QUARTERLY REPORT
JULY - SEPTEMBER 1965
12.io.65
ISSUED BY: D.G. Felton
DISTRIBUrION:
D.S.F. Hobson, Esq.
K.E. Haines, Esq.
Sir Charles Ellis
Dr. S.J. Green
J.H. Maslen, Esq.
P. Procter, Esq.
R.A. Boothroyd, Esq.
Dr. R.B. Griffith
L.C. Laporte, Esq.
W.W. Reid, Esq.
Herrn E.H. S8ring
J.E. Sismey, Esq.
E.C. Fieldsend, Esq.
R. & D.E. Library
R. & D.E. File No. 68
COMPILED BY: I.W. Hughes
F. Haslam
Copy No. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8, 9, lo
11, 12, 13
14, 15
16, 17, 18
19
20, 21, 22
23, 24
25
COPY NO:
L;'j
LN
>
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C-)
QI
w
Q~--
~Q-
I
11 ~110
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


Research & Development Establishment,
British-American Tobacco Company Ltd.,
30 UTHAMPTON.
IWH/FH/CAL/68 6th October 1965
QUARTERLY REPORT
JULY - SEE'TEMBER 1965
IMMODUCTION
As is usual in the Sw=er months, holiday absences
have been heavy and
have somewhat retarded the work. There have been
two resignations from the
graduate staff, both from the Selective Filtration
Group, and this has meant that
progress in this field will be slower. An internal
reorganisation to meet this
has been made, and an urgent atzempt to recruit
replacements was started.
Towards the end of August, Dr. W.B. Fordyce was
seconded to assist
Dr. S.J. Green, while remaining in R. & D.E.
During the quarter, members of the Intermediate
Management Course No.20
visited R. & D.E. and were given a tour
illustrated with demonstrations.
ON
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


G;,
L/I
(41
V-
W
IT
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-2-
PROJEUr ITD: GE41RAL RESEARCH AND DEVEMPMIM
1100 Analytical
(Miss C.W. A7ers) (15) The development work on
methods for the determination
of individual acids in tobacco and smoke has been
completed.
The finalised method is being used routinely.
(19) The development of the automated method for
the
determination of volatile phenols in cigarette
smoke has
been completed. With this method, the steam
distillation
stage is also under automated control.
(21) Nothing to report.
(22) Nothing to report.
(23) Methods are now available for the detection
of such
trace impurities as olefins, aromatics, aldehydes,
water,
acids, bases and peroxides in the solvents
methanol, hexane
and heptane. These methods will now be used
routinely on
solvent purification in the Distillation Building.
120: Tobacco
(Miss C.W. Ayers) (2) and (4) The review of
analytical methods for measuring
certain insecticide residues in tobacco has been
completed.
If required, experiments aimed &t testing the
various methods
can be started when suitable apparatus is
available.
(D.J. WOCd) (3) Experiments to degrade MH-30
residues in tobacco are
(R. Comber) continuing. No success has yet been
achieved with selected
strains of bacteria; spraying with trace metals
has
produced a small degradation.
C=)
Un
Lll~
C711
N.;
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


t)
I
i -
L I/
C:~
C--(
Q-4
01-
Ql-~
CD
(--j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-3-
Unproarammed
(J.D. Backhurst) Three samples of smoke condensate
from T4 cigarettes -
control, control plus maleic hydrazide and control
plus
MH-30 - are being prepared and shipped each week
to
Huntingdon Research Centre. This work is being
carried out
at the request of T.R.C. and is likely to continue
for a
period of one to two years.
1300 Cixarettes
(S.R. Evelyn) (2) The analytical work on the smoke
from tobacco samples
(R.E. Thornton) sprayed with various levels of
MR-30 has been completed.
1400 Process Research and Development
(Dr. Mercer) (2) An additional measurement has
been made to establish the
contribution of the Centralised Dust Collection
System to
general noise level in the Making Department,
Southampton
Branch. Whilst the fans of the dust extraction
system were
not making any significant contribution, noise
generated
in the making machine was being emitted at the
balancing
valves of the system. Contrary to the Molins
suggestion,
comparative measurement have shown that the
PA-7.RO. filter
tip attachment is not quieter than the FA-7-
(R.G. Hook) (3) After testing a number of the
parameters controlling
the extraction of eugenol with aerosols, it has
been
concluded that quantitative extraction of eugenol
from
cloves is probably unattainable by the aerosol
extraction
process. Attention is now being turned to a
qualitative
appraisal of the range of application of this
principle.
01-
Q7-j
C*
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C:~I
U-1
0*-
OCI
U17
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-4.
1500 Bioassay
(D.G. Felton) (1) Forty test samples (covering
variations in filter
(C.1. Ayres) design and tobacco treatment)have
been examined under
Project CONQUEROR. As with other ciliastatic
tests, active
charcoal filters show considerable reduction in
activity.
Although not as effective as charcoal, PEI treated
filters
also reduce activity.
(3) The smoke condensate from the initial four
samples
being examined under the JANUS short-term test was
found
to be highly toxic at a dose level of 100 mg per
application.
In future tests, the dose level will be reduced to
50 mg per
application.
(4) The long-term testing under Project JANUS will
not
commence for several months but satisfactory
progress is
being maintained with the initial arrangements.
(R. Comber) (5) Results obtained with a standard
Paramecium method show
some correlation with results so far obtained in
1501.
Apart from the routine determination of the
relative
toxicity of smoke from cigarettes made from
different
cigarette rod-filter combinations, experimental
work is
aimed also at establishing the nature of the toxic
agent(s).
(6) Different methods of determining the toxicity
of smoke
to Paramecium are being tested. Of interest in
this context,
is the effect of the different orders of
solubility of various
smoke constituents in the aqueous medium of the
Paramecium.
(7) Work is aimed at developing an in vitro method
of
measuring smoke-induced hyperplasia; initially
skin from
the ears of freshly-killed pigs is being tried.
01 \
C.-i
cc
(DN
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh C01UMbia 2
November 1999


