Cof
Group Research & Development
Research Policy
A. L. Heard
Strategic Approach to Integrati.on of Group R&D
resources
In.order that the R&D function within the Group
serves Group needs
effectively the following goals are agreed:
1. Basic research or applied research/ development
proj ects will
relave-t-tv- as--ag-reed act- *f- bwei-%ness-
objectives'.
2.. :These projiats are being 'ce n'tred an
'taborator'-ies'hav-ing. the
relevant special expertise thus avoiding duplicati
01,
':6I:sev;fier_e.
3. Progress reports and final results of these
projects, subject
to certain confidentiality restrictions, will be
easily
accessible by those in the Group needing
information.
The strategy being developed to attain these goals
is three-fold'.
Firstly, we have agreed at the Research Conference
a set' of
R~q~&;zh o.bje!;tives -We"ar.e..%Low.concen
t"~Ping integ.rating the
R&D c'entres (five CAC 'pl,~. BATU12- R&D)' to
ensurpintha"t ift
activities which they undertake of Group relevance
are
identifiable (conversely to ensure that if they
have a particular
expertise it is available for the Group). The
second stage, still
concentrating on the six R&D centres, will be to
broaden this
systematic coverage to embrace all projects
including those
classed as of local interest (and generally much
more 'down to
earth' or short-t:rmvincuature ) since inevitably,
some classed as
Iocal.ili have r le an e to other companies.
The third stage will be to broaden the system
still further such
that all BATCo Operating Company projects or
technical needs are
identified, particularly in the area of product
development/Lanovation or analytical/physical
measurements, and
that areas of overlap or poor awareness of
technology, are traced.
So far, we have moved principally over the first
stage, but the
second should follow during 1986. The basis for
the third stage
should be laid during 1986 and could begin to be
implemented
during 1987. In. the interim the existing links
between BATUKF R&D
and BATCo companies which are constantly being
strengthened,
should ensure a measure of technology flow.
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


Organisation of Group RSD
Following the decision to decentralise R&D,
arrangements are well
in hand for th7e-trgns-fer of CI&DC to 3AT7KE.
This vill' take
-effect from Isc. Januar7 1986, by v hich time
7.5% of the planned
staff reduction will have occurred. The level of
fundamental
reseapch at Aoxk;hampton iill have _fAll ly.Z0Z.to
.~gn Irom.' 4pproxizate
approxima*tely 40% of the t'otal effo-rt, which-
itself is in.the
process of reducing from 284 to 166 staff.
we expect the level of direct involvement of
BATUKT- with the R&D
.1 acility - tQ.. rime. as thay bacQma
incraiLaingly aware.. of.. the.- _~. . . : .
potential of this resource, but this will be a
gradual process.
The oth 'er majo.-r clients of the. Laboratory.
ara the BATCo cam-panies
who at pres .ent are having to be reassured that
the unit exists and,
'increasingly. vill. -serve- their newds-. ~
CAC.-comat-ries -have agreed to---
support B-ATUKE R&D laboratory until mid-1987, by.
which -time
redundancies will be complete. Thereafter it is
improbable that
B&W or BATCF will contribute.
Whilst a reassessment of the projects at GRSDC by
both the CAC
Tobacco Chairmen and their R&D Directors led to
the abandonment of
some activities,-- the majority of the research
areas eliminated
were cons-idered* to be capable of beiug-betcer
managed on behalf. of
the Group by the individual CAC laboratories The
following gives
a 'broa(r* 'ptctn-re- of"the 'ceitres- of-
eitperttsd-withIM tldff- Grb~uo'R&D'~*-
centres:-
Leaf (chemistry, physics, biology, agronomy)
- Brazil, USA
Tobacco Processing (improvements in quality or
costs)
-USA, Germany, Brazil, Australia
Smoke (chemistry, physics, biology)
-UK, Germany
Consumer Issues (behaviour, preference testing,
pharmacology)
-Canada, USA, UK
Innovative Product Development
-USA, Germany (inc. biotechnology), UK
At this stage it would be an over simplification
to say that there
is complete agreement on the new decentralised
approach to R&D,
but there is an increasing realisation that GR&DC
had outlived its
usefulness, and with this realisation has come an
increasing
preparedness of the directors of the R&D centres
to work as a
team. Hitherto they had been rather independent in
setting their
C)
rQ
C)
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


