotine ratios in two forms
(i) conventional cigarettes
(ii) novel aerosol delivery systems
- alternate nicotine delivery systems ("ANDS")
(i) Conventional cigarettes
Ways of achieving low tar/nicotine ratios include
fortifying leaf with nicotine
synthetic nicotine (without contamination effects)
modifying tobacco leaf
removing leaf precursers of tar or using other
cellulosic material
Gori believes nicotine is the key to our products.
Future development could include new filters which
remove
less nicotine, and the use of reconstituted sheet.
(ii) ANDS
These must deliver about 100-200 micrograms per
puff.
He concludes that FAVOR has no real future because
it is
based on the vapourisation of nicotine and this
would
deliver too weak a level for smokers. We need to
achieve
aerosol systems with low irritation, rapid
transfer, CN
appropriate particle size, pH buffer capacity that
will
get to the correct receptors in the upper airways.
From
a marketing point of view, they must be of
convenient size
and of a design that would allow repeat
sale-ability.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 4
November 1999


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All this implies that nicotine is our ultimate
product. People
must regard nicotine as an ideal "coping"
substance.
Comparing a few common drugs :
alcohol: the disadvantages of alcohol are that it
can be
socially disruptive and can kill others as well
as ourselves.
caffeine: this controls only certain aspects of
mood;
it can only lift.
nicotine: can either boost people, or calm them
down.
It has a short half life in the body (2 hours).
It is a unique drug and provides the user with
immediate help, which no other drug can.
It is not associated with any adverse ill effects.
Although very high doses can kill, in smoke it
provides its own safety valve.
It is a "coping" aid needed by a proportion of the
population. We must reduce the amount of tar
associated with nicotine; we need to do research
on the safety of nicotine and convince the public
of its safety and desirability.
Other Topics
Can we modify tar?
Gori considers it unlikely that we can make more
than about 20%
difference to the biological activity of tar
(mouse skin painting
test). We might be able to modify tar retention
characteristics.
Interest in tar quality would decline if we reduce
tar/nicotine
ratios.
Low sidestream products and low ignition
propensity cigarettes
Reduction of tar precursers in leaf would
contribute to these two
Oroduct concepts.
Summary of Gori's views
Immediate, medium term research should aim at low
tar/nicotine
smoke through reconstituted sheet and modification
to leaf.
Long term research should concentrate on ANDS,
research into
nicotine safety, chemosensory research and study
of market
implications.
General discussion
Points arising
Nicotine alone in smoke will never be required. It
is too
irritating and we need something with it. The
ultimate product
probably won't burn, although it could have a heat
source.
It may deliver 10-15 substances, including
nicotine, in a carrier
gas.
RB/PMW
13.06.86
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BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 4
November 1999