UM
L.I.J
ON
L-1-1
CO
---.I
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-5-
PROJECT 2000 TOBACCO: RELATION OF CONSrITUENTS AND
PROPERrIES OF 70BACCO
TO THE QUALITIES OF LEAF AND SMOKE AND TO THE
AGRICUL-_URAL
AND CURING PROCESS
2000 General
(A.R. Cousins) (3) A quantitative method for
estimation of solaneso'- has
been developed and a report issued.
Fractionation of lipids in four tobaccos is in
progress;
the tobaccos are those which were selected for
detailed
smoke examination under 3126.
(4) The determination of free amino-acids using
the Technicon
analyzer is being continued.
(5) Techniques for investigating the products of
reaction
between amino-acids and sugars are being
developed, initially
using model systems. The work will shortly be
exten.~_ed to a
tobacco which is known to contain such complexes.
2010 WATERLOO
(D.G. Felton) (1), (2) and (3) Nothing to report.
2020 Grey Tobacco
(D.J. Wood) (7) Trace metal analysis on flue-cured
tobacco samples
(Miss C.W. Ayers) from South India has been
completed. The level of I.-ron. is
(R. Comber) appreciably lower than that found in
the previous ye-ar's
crop.
(8) A range of flue-cured tobacco samples from
Brazil,
representing various defects in colour and aroma,
is under-
going detailed chemical analysis.
2070 Colour-
(D.J. Wood) (1) and (2) Nothing to report.
C:>
GD
CD
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C:)
Un
C-N
(-Ii
CO
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-6-
PROJErT 3000 CIGAPME DESIGN: FACTORS AFFBCTING THE
FORMATION OF SMOKE
,3000 Smoke Research - General
(Miss C.W. Ayers) (3) Suitable dual filters for
Project GOLDCHARM have been
(I.W. Hughes) received from Cigarette Components
Ltd. These have been
attached to the various cigarettes, the blends of
which
have been designed by Leaf Blending Section. The
tar and
nicotine values are approximately 11 mg and 2 mg
respectively.
A batch of these filter-tipped cigarettes are now
being
made in the Development Hall for panel testing at
Millbank.
3110 Characterisation of Tobacco as a Smoke
Producer
(S.R. Evelyn) (7) Under the conditions of both
free and restricted smoking,
(R.E. Thornton) a change in puff volume has little
effect on the concentration
of nicotine, tar, phenols; and the lower fatty
acids per ml
of smoke. At the lower puff volumes, however, a
small
.but significant increase in the concentration of
benzo(a)-
pyrene was found.
(Miss C-W. Ayers) (13) Nothing to report.
(J.D. Backhurst) (14) Nothing to report.
(R.E. Thornton) (15) The report has been issued on
the comparison of the
polycyclic hydrocarbons in the smoke from
flue-cured and
fermented tobacco.
(R.E. Thornton) (16) A review has been issued of
the current situation with
regard to nitrosamines in cigarette smoke.
Unprogrammed
(R.E. Thornton) At the request of Leaf Department,
an examination has been
made of a number of samples of tobacco from
Mauritius, cured
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C.n
Q.^j
ON
U14
\~D
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-7-
by different methods of flue-curing. The results
have been
reported.
3120 Tobacco Composition and Smoke Chemistry
(D.J. Wood) (2) Cigarettes from both the first and
second greenhouses
(R.E. Thornton) experiments conducted in 1964 are
undergoing detailed smoke
analysis.
(R. & D.E.) (5) Nothing to report.
(H.F. Dymond) (6) The use of the G.L.C. scan
technique is being evaluated
for the comparison of the smoke from flue-cured
and fermented
tobacco.
(Miss C.W. Ayers) (7) The analysis is underway of
a number of Argentine
cigarettes, made from fermented tobacco.
3130 Characterisation of the Combustion Zone
(S.R. Evelyn) (7) Nothing to report.
(D.J. Molyneux)
(R.G. Hook) (8) Nothing to report.
(R.E. Thornton) (9) The effect of changes in
packing density in the
cigarette on the production of benzpyrene in the
smoke is
being examined.
(R.G. Hook) (10) Nothing to report.
3140 The Effect of Additives
(R.E. Thornton) (4) and (5) Despite the fact that
the addition of several
(D.J. Molyneux) chemical additives to a cigarette
can cause large differences
in the delivery of smoke components such as
hydrogen cyanide,
aldehydes, phenols etc., very few differences have
been
found when these cigarettes were subjected to the
Paramecium
test.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C:)
(-n
(-,t4
ON
C"i
110
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-8-
3150 Transfer and Pyrolysis Processes
(J.D. Backhurst) (16) The report has been issued
on the examination of
the filtration of phenols and nicotine by
cigarette rods
containing mixtures of flue-cured and Burley
tobaccos.
(J.D. Backhurst) (17) A series of technical faults
with equipment has
delayed the examination of the transfer of
hydrocarbons to
cigarette smoke.
(S.R. Evelyn) (18) The furnace technique is being
used to examine the
production of carbonyls by the pyrolysis of
tobacco.
The possible interaction of furfuraldehyde and
nicotine is
also being examined, as it appeared from earlier
work that
the addition of sugars to a cigarette caused a
reduction in
the delivery of nicotine.
(D.J. Wood) (19) This work represents an extension
of that previously
programmed under 3150(12). The production of
phenol via the
pyrolysis of quinic and caffeic acids is being
investigated.
316o Development of Smoking Machines
(F. Russell) (2) The construction of the 12 port
smoking engine is
(miss C.W. Ayers) continuing.
(F. Russell) (3) The design has been completed"for
the production of
(S.R. Evelyn) valves for free smoking. Six valves
have been ordered from
an outside supplier.
PROJECT 3200 CIGAREITE DESIGN: MODIFICATION OF
SMOKE AFTER FORMATION
3200 General
(R.G. Hook) (1) A modified method of calculating
the coagulation
function has been developed and is being used in
the
theoretical study of aerosol coagulation.
c7 N
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