~rogzammes and in reporting their findings. A
signifizamt factor
n :h;-s mo~ye towards an incegracion o~ R&D
resources within the
Group has been a series of meetings, culminating
in the Research
Conference during w-hich a common "t of Research
Objecti.vas have
been established for our Gromp:--wi.de
ac-tivities. These were .
derived from a Raciouale for Research which was
developed within
BATCo. Both this Rationale and the Research
Objective-s are based
on the purpose of our research in terms of the
-business rather
then. on- specific --technotagieskechnica:1,
subjecvr,6-
Rationale for Research
Since its inception, Central R&D has had the
responsibility of
eiploting 'the ton In addlitIon -to the role
of seeking products.. and _prjoceVseq ybich.
improve the Co2pauy's
--amo irnd beal th
Competitive perfarinance. .4s'regards: the. king.
q.~%!estiou.,. it is app:r~ut that a -fter more
than.25 years of studying...
smoke and- u:sing. V''ar ous
bio'~?'g'i.cai.JoA_e1s.' ias4id'.dn.-au:U-Aals to
reflect biological activity, no clear answers
'have emerged from
the research conducted in our own laboratories.
Consequently, it
v -oas idered appropriate to re-define the role of
internal R&D,
t:sre'-evaluate the distribution of resources and
facilities
between internal and external research and to set
a new course for
Group R&D in the future.
The new rationale for R&D re-cognises the r
wo-separace targets,
b
...identifiad a ovq~_, but~.,makes mac# clearer.
_dis.ti.aS:tiqjd between...
their purpose and also between work to be carried
out in-house a .nd
that done, more appropriately, externally. The two
arms of R&D
are thus Product Research (-internal-) and Smoking
and aealth
('exterual").
Projects in the Product Research category are
designed principally
to anticipate and meet either: consumer demand, or
requirements of
regulatory authorities. Those in the Smoking and
Health category
are selected either to investigate claims against
the product or
to pursue other lines of research which may
provide better
information about whether or not there is in fact
any relationship
between smoking or smoke components and particular
forms of ill
health.
Grouu Research Objectives for Product Research
Stemming from this Rationale, a series of Research
Objectives for
the Group have been agreed with the CAC countries
as follows:-
C)
(Z)
U1
(-n
N)
CD
Url
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


Response to Consumer Demand
Sublieccive Smoke Improvement:
To have the technology to enable Group Companies
to
achieve supertority o"r leading campecitive brands
&nA.
to be able to maintain smoke quality whilsc
responding
to other probable restrictions. This will include
the
-need for reliable me-thods of measuring consumer
(ii) Subjective Cigarette Physical Parameters:
To identify-consumer standards for performance and
to be
i*-atbI'e-re-rhese`bot* efficiently Ind`
con'sist-dutly
Whils.t res.pouding to. other probab.le
restrictions.
(iii)..Pontrol of Smoke Levels/Smoke Compn.~.n.;$
i.n.. Bo t h
Mai'n's treim' _Si-d`e'.tre'am':.'
To ensure that the Group is technologically
prepared to
adapt products to respond to consumer requirements
with
respect to smoke levels and constituents without
impairment of consumer acceptance in other
respects.'
(iv) Cost Reduction.:
-To..I&ve :the.-. X.i4c.b.po.l.ogi cal.
capa~rility of beIA49 thq, Lave4t
cost producer for corresponding styles of products
in
Group markets whilst maLatainimg quality
standards.
(v) Social Aspects:
To develop products which will reduce the social
concern
for smoking through modifications which are aimed
at
alleviation of 'nuisance' aspects.
(vi) Yovelty/Distinctiveness:
To develop technology which enables the Group to
introduce new products appropriate to identified
market
segments. -
(vii) alternative Products:
To position the Group with appropriate technology
in the
event that alteruati~e produc=s to conventional
cigarettes either become a significant threat to
our
business or constitute an appropriate divers if
icacion.
(viii) Tobacco Agrotechnology:
To have the technology to allow maintenance and/or
improvement of both tobacco quality and
productivity in
order to meet the needs of the leaf market and
thereby C)
the ultimate needs of the consumer.
C)
CI\
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 1
November 1999


Response to Regulatory Authorities
i Control of Principal Smok2 Deliveries in 3oth
Mainstream
and Sidestream:
-To ensu're that the Group is technolo~gicaI17
prepared to
adapt p-coducts to meet standards imposed on the .
.ind.ustry, without impairment of consumer
acceptance.'
(ii) -Control of.Miaor Smoke Components ia Both
Mainstream and
Sidestream:
To ensure that the Group is technologically,
prepared to
adap-t -producta to,. awat.- &tanAards -Inpe"d.
an. the
industry, without impairment of consumer
acceptance.-
(iii) Parforzaace Against Biological, Tar'Quallty
or Compoisite
For those indices which have a high probability of
being
introduced, to acquire the technology to permit
Group
products to be optimally positione4. '
(iv) Legislative/Administrative Standards for New
or Modified
Materials or Processes:
To be aware of. All legisl;tive/administrative
standards
pTesent, ~r ftlopose'd fttnre'Groiap~'
products/processes and to ensure chat technology,
exists
to enable these standards to be achieved.
Smoking and Health Research Strategy
In parallel with the search for common Research
Objectives for our
Product Research, we have sought to establish a
coherent approach
throughout the Group towards the teebaical aspects
of Smoking &
Health issues iacluding the external placement of
research. The
key objectives are:-
To determine the effects of smoking, if any, on
the
smoker.
To critically review all papers which claim to
associate
smoking and individual smoke components with
particular
diseases and normal health.
To ensure that such work as may be accessary to
investigate and clarify such claims is carried out
using
the facilities of the leading research groups in
universities, medical departments and institutes.
C)
C)
(-n
Ln
NJ
C-1
114
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


6.
To explore, using similar external facilities,
other
gouadl7-based wt~rk which -may clarify :he
association of
smokiag, smoke camponents. par:tcular diseases and
normal
health.
ro discuss with regulatory authorities the
association
between smoking, individual smoke
compoaents,.various
diseases and normal health.
The Research Conference has recommended that a
Scientific Advisory
Group be set up under.Dr. Thorutoo,.composed of
in-house experts who
take advice on an 'ad hoc' basis from.excernal
experts. The precise
taruA of reference axe. currently,
bqizL&.r_1arifird, hur_ in. br d.terms,.
QA
function of the Advisory Group would be to
identify, and ensure that
it is familiar 'with, all external research vbick
would- be. relevant to
the health issue,*,to eva-luate, th-e quality of
that-res
,Xrcha-and- any
eanclusicras -b4SC'd-. UP61L ..It - -and, - when-
in- Lts- view- &app sent -VT. or -.. .
clarifTing work. is required_ to recomme!nd- the
allocation- of -funds for
that purpose. The terms of reference will be
cleared with individual
company C.E.O.s before a recommendation Is made to
the Tobacco
Strategy ILeview team.
Group Research Programme
Considerable attention has been directed a-t
defining the scope of the
~-Gr(iuly 1Nnjearch,-?Tvgra*we.- Viewed sinll~ly
&D tbe_t1o~ta:l',-Vt,*Jdizt-s
conducted in the six R&D centres there are
currently 606 project
titles, all of which are collected on a computer
database. However,
these are widely diverse and clearly vary in their
relevance to other
research centres. A project classification system
has been
introduced throughout the Group using the
following classifiers:
Scope: Group, Local or General Interest
Depth: Fundamental Research, Applied
Research/Development or
Support Work
Function Orientation: Leaf, Marketing, Production,
etc.
Technical Subject: Tobacco, Processing,
Components,
Subjective Attributes, Mainstream, etc.
and most recently:
Group Research Objectives: as shown on pages 3/4.
C)
L:1
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