S
4 X
~_n
(-I-j
ON
(-N
I'D
U-I
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-9-
3210 Classification of Smoke Particles
(F. Russell) (6) During this quarter the
assemblies for the Conifuge were
(R.B. Richardson) taken to London for balancing;
it was found that modifications
were required before balancing can be completed.
These
modifications have been made and the assemblies
are ready
for re-balancing. All parts of the control gear
have been
received; construction of the frameworks etc. will
commence
soon.
3230 Structure of Particles
(R.B. Richardson) (2) A second report has been
Issued on the interaction of
smoke and water.
(3) Nothing to report.
(4) The spreading of drops of charcoal-filtered
and
unfiltered smoke condensate on glass, mica and
formvar
surfaces has been investigated. Diameter
measurements are
not reliable because the perimeters are often
irregular;
projected areas therefore have been photographed,
and
measured by- planimeter.
This work is being continued along the lines of
observing
the profiles of various sizes of drop by means of
the
travelling microscope.
3240 Chemistry of Particles
(1) and (2) The work under these items has been
seriously
delayed due to the lack of Staff. Nevertheless
analytical
methods have been developed which are suitable for
furfural,
limonene, nicotine and phenol.
ON
Q.IQ
Cr\
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


~ 0,/
C:)
C_rl
CN
C71-
U-4
I'D
--4
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


_10-
PROJECT 3300 THE MAIN FACTORS INFLUENCING TASTE
AND FLAVOUR
3,310 Analysis of smoke with Respect to Flavour
Compounds
(K.D. Kilburn) (3) The experimental work on this
item is now nearing
(H.F. Dymond) completion.
(K.D. Kilburn) (6) The CN programme has now been
completed and will
shortly be put into routine use. The computer
programme
designed to calculate G.L.C. data on punched paper
tape
can now be used to calculate peak retention,
carbon number,
height and area etc., corrected for attenuator
changes and
any base-line drift resulting from temperature
programming.
The final sub-programme for locating internal
standards and
calculating deliveries per cigarette has been
drafted, but
not yet tested.
(K.D. Kilburn) (7) Five propenyl ketones and two
precursors of methyl
(M.G. Ivinson) propenyl ketone have been
synthesised and panel tested.
(C. Valentine) (8) The Girard-T carbonyls have
been Isolated from a
flue-cured blend and two fermented tobaccos.
T.L.C.
examination has suggested that the compositions of
the three
isolates are similar. Initial smoking trials have
tended
to confirm this suggestion.
(C. Valentine) (9) The initial fractionation of
some solvent extracts has
now been started. It is hoped that sufficient
material will
be isolated for panel testing.
3330 To Establish a Chemical Basis for Sensory
Tests
(K.D. Kilburn) (1) A report has been issued and
the work is continuing.
(H.F. Dymond)
co
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


CD
~-M
(-^j
Cr\
Q--j
110
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


_11-
3-340 To Fztablish a Technique for Assessiniz the
Taste and Flavour
of Whole Smoke
(D.J. Wood) (7) and (8) The results of these
smoking tests have now
been discussed with the Leaf Blending Section.
This has
brought to light a difference of opinions
concerning the
rel&tive levels of irritation in GOLDCHARM and
STATE EXPRESS
cigarettes.
(J.D. Backhurst) (9) The results of the panel
testing of cigarettes containL:~g
(K.D. Kilburn) various additives are being
evaluated.
(D.J. Wood) (10) The three panels have
independently assessed four
commercial filter-tipped brands, and the results
are
currently being compared. The same four brands
have also
been submitted to the Leaf Blending Section for
their
opinions. This is part of an exercise suggested by
Dr. R.
Harper.
(J.D. Backhurst) (11) Cigarettes containing
various levels of carbon in the
(W.B. Fordyce) filter have been analysed for
filtration efficiency (volatile
(H.G. Horsewell) alde?Wdes), and have been
submitted to the Sensory Difference
(D.J. Wood) Panel and the Taste and Flavour
Working Party to determine
the level at which carbon can be detected.
PROJBCT 3400 CIGARME DESIGN: SELECTIVE FILTRATION
3400 General
(S.L. Vekris) (4) Acetaldehyde and water vapour
adsorption isotherms
have been determined for several carbon samples.
The shape3
of the water isotherms are different from those of
nitrogen
and acetaldehyde and show considerable
adsorption-desorption
hysteresis.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


rZ-)
U1
(-,j
ON
CD
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-12-
Rates of acetaldehyde adsorption have been
measured at
several pressures.
(H.G. Horsewell) (15) A report has been issued
describing the method
developed for the determination of acrolein in
smoke.
(Miss C-W. Ayers) (17) The examination of new
filter brands (NEWCIG) continues.
(W.B. Fordyce) (20) The final stages of Project
QUICKSILVER have been
completed; the best available filter-tipped
cigarettes are
now being assembled.
(22) Nothing to report.
(H.G. Horsewell) (23) The report on the KISKOT
cigarette holder has been
issued.
(W.B. Fordyce) (24) The report on ERIGHMN and
PINNACLE has been issued.
(25) The work on the final samples of cigarettes
for Project
HACKNEY has been completed. Arrangements have been
made to
receive further samples from the market at monthly
intervals.
,3410 Filter Additives
(H.G. Horsewell) (7) Aging polyamine treated
unplasticised acetate and viscose
filters for 10 months in a carbon dioxide-free
atmosphere
has only resulted in minor changes in the
filtration efficiency
values. This suggests that the deactivation found
earlier
may be due to reaction with triacetin or with
carbon dioxide.
(9) Work on the synthesis of polyvinylamine has
started.
(M.G. Ivinson) (10) Nothing further to report on
the patent completion for
polyvinylamine.
(F. Haslam) (11) The manufacture of filters
selective for hydrogen
sulphide is dependent upon the suppliers (B.D.H.)
of
potassium zincate.
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


CD
Url
C-^j
c7 N
C=)
t-,~j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


3420 Filter Materials
(H.G. Horsewell) (3) Further samples of carbonised
viscose from Le Carbone
have been received and are being tested.
(4) Tests on the foamed viscose filters, received
from
Courtauld Ltd, indicate that these filters have no
novel
properties.
3430 Mechanism of Selective Filtration
(R.G. Hook) (3) and (10) Nothing to report.
(S.L. Vekris)
PROJE= 4100 PROCMS RESEARCH AND DEVEIDPMENr:
PRIMARY
4120 Primary Process Development (ad hoe)
(F. Haslam) (1) Pilot scale treatments of both cut
tobacco and lamina
(S.R. Evelyn) strips with ammonia have been
carried out. The effect of
(M.G. Ivinson) the normal cylinder drying process
on the treated product
has been examined on a limited scale.
(A.J.0. Thomson) (2) The cost of freeze drying
solutions of tobacco extract
on a commercial scale would be around *d per pound
of
solution. But the solutions used so far have
contained abcut
5% extract, so the cost per 1b of dried extract
would be
rather more than 3/4d per 1b.
Techniques are now used in the Food Industry for
concentrating
before freeze drying and this can reduce costs
considerably.
Tests are In hand to see whether these methods
work with a
solution of tobacco extract, and whether loss of
flavour
results.
CZ:>
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


CD
(-n
U-4
C7 \
_r~.
Ul
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-14-
(A.H. Wright) (3) The elimination of par-drying
has now been examined
with C.R.S. at moisture contents in the region of
40%. The
tests still indicate that, after drying in a blend
with cut
lamina,.the excess moisture in the C.R.S. does not
exceed
about 1%. The reliability of the method of
assessment
is being further examined.
(A.H. Wright) (4) Work has started on a study of
the effects of variables
(R.W. Hedges) in lamina processing.
41.30 Basic Study of Tobacco Cuttinit
(A.H. Wright) (4) Construction of equipment for
sonic cutting has been
delayed by pressure of other work.
4140 Stem ProcessinA
(F. Haslam) (9) A report has been issued on the
study of stem
(A.H. Wright) treatment.
4150 Separation of Stem and Lamina
(F. Haslam) (1) A literature survey on the
separation of stem and
lamina is being carried out.
Unpromrammed
(F. Haslam) The Solvent Distillation Building has
commenced operation
and quantities of purified solvents required for
laboratory
use are not being produced.
PROJECT 4200 PROCESS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENr -
SECONDARY AND PACKAGING
4210 Cigarette Makirur
(N.E. Willis) (,3) and (21) A modified garniture
assembly has been built
(D.B. Naylor) and is to be put on trial shortly.
(N.E. Willis) (2,3) It has been agreed to continue
the test programme on
nylon bands in Southampton Branch.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


~A.,( CC)
(-n
(-14
01,
4-1.1
C::)
---j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-15-
(N.E. Willis) (24) Difficulties have been
encountered in controlling
(A.E. Yallup) the cigarettes taken off the
catcher. Modifications have
(D.B. Naylor) been made and further development
work is aimed at improving
the performance from the mechanism.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (25) The test programme for the
Mk.8 SM at 2,000 c.p.m. has
(N.E. Willis) been completed and reported. In
addition to the test with
CHARMINAR tobacco, a further test has been
conducted using
unstemmed air-cured out tobacco imported from
Spain. The
machine operated successfully with both tobacco
samples.
Noise measurements indicated that this machine was
much
quieter than the standard Mk.8 and significantly
quieter
than the 585 M.C.M. Conversion of the Mk.8 Sm. to
2,500 c.p.m.
is now complete and the test programme will be
repeated at the
higher speed.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (26) Nothing to report.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (27) The work on the effect of
tobacco temperature on making
(F. Russell) machine performance has been
completed.
(F. Russell) (28) The current series of tests on
the effect of reduced
air flow on performance of Mk.8 making machines
has been
completed.
(N.E. Willis) (29) The programme for the
performance study on a standard
(A.W. Cronshaw) Mk.8 operating at 2,500 c-P-m- has
started. An initial test
is being made to establish a performance base line
at 2,000
C.P.m.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (_30) The first report on the
individual weight performance of
(F. Russell) a Mk.8 has been issued. The
investigation of the effect of
C7)
LF,
U.-
CC
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


XA
)j,t, q ,, q'L
-~-- S
C--
U7
Q---j
ON
z
1-0
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-16-
crank setting is being continued on the Mk.8
machines in
Southampton Branch using the Solartron Computer
installed
there.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (31) The work on the Mk.8 SM,
operating under various weight
control conditions highlighted some features of
the inter-
action of group weight and individual weight
performance.
The investigation has now been extended to cover a
standard
Mk.8.
4240 Filter Machinery
(N.E. Willis) (1) A report has been issued on the
S.A. plug-granule combiner.
O.K. Milner)
(F.Haslam) (3) The manufacture of bonded paper
filters on the prototype
(D.E. Conway) equipment has continued. The
manufacture of DALRATIAN type
filters on this machine has also been demonstrated
and attempts
have been made to produce such filters containing
P.E.I. with
charcoal.
(N.E. Willis) (4) A number of carbon rod samples
have been made using
(F. Haslam) fusible salts. The technique is
available for further
samples or production work if required.
The supply, of suitable encapsulated adhesives for
cold
BONDEX manufacture has been explored with N.C.R.
At present
no suitable adhesives have been put forward.
(7) Evaluation work on the P.T.C. machine has been
delayed
by work on P.E.I./acetate filters. Problems have
arisen in
running such filters on the machine due to the
build-up of
gummy deposits on the cutting knives.
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