7.
-he Research Directors have agreed that those
projec:s which fall
,n!:a the categories of Group-wide relevance and
are rated as
Fundam~ntal or Applied Research/Developmen: in
nature shall
conatituce the Group Research Programme. Currently
this
constitutes 153 of the 606 projects throughout the
Group. Wh.ilst
all projects will be maintained on the database
and can be
&creased and grouped in a multituda of ways. (e.g.
all Leaf
research, all work an smoke quality improvement),
only the
projects within the Zroup6 Rasa&rrh Programme..
will. b.s 14L1rar_t64J'-.
and monitored collectively by the CAC X&D
Directors.
In order to give more cohesion- to.this latter
group, the- team
consisting of the R&D Director of each of the six
laboratories
-tvtethe~r - wttb -the - Rov*&Tch. Co--ardtn&"-r,
z,w:LLI- be idemeLfied. a-* the
lesearch Policy Group. Tbe'RPG will thus ova rv
iev the Group
lesearch .Pr.ogramme,.' and' wi.L1 malEe .
recomm'emdat ions via th~-_
Co-ordinator.fo.r more.-6i'less'activity'on
a'pairticular''idpi.c 't .obe
puTiued' 'at "any of -t1le R&D. cezft-ies~- "Thb.
final (tecision 61i 'p*roje'lets,
to be run at*each ce-utre will, h-owever ' be the
re'sponstbility of?
its General Manager and Research Director.
The importance of the projects database in terms
of Group-wide
co-ordination of R&D effort cannot be
overstressed. Providing
reliable effort (in terms of man years) is
supplied for each
project, the allocation of resources, for
icstance, against the
leseareb Objectives, can be easily ideurified.
'The'contribution
of the various R&D centres to Group-related
activities in relaLion
to otlie^i striciry b'e-6,iP-ir4d--
v 9 an C
overall allocation of Group resources on
Fundamental Itesearch in
relation to Applied Research or Technical Support
can be
identified and used as a basis for management
control.
legrattably at this stage the effort data supplied
by the
individual R&D cencres is not sufficiently sound
for the current
profile of Group R&D activities to be given in
quantified form.
The &PG members recognise this as of high
priority, and an
Information Group meeting with specialists from
each centre will
cake place in January to 3tandardise all aspects
in relation to
this database. The RPG recognise the potential
extensions of this
computerised database for reporting research
progress, in addition
to listing projects. A further benefit foreseen is
the
identification of potential areas of duplication.
Looking ahead. whilst for most purposes a co.puter
terminal with
suitable protective entry codes will provide
access to the Group
lesearch Programme for certain purposes, it will
be necessary to
produce a 'hard copy' version of the full
programme. Whereas in
the past such programmes have reflected a
cechnology grouping
(such as all work on Tobacco Processing or on
Mainstream Smoke),
in future the programme will be displayed by Group
Research
Objectives (see pages 3/4).
U4
C:)
U-1
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


8.
An i2portant corollary of the decentralisation of
research is that
eaz*- centre now has an obligation to repor:
findings in a
sys:emaCLc and disciplined manner. Hitherto, GR&DC
has set the
standard for formal reporting vh1ch we no d to
adop_t
r
broughout the G roup- Agreeme at on bot h
;ruseress and final
re?orting of research was reached at the Research
Conference It
should ba recogrLised, however,. that this
repr-eaeuts a 'hid.deu.
czst' of deceatrali sing research.
In'addition to formal repor~ting, the RPG
recognises the importance
of maintaining contacts between scientists at
beach level. One
Lanortant, vehicle -for this, contac-t -is the
technica-L s.pec-ialist
meeting and five have been planned for 1986 as
follows-:-
Subject Boar Coun-tr7 Suggdste<r Timing
Tlivouri st:.Vorks hop -'Germanr
-'Se-preuber/O'cr*ber-
Tobacco Processing Brazil October Ist week
(chemistry, engineering
impact on product development)
Clhe2o-sensory attributes of U T, September
nicotine in smoke
Product Development ;SA March
Competitor Intelligence Germany May/June
Group R&D Resources
Because of differences in administrative
arrangements and
definitions of activicies/persoanel
classifications, it has so far
proved impossible to derive a comprehensive
picture of resources
available for R&D within the Group. For instance,
B&W do not
?&rate gof R&D from theirptoralst:chnica 1
:,(which
eclude Out eceNts ), and the arm ' rofes i nal
sciecost
S
in engin t atis has no
Meaning in the US& or Germany. The Information
Group will resolve
these issues. Interim data on personnel and costs
are shown in the
ADpendix.
Total Group R&D numbers have fallen by 8.7% as a
result of the
elimination of duplicated work e.g. flavour
research conducted at
G'1&DC in addition to BATC-F and Souza Cruz. Both
E&W and Souza
Cruz are showing an increase in staff for 1986 and
Wills are also
giving thought to expanding their numbers. The
total picture for
Group R&D expenditure must include the external
contract costs;
those so far agreed have been included, and
certainly account for
part of the increase in B&W R&D costs for 1986,
for example, but a
sore complete picture should be available next
year. Generally,
there is support for increased external R&D
expenditure by the CAC
companies against clearly defined objectives.
CD
Ln
NJ
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