c::>
(-n
L--j
cr*%
-C~-
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-17-
4250 Packaging
(D.E. Conway) (2) Interpretation and practical
application of the
experimental results from a study of the
dimensional stability
of film overwrap remains a difficult proposition.
(3) A report has been issued on the preliminary
study of
moisture transmission.
(6) The evaluation of a range of hot melt
adhesives on the
Molins H.L. packer has been completed.
Recommendations will
now be made concerning the type of adhesive and
pattern of
application.
(7) The study of vapour permeability of polyolefin
films is
continuing. A G.L.C. unit is being used to
supplement the
information gained from the Lyssy apparatus.
(8) A report has been issued describing the new
pack designs
which have been evolved.
(J.K. Milner) (9) A visit was made to Brussels to
examine the shag
production system, and in particular the present
weighing
and packing arrangements.
It was agreed that Brussels should do tests to
establish the
present weight accuracy and variation and the
amount and size
of shorts produced.
(N. Foster) (10) Methods have been developed for
assessing pack quality
in terms of variation of pack components. These
methods
are now In routine use.
(F. Haslam) (11) The performance of the Molins
H.L. packer particularly
(D.E. Conway) with respect to degradation of
cigarettes during packing, is
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh ColUmbia 2
Noven1ber 1999


C:)
(-TI
L^1
01,
C-111:
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-18-
in course of examination. Suitable tests have been
devised
and are now in use. Particular attention has been
paid to the
behaviour of the machinery with regard to
cigarette moisture
content and packing density.
426o 'Filters
(N.E. Willis) (9) A method has been found of
forming a mouthpiece suitable
(F. Russell) for the basis of a multipass filter.
A few multipass filters
have been made by hand from these mouthpieces and
they have
been found to be acceptable as regards filtration
and pressure
drop. Work is now being concentrated on the
mechanical
fabrication of the complete filter.
4280 Cigars
(D.B. Naylor) (1) (2) A filter tip assembler is
being modified to enable
(N.E. Willis) mouthpieces to be run instead of
filters. Successful runs
(M.G. Ivinscn) have been made using 30 mm
cigarette and standard cork
tipping paper with mouthpieces. The next stage
will be to run
with cigarlets; and PCL wrapper.
Unprogrammed
(F. Haslam) A report has been issued describing
the methods devised for
(D.E. Conway) the application of P-E-1. to
cellulose acetate filters. Work
is now continuing in order to obtain higher
production speeds.
PROJECT 4400 QUALITY CONTROL DEVELOPMENr
4400 General Consideration of Quality Control
(A.W. Cronshaw) (2) The report giving the
recommendations for factory methods
has been delayed by other work.
D) Further correspondence has taken place on the
standard
test procedures.
C:D
(--n
Q1-j
C71,
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


CD
(-71
U4
ON
Z~,
L-n
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-19-
4410 Particle Size Analysis
(A.W. Cronshaw) (9) and (10) Nothing to report.
(E.B. Wilkes)
4420 Ends-testinit
(A.W. Cronshaw) (2) Nothing to report.
(A.J.0. Thomson)
4430 Cigarette Weight Monitors
(A.W. Cronshaw) (1) The calibration of the
Solartron computer installation has
been continued using the cigarette sample weighing
method.
Equipment has now arrived for the electrical
calibration of each
channel and this work has started. The computer
installation
is being used for an experiment on individual
weight
performance under 4210 (30).
4440 Development of Laboratory Tests
(E.B. Wilkes) (5) Work has been delayed on the
development of the cigarette
test unit due to the lack of staff. Development of
the
electronic apparatus for analysing the output of
the pressure
transducer is now nearing completion.
(7) Nothing to report.
(16) The B-A.T. version of the filling value
centrifuge has
now been built and the I.T. Co. model returned to
Briszol.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (17) Work has continued on the
examination of the existing
cigarette conditioning room. The rate of
conditioning is
variable.
(P.J. Nicholl) (19) The work on the strippability
of leaf has been completed.
The tests show that the best results can be
obtained b-j
feeding leaf lengthways with the threshing
machine. 7ne
c::>
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


a
~IIKI~
x
)?/ I
CD
(-n
~L-,
ON
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-20-
choice of tips or butt feeding can only be
resolved by
threshing trials.
PROJ= 4500 INSTRUKUE DEVELOPMEW
4510 Moisture Metering J~quipment Instalation
(A.E. Yallup) (1) Further work is being carried
out to investigate a
universal feeder/measuring head assembly aimed to
cover the
majority of installations.
(3) A second moisture meter has been installed in
Southampton
Branch. It is located after the "Legg" cooler and
is working
on cut tobacco. The.measuring head is fitted to a
12" diameter
plastic gravity pipe feeder. The performance to
date has been
consistent and calibration is proceeding. The
first moisture
meter has been moved from the input to the Legg
dried line
to the output from a "Hall" cooler at the request
of
Production Department in order to compare the
performance of
the two drier/cooler lines.
(6) An experimental measuring head unit mounted on
a stainless
steel gravity pipe feeder has been sent to
Ahrensburg. This
unit is intended for examining the moisture
content of strips
and Oriental leaf in conjunction with the metering
unit
already supplied.
(7) and (9) The measuring head units for Canada
and Flayer's,
Nottingham are nearing completion. The metering
units will
not be available until December because of the
long delivery
for some of the component parts.
(8) The measuring head unit for the meter for
Mexico City
C7 N
c0
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


CD
~-M
Q'IJ
CYI\
-r-
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-21-
is ready for despatch. The metering unit is
scheduled for
completion by early December.
(10) The measuring head unit for I.T. Co. (G.B. &
I.) Ltd.,
for Wilson N.C., has been despatched. The metering
unit is
nearing completion. The production of this meter
has been
accelerated to enable the installation to be used
on this
year's leaf crop.
4520 Sample Testing Moisture Meter
(E.B. Wilkes) (4) The report on the
inter-comparison of the three B-A.T.
type MM2 meters with the Kappa AB.60 has been
delayed.
(A.E. Yallup) (5) A revised Handbook on the Whole
Leaf Moisture Indicator
(A.W. Cronshaw) has been issued.
(E.B. Wilkes) (7) The completion of the
calibration of the A.E.I. S Band
(A.E. Yallup) Microwave moisture meter has been
delayed because of
difficulties which have arisen during the
calibration of the
Kappa AB.61 moisture meter as a sub-standard.
(A.W. Cronshaw) (11) The testing of the Kappa
meter for cigarette moistures,
(E.B. Wilkes) with the redesigned electrode
assembly fitted, has been
(A.E. Yallup) completed. Kappa Ltd. are now
producing meters fitted with
this design of electrode.
PROJECT 5000 P.C.L AND WASrE TOBACCO UTILIZATION
5000 Basic Research
(D.J. Molyneux) (2) Nothing to report.
5100 Waste Utilization
(P.J. Nicholl) (2) India. Waste availability
details have been received and
the possibility of waste utilization is under
consideration.
C=)
41.
rQ
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


A
A
(-TI
Q.P4
C71-
-p-
rl-)
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-22-
5400
(D.J. Molyneux)
(3) The general survey of waste utilization
economics is
still deferred.
(4) Nigeria. As blend compositions have undergone
considerable
change over the last few months, it was decided to
analyse
new samples of waste tobacco. To date the waste
from Port
Harcourt has been reexamined. Further samples are
awaited
from Ibadan and Zaria.
(5) Singapore. A report has been issued, showing
that the
profitability will be increased from 40% for a 3
year life
to 6,3% for 7 years. The calculations are based on
the use
of the Russell Fluid Energy Mill. Replacing this
by a
Vibratory Ball Mill will increase the
profitability. 2,000 1b
of waste tobacco has been received for process
evaluation.
(8) East Africa. The waste tobacco samples have
been
analysed.
(9) Nicaragua. No waste samples have been
received.
(11) Ceylon. A report has been issued on the
feasibility
of waste utilization. This shows that BATEX would
be
very profitable if the local situation made the
investment
worthwhile.
(12) Hong Kong. The waste tobacco samples have
been
analysed.
BATEX
(16) Nothing to report.
(18) Tests on the use of the KEK sifter for
screening tobacco
ground in the Allis Chalmers Vibratory Ball Mill
have
commenced.
C:)
~_r
Q.--j
C71
X~-
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


w x
-%EyNkC,I .1-1~
S K
(-r
Cr\
.t.lh.
NJ
~~4
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-23-
(19) The use of the KEK sifter for screening waste
tobacco
has been examined.
(20) The work on the Canadian Tower Separator for
desanding
waste tobacco has been deferred pending the
outcome of 5422.
(21) The Apex Ball Mill has been evaluated and
found to be less
satisfactory than the Allis Chalmers Mill as a
production
machine.
(22) The Allis Chalmers Vibratory Ball Mill has
been set up
in R. & D.E. and initial trials are promising. A
recirculating
feed system is being constructed.
PRojEcT 6ooo
6 ooo General
(A.J.O.Thomson) (1) A Tower separator for C.R.S.
was installed and tested.
After some adjustment it was found to work
satisfactorily
and has now been dismantled and shipped.
6-30o Mentholating
(A.J.0. Thomson) (2) The sealing and packing test
indicated that reels can be
(J.K. Milner) mentholated on the U.K. rewinder and
exported without damage
or menthol loss.
(4) The R. & D.E. rewinder has been installed in
Southampton
Branch Factory and is now meeting the requirements
of both
U.K. factories and certain overseas territories.
6400 T.S.U. Process
(J.K. Milner) (3) An investigation has been
carried out into alternative
mills which may be suitable for the Belgium T.S.U.
process.
The Allis Chalmers Vibratory Ball Mill has been
selected as
Ln
L^~
011
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


x
CD
(-T
ON
~_r
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-24-
a suitable piece of equipment with very promising
wear-
resisting properties.
6500 W.S. Process
(A.J.0. Thomson) (1) A summary of the field
experience of the winnowings
shredding process is being compiled.
6600 Introduction of Stem Conditioning in G.P.F.
(A.J.0. Thomson) Information covering the
introduction of stem conditicning
in a gravity pipe feed is being provided.
6700 BELFRIES
(J.K. Milner) (2) Drawings of the proposed
prototype automatic pacidng
machine have been sent to Holland.
BLUIDING MAIWENANCE AND SERVICES
Laboratory Block
Fume cupboard ducts rebuilt in laboratories 22,
23, 24, 37
and P.C.L. laboratory.
Steady state machine installed in Laboratory 1,3.
Main drainage modified.
A.F.A. fire alarm system being installed.
Development Hall No.1
Permanent heating for F.C.L. laboratory being
installed.
Manufacture of BATEX parts continuing.
Development Hall No.2.
New Mini-maker completed.
Renewal of fluorescent lighting commenced.
Solvent Distillation Building
In commission.
Ln
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C--)
(-M
C"i
011,
41 :-
r\-)
--~j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-25-
PATENrS
(Miss M.G. Ivinson) Purchase and abstracting of
patents of interest, and
circulation of information to the Establishment
has
been continued. Our total stock of Patent
Specifications
has now reached 3,500.
New Applications
No new Applications have been filed, but three are
in
process of being prepared for filing, and one is
under
consideration. Two Complete Specifications have
been
prepared and filed.
PATEWS GRANTED
U.K. Application No. Title
2,3,873/58 Air Drier I
9077/61 Pneumatic Cigarette Conveyor
12,642/61 Filter Meter
,31,418/61 Vacuumised Tins II
41,970/61 Air Drier II
17071/62 Filamentary Reconstituted Tobacco
1707o/62 Corrugation of Paper Webs
17072/62 Pi-Electric Heating
38,243/62 Cigarette Holders
Country Granted
British Honduras
Sweden
Australia
Denmark, Malta
(these will be allowed
to lapse)
Australia, U.K.
Italy, India
Venezuela
Ceylon, Greece
Malta, Portugal
S. Africa
New Zealand
S. Africa
0 N
41-
r\-)
CxD
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