The CA-- companies hake agreed to funding BATUKE
R&D (Chrough 1986
to a c:mbined level of 4E1.7 ma-~ and at a
proporcionazely lower
level c*arough. 1987. However, there is now an
argent need to
re-thi2k the whole basis for R&D funding in the
Group, and this
should-be the concern of the financial rather thin
the technical
function.
Princi-jal Projects ........ ..... ...
Smoke Quality Improvement
3&W have a comprehensive high priori.ty programme
to explore
acans af isprovin&-amok.Lag. quality. &n46 noz:
arq coaconzra-t1mg..
their efforts on reconstituted materials,
leaf/blend
variations and *mmoniA. treii-tzetts. So-far
onlr-blead
ctanges 'And- ERR (Extracted Burley; Stem based
sheet) have
beew-Lisp-lem.ented. tut -comuercl-al- pro(Luats.-
-:A:I,.l other - --. - -- -.-
developments-are being tested in consumer-trials.
In the
case of menthol, superior products in relation to
traditional styles have been implemented in Kool
and key
competitive comparisons are in progress.
3,LTCF have a parallel although smaller programme.
A
progress. meeting will be held early in 1986
between B67 and
3 ATCF to pool avallable 'information and to
ensure maximum
zransfer of results which can be Applied in the
short term.
lred- and' c-1:r: u'late-d- to "tbe-btfier-
Cone-1we'loni'Vilk -be'suinizA'ri
XiD Centres.
2. lew Product Technology
:a future, product modifications of cigarettes
will most
probably follow patterns established in the past.
Changes
will be introduced gradually either in response to
market
pressure or the availability of new techniques or
regulations. Our Product Development must proceed
ia
anticipation of such requirements. The new
Scientific
ldvisory Group will indicate directions for
product
modification which will be implemented, providing
commercial
support is obtained within the Group. We must be
aware that
external research on smoking and health issues may
call for
radical alteration to product, i.e. a
discontinuity in the
general evolution of products.
--!zere has been considerable discussion in the
R&D Centres on
=he issues of radically changed or completely
Alcernacive
Products for the longer term. Although desirable,
indeed
essential, that we keep such possibilities in our
thinking
a-ad review the situation regularly, it is not
possible to
set terms of reference for a project at present.
However,
in several of our areas of current or planned
research
(siaple aerosol delivery, system, chemo-sensory
research,
biotechnology) we have initiatives which at least
offer base
technology for radically changed products should
these start
:o become more probable.
U1
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia I
November 1999


10.
In terms of New Product Design, USA, UK and
Germany
represent the most innovative teams. US New
Product
Developmenc Ls targeted short term:-
- to develop improved Barclay products
- to develop a superior quality, female specific,
slim
cigarette (Beta)
'ti) &e"velbp Sri "Tiltra-~-s'fin 'iieii pro'duc't
(Vlsa).
The Barclay development. as ACTRON PLUS delivers I
mg.. with.
groo,ves.open and 6 mg'. 'when blocked. 'The
product is
curre!~Fj,T .~!i teat maxket.
The Beta development hAs dzawu heavily an the
German
axperience.-with Kim-- in,&-Is achieving. parity
wit-h Virginia
SIL.in. Lights in. C424=er tCLting.-
Visa is demanding a heavy development effort and
is
currently at the stage of selective consumer
testing against
potential competition.
Although effort is scaled down Southampton still
represents
a source o-f innovative product thinking.
Important projects
a.re:
1. *o*`e1,. f.-Lltet.. concep-ts
ta-enhahce~_smake~ oubjsative.
response.
2. Low sidestream products - novel paper
technology is
aiding reduction of sidescream, but so far impairs
smakint quality.
3. Novel waste tobacco utilisation combining fibre
production with expansion.
The German initiative on biotechnology based on
plant cell
cultures may offer opportunity for the
introduction of new
techniques for the product developer. A large
scale
fermentation plant at Abreasburg will be in
operation at the
and of 1986. This will be the only plant of its
kind in
Germany. The experience gained from small scale
sytems will
be used when the plant can be turned over for work
on
tobacco products.
Current estimates are that material produced will
have a
high cost relative to tobacco. This will limit
usage but
such applications as the introduction of selected
(unstable)
flavours, nicotine, vitamins, caffeines by
'entrapping'
these in tobacco cells may offer new
possibilities.
Smokeless products may also offer an opportunity.
LA
C:)
C)
(JI
V1
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 1
November 1999