CD
Ln
L^j
C71,
NJ
"D
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-26-
16,832/6.3 Tobacco Additive (Freeze Dried) S.
Africa
33,335/63 Filter Additive (P.A.I.) Argentine,
Belgi=,
France, S. Rhodesia
OFFICIAL ACTIONS
Title Country Response
Air Drier I Holland Abandoned
Molecular Sieve Filter Australia Defended
Pneumatic Cigarette Conveyor Holland Response or
abandoning
under consideration
Filter Meter Denmark Claims revised
Air Drier II Australia Defended
Moisture Tester II Australia Revised as reques--ed
Filamentary Reconstituted Tobacco Norway
Proceeding to gran=
Holland Defended
Cigarette Holders U.S.A. Abandoned
Germany Gebrauchsmuster
Patent applied for,
as objections serious
Extrusion Die U.K. Amended
Flavour Improver (M.A.) U.K. Defended
Tabletted Material for Filters U.K. Amended
Un
LJ-J
Z~-
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


IL-n
Ull
ON
_r_~
U-j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-27-
REPORTS ISSUED
During the period the following reports were
issued.
Title
Examination of the Initial Results from Crosscheck
Analysis of the Burning Zone in a Cigarette - Part
III
Prediction of Cigarette Pressure Drop from Small
Samples of Cut
Tobacco
The Evaluation of Tobacco Adclitives - Part I: The
Development
of a Method and an Assessment of 2-Phenylethanol
as a Tobacco
Additive
The Effect of Enzymic Oxidation, and of other
Factors, on the
Potential of Chlorogenic Acid to Produce Phenols
on Pyrolysis
An Examination of the Lipids from Several
Different Tobacco Types
A Rheological Investigation of Tobacco Powder
Extrudate
Waste Utilization - Venezuela. Economic Appraisal
BATEX - Ceylon. Economic Appraisal
The Production of the Vapour Phase of Smoke
The Influence of Stem Treatment on the Properties
of C.R.S. -
Part II
Studies in the Neutral Fraction of Smoke - Part
II. Comparison
of Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons in Smoke from
Flue-cured and
Fermented Tobaccos
The Effect of Making-Machine Garnitures on
Cigarette Piz= e3s
South African Plug-Granule Combiner Development
of.Test-Rig
Individual Weight Performance of Mk. 8 Making
Machines - An
Interim Report
Nitrosamines
The Manufacture of Cellulose Secondary Acetate
Filter Rods
Containing Polyethylene Imine as an Additive
Transmission of Water Vapour Through Thin Films
The Mk. 8 SM Cigarette Making Machine (Prototype)
Performance at
2000 c.p.m.
No.
RD..326-R
RD-331-R
RD.332-F
RD. 3_36 -R
RD.3,37-R
RD..338-F
RD.339-F
RD-340-R
RD.341-R
RD.342-R
RD-343-R
RD-344-R
RD-345-R
RD._346-R
RD-347-R
RD.,348-R
RD.,349-R
RD.,350-F
RD.351-R
CD
~_n
C"i
L^j
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C=)
~_rl
UIJ
ON
_r~t-
Uli
(-^j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-28-
The Yield of Hydrogen Cyanide from Cigarettes
RD.352-R
BATEX - Singapore: Economic Appraisal
RD-353-R
Limits of Sensory Discrimination in Carbon
Filter-Tipped
Virginia Cigarettes RD-354-R
Project QUICKSILVM
RD-356-R
BATCO document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


C=)
Q.IIj
ON
C."i
(-M
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-29-
LA30RArORY REPORTS
Title No.
Tte Determination of Hydrogen Sulphide in
Cigarette Smoke L.150-R
The Filtration of Hydrogen Sulphide from Cigarette
Smoke L.151-R
The Determination of Acrolein in Cigarette Smoke
L.152-R
Aimomated Procedure for the Determination of
Hydrogen Cyanide L.153-F
The Behaviour of Activated Carbon in Unbonded and
Polythene Bonded
Filters L.154-R
E-mination of KISKOT Cigarette Holders L.155-F
Tobacco from Mauritius: The Effects of Various
Forms of Flue-
C=-ing on the Benzpyrene Content of the Tobacco
L.156-R
A Method for Ciliastasis Using Paramecium L.157-R
F-mInation of Brighton and Pinnacle Cigarettes
L.158-F
Elm-mination of Cigarettes and BATEX from Kuala
Lumpur L.159-R
Izaroved Cigarette Packs L.i6o-F
De,~ermination of Solanesol in Tobacco L.161-F
Project HACKNEY L.162-R
I=eraction of Smoke and Water L.163-R
Q~garette Rod Filtration: Flue-Burley Mixtures
L.164-R
0 N
(-N,
C7 \
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


c:)
(-T1
C.^j
ON
-r~bl
Lp-j
-,j
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


ENGINEERING REPORTS
Title
No.
The Performance of the Hi-Vi Volumetric Feeder
(The Amcel Solids
Applicator) When Charged with Catcher Shorts
E-59-F
Handbook for B-A.T. Whole Leaf Moisture Indicator
E.6o-F
The Amcel Solids Applicator
E.61-F
CD
cc
-30-
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