3. ?Iavour Research
The Group clearly, recognises Germany and Brazil
to be the
centres of expertise in the broad area of flavour
research.
The German effort is now "an itt the light of
tacte- -
modifiers rather than simply flavour research
recognising
the' separat~e contributions from volatiles,
non-volatiles aad'
polymeric materials. Cocoa hulls, pectins and
sulphur
comp'oundi are all showinj i_-ousideiable Oromiiie
*aua saierAl---
of these innovations have found application in our
existing
brands on the German market.
The Brazilian flavour.programme, by cqn;~Tfs;j
takes
e-_ f 'S r a
ad a &g a ouxi, C ;Z" in' and a as &f,
and. is. substantially related to natural t.obacco
flavour, -
e. g'. 'kmare-linho. Curing experiments
wLth.Comum:'taba*eo are
_.he~iug carried out, to atte-mipt to inteus.ify.
uar..urjLl-,flAVo"A.
Iddition.ally, ~ouza -Cruz is..exploring the
potential of fruit
extracts for improvements to butt aroma, ambient
smoke and
smoking qualities of low grade tobaccos.
4. Tobacco Processing
The Group programme set up by Souza..Cruz
to-investigate the
influence of curins/procesaing on-tobacco
properties has.
produced some interesting results. A me-eting has
been
&r-eang*4 --to - e*rure --. the.. app.11-ca,tt an
of tkese-f"dLa-gs-~'ta..
practical operations, and to set the course of any
future
research in this area. A number of other process
innovations, such as the new tobacco expansion
process from
Southampton and the novel reconstituted sheet vork
from B&W,
will also be reviewed in terms of general
applicability.
12 th December 1985
Ln
I_F1
N)
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999


APPENDIX
RhD Expenditures in EH
Domestic R&D GR&DC Contr. Total R&D
84 85 86 84 85 !6 L4 85 86
7,,60 7.30 5.90 (4.29) (4.07) (1.78)1 3.31 3.23
4.12
- 11.21 12.70 2.48 Z.4% 0.71 31 L3.70 13.41
A 2.45 2.07 2.33 0:86 '0.69 "0. 47 7. 76' 2.80
GEEMANY 4.90 4.77 .5.03 0.57. 0.52 .0.38 5.47 5.29
5-4L
BRAZIL 3.28 2.77 3.19 - 7 3.28 2.77 3.19
AUSTRALIA 1.07. 0.81 0.86 0..38 .0.37.. ...0...7,2
:1 - 18
TOTAL 28-93 30-01 28.93 30.01
-R&D Expenditure In Local Currencies
7.84 85 8&- -84 ,-. -65~- 86- -94
-7
UK z 7.60 7.30 5.901 (4.29) (4.07) (1.78) 3.31
3.23 4.12
USA 15.80 17.90 3.27 3.27 1.00 19.07 18.90
FARNADA 3.76 3.97 4.48 1.32 1.33 0.91 5.08 5.32
5.39
GERMANY DK 17.90 18.00 19.00 2.07 1.96 1.44 19.97
19.96 20.44
BRAZIL 3.80 3.90 4.50 3.80 3.90 4.50
AUSTRALI9 $ 1.50 1.60 1.70 0-.53 0.74 0.43 2.03
2.34 2.13
RSD Staff Numbers
PROFESSIONAL TOTAL STAFF
84 85 86 84 85 86
UK 59 48 45 280 242 175
us-A - - - 160 165 175
CANADA 29 28 28 73 73 73
GERMANY - - - 151 139 139
BRAZIL 36 38 199 204 220
AUSTRALIA 9 10 11 38 39 41
TOTAL 901 862 823
CD
U-1
Un
PQ
4 z~.
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia I
November 1999