(-n
Q.--I
CN
X-1.
(-_i
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-31-
SrAFF
Staff changes during the quarter were made up as
follows:
At 3o.6.65 At 30.9.65
Staff employed: 189 186
Resignations pending: 2 2
Retirements pending: 1 -
186 184
Staff recruited but not yet employed:
Staff planned transfers not yet
effective
Outstanding vacancies:
Additions (7)
Mr. R.W. Hedge
Miss S.M. Lawes
Mr. 1. Storah
Mr. N. Newby
Miss Z.M. Eldridge
Miss V.J. Dubber
Mrs R.E.M. Boella
Resignations (9)
Mr. C.J. Mills
Miss S.M. Bevis
Miss S. Bridges
Mrs J. Chamberlain
Mr. D.M. Carroll
2 1
0 0
11 14
199 199
Chemical Engineer
Secretary
Laboratory Assistant, Grade I
Shift Security Officer
Junior Clerk
Junior Clerk
Laboratory Assistant, Grade III
Laboratory Assistant, Grade I
Secretary
Office Junior
Laboratory Assistant, Grade III
Graduate Chemist
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


(-M
Q.^j
ON
X-
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-.32-
Mr. G. Rayner Graduate Chemist
Mr. J. Newby Chemical Assistant
Mrs J. Will Secretary/Shorthand Typist
Mr. F. White Day Security Officer
Retirements (1)
Mr. T. Hurst Fitter
Resignations Pending (2)
Mr. I.M. Woodrow Laboratory Assistant, Grade I
Mr. K. Feyrer Chemical Assistant
Recruitment Pending (1)
E.S. Wright Machine Technician
Vacancies (14)
6 Graduate Chemists
8 Laboratory Assistants
U14
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-33-
VISITORS
During the quarter there were 137 visitors to R. &
D.E. in addition to
regular B-A.T. visitors, these include:
Mr. J.K. Adadevon Takoradi
Mr. M. Ahern Molins
Mr. H.D. Anderson Millbank
Mr. M.E. Bannister Sudan
Mr. D.E. Barlow McGraw Hill
Mr. W.L. Briggs I.T. Co. Bristol
Dr. van Biesen Unilever
Mr. I.B. Bluett Odon Warland, Belgium
Mr. S.D. Colledge Nigeria
Mr. H.G. Collins New Zealand
Mr. E. Costenbarder Middle Fast
Mr. D.A. Coulson I.T. Co. U.S.A.
Mr. D.S. Cowley Greece
Mr. P. Crispe M. East
Mr. D.R. Davies S.C.L. Liverpool
Mr. W. Davis Players, Nottingham
Mr. Dol=an Molins
Mr. M.F. Drake Pakistan
Miss Rivards Unilever
Mr. R.S. Every A.W.R.E. Aldermaston
Mr. S. Freud DuPont
Mr. G.A. Garbarino Angola
Mr. F.W. Gilbert Millbank
Mr. N.M. Gilliam Millbank C:)
BATCo document for Province of BritiSh Columbia 2
November 1999


L 41.
14.A.!> y
C71,
X-
X-
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-34-
Mr. Gough Wiggins Teape
Mr. Griffiths Proof Packing Ltd., Newbury
Mr. J.B. Hall Saigon
Mr. I. Habibullah Pakistan
Mr. W. Hancock Pioneer Tobacco Co.
Mr. G.C. Hargrove Millbank
Mr. Harris Millbank
Mr. G. Harris Pittsburgh Carbon Co.
Mr. V. Harvey Molins
Mr. N.C.A. Hawley Millbank
Dr. R.C. Hockett C.T.R. (U.S.)
Mr. C. Huggett Millbank
Mr. D.E. Hughes Millbank
Mr. J.R.G. Johnston I.T. Co. Bristol
Mr. M.P. Kirkbride Finland
Mr. R.D. Lowe Millbank
Mr. E.P. Lozier Costa Rica
Mr. L.H. Lyons Liverpool
Mr. R.S. McHardy Brazil
Mr. R. Mack India
Mr. B.L. Mantell Libya
Mr. N. Mould I.T. Co. Bristol
Dr. A.H. Norbury Loughborough Technical College
Mr. J.W. Osborne Player's Nottingham
Mr. L.L. Page I.T. Co. Bristol
Mr. R.A. Parry Proof Packing Ltd., Newbury
011
C711
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


/-, t ~ . 5, k~ - - 1, 1..,, 1, :,: ("; - -
J.
4
141. .?r r i
C=)
~_r
U-~j
C71,
-:h.
_Ctb-
--4
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999


-35-
Mr. J.F.M. Fickance Malaya
Mr. W.K. Poole Ceylon
Mr. Pritchard Rhodesia
Mr. Rakowicz Molins
Mr. E.W. Ramble India
Mr. Rankine British Council
Mr. Reed Microwave
Dr. N. Rostron T.R.B. Rhodesia
Dr. V. Runeckles I.T. Co. Canada
Mr. S. Scantlebury Congo
Mr. I.L. Sethi India
Mr. W.P.S. Shimield Cia. Noblenza, Argentine
Mr. A.L. Shore Liverpool
Mr. J.R. Sinclair Vd-llbank
Mr. D.H. Stead Nigeria
Mr. J.R. Stone Cyprus
Mr. P.G.M. Taylor Players, Nottingham
Mr. J.R. Tugwood Jensen & Son
Mr. J. Weckerle Brazil
Mr. H. Westoff Liverpool
Mr. T.I. Wilson Australia
Mr. B. Wolf A.W.R.E. Aldermaston
Mr. F.C. Yearwood Jamaica
CO
BATCo document for Province of British Columbia 2
November 